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They concluded that ideal treatment would be early surgical removal of the lesion, followed by daily intravenous and topical administration of Amphotericin B, with periodical extirpation of small necrotic tracts as necessary. Cost and a fairly high risk of nephrotoxicity due to Amphotericin B may be a deterring factor and more recently some strains of Pythium have shown resistance to amphotericin B (Eaton 1993).More recent information has cast serious doubt on the efficacy of parentral Amphoteracin B and parentral treatment is now questionable Local treatment: After surgical removal of the tumour, Amphotericin B (50g Amphotericin B in 10ml sterile water) + 10ml DMSO in gauze was applied and bandaged in place. Treatment is continued daily for at least 1 week. More recently a severe case involving bone lesions in a mare was treated by surgery followed by daily packing with Ketaconazole, Rifampin, DMSO and 2N HCI applied to the wound cavity under bandages pre-coated with 10% Povidone-iodine ointment to stop leaking of the initial dressing. Immunotherapy was used as an adjunct to treatment in this case (Eaton 1993). Originally the production of a phenolised vaccine manufactured by the department of Tropical Veterinary Science, Townsville, showed indications of success in the treatment of early lesions. Results of vaccination compare favourably with surgery and when used in conjunction with surgery, has given very good results. This is given in 2ml doses weekly for 2-6 weeks. Lesions show some regressions in 7-10 days after the first injection, but reaction at the injection site can be moderate to severe. Indications of successful treatment are reduction of pruritus, drying of exudate, expulsion of 'kunkers', fibrosis of granuloma and eventually, complete epithelialization (Miller 1981). Recently two types of vaccines were produced (Newton & Ross 1993), one being that originally developed in 1981 by Miller who produced a vaccine prepared with killed sonicated whole-cell hypha antigen of P. insidiosum. A second vaccine prepared by precipitation of soluble antigen from Pythium growth medium showed a similar cure rate with less side effects at the injection site and reportedly has a longer shelf life (Mendoza et al 1992). Successful treatment depends on a number of factors such as the age of the horse, general physical condition, previous treatment, age/size/site of the lesion and whether there is bony involvement. Young fresh lesions of 2 weeks duration responded very well to immunotherapy alone, but if present for more than 2 months, there was a poor response to this treatment (Mendoza et al 1992). Horses with infection in the bone have mostly died, even though they have some clinical improvement with surgery and post-operative medical treatment (Alfaro & Mendoza 1990). 102 ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005
These vaccines are not manufactured commercially at this time, but may be available on request from select diagnostic laboratories Prognosis Good for body wall lesions. Guarded for lesions involving joints and tendon. ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005 103
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Australian College of Veterinary Sc
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Australian College of Veterinary Sc
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3.00 Afternoon tea 3.30 How I treat
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Dr Jennifer A. Charles BVSc MVS Dip
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Scientists in Feline Medicine in 19
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IgE-bearing cells have been demonst
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years, median age 6.5 years, with a
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dusts, grain smuts, moulds, danders
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References: Evans AG, Paradis MR, &
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Comparatively simple, cheap and eff
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TABLE 1: CURRENT ALLERGENS SELECTED
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AmericanCockroach Cockroach mix
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Patient Preparation Drug Withdrawal
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Each injection site is visually exa
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References 1. Scott DW, Miller WH:
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Intradermal Testing (IDT) in Horses
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TABLE 2 Additional allergens used i
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Allergen Positive reactions Mosquit
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much higher and corresponded to the
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and this and other uncontrolled tri
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Introduction Diagnostic Approach to
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Wheals vary in size and shape and q
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References Evans AG, Paradis MR & O
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Introduction: Equine Chronic Urtica
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Acute treatment - Epinephrine 1:100
Page 51 and 52: anecdotal success with use of human
Page 53 and 54: an 80:20 mixture of evening primros
Page 55 and 56: Clinical approach to the horse with
Page 57 and 58: identify plants in a pasture that m
Page 59 and 60: Equine sarcoidosis Sonya Bettenay T
Page 61 and 62: described as a possible feature of
Page 63 and 64: others 2001), isotretinoin(Waldinge
Page 65 and 66: 12. LeGall, F., Loeuillet, L., Dela
Page 67 and 68: Introduction The equine sarcoid: an
Page 69 and 70: Clinical Presentation Small fibrous
Page 71 and 72: Assessment should be made on the fo
Page 73 and 74: (ix)Bone becomes devitalized if inc
Page 75 and 76: and mitomycin C have been used. All
Page 77 and 78: Owen LN & Barnett KC (1983) - Treat
Page 79 and 80: any anatomic location but commonly
Page 81 and 82: epidermis may be histologically nor
Page 83 and 84: References D.C. Knottenbelt, S. Edw
Page 85 and 86: indicated. Each sample for culture
Page 87 and 88: Proper dosage and proper duration a
Page 89 and 90: 2. Affect on the horse and 3. Affec
Page 91 and 92: Affected horses usually scratch and
Page 93 and 94: • Cattle ear tags impregnated wit
Page 95 and 96: How I treat: equine pemphigus folia
Page 97 and 98: Treatment of pemphigus foliaceus in
Page 99 and 100: SCOTT, D.W., WALON, D.K., SLATER, M
Page 101: Diagnosis History of access of hors
Page 105 and 106: References Alfaro AA & Mendoza L (1
Page 107 and 108: y a variety of fungal metabolites.
Page 109 and 110: Authors recommendations: 1. Both Im
Page 111 and 112: chorioptic mange by the author (Lit
Page 113 and 114: Clinical Disease The clinical resul
Page 115 and 116: treatment options have been used. P
Page 117 and 118: Notes ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology
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