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The allergens used for equine skin testing tend to be the same that is used for small animal testing, and often allergen selection has occurred with small animals in mind. Additional horse-specific allergens such as Culicoides are also included for the equine tests. Where horses are housed in the same metropolitan area, it is assumed that exposure to similar allergens as small animals will occur. However, modifications to the allergen selection may be necessary for horses from more distant country areas. It is not apparent whether particular allergens are relevant in horses, as their lifestyle may prevent significant exposure to various substances; such as insects (cockroach), House-dust mites and pollens from fodder materials brought into the area rather than grown in the area. Testing with epithelia (from other animals and humans) is not possible in Australia due to quarantine regulation against the importation of such allergens, so the significance of these is unknown in the Australian context. In one study in affected horses, positive intradermal test reactions to epithelia were seen in a significant number of clinically affected horses (54.2% to human dander!)(2). Allergen mixes are available, but testing with these is not recommended (1), as the concentration of the individual allergens in the mix becomes too dilute for detection. Variation in species of insect and pollen allergens may also be important. The Culicoides extract available through Greer laboratories is derived from Culicoides nebiculosis. In Australia, Culicoides brevitarsis is considered to be the only relevant species of Culicoides (at least in NSW, according to entomologists at the Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute - pers comm.). Information from Greer suggests that crossreactivity across most species of Culicoides can be expected, but the reality of this assumption is not known. 20 ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005
TABLE 1: CURRENT ALLERGENS SELECTED FOR INTRADERMAL TESTING BY VARIOUS CENTRES IN AUSTRALIA Melbourne Sydney Brisbane Perth Grass Pollens Bent Brome Canary (Phalaris) Cocksfoot Couch Couch, English Fescue Johnson grass Kentucky Bluegrass Maize Oat Orchard Paspalum Perennial Rye Prairie Grass Sweet Vernal Timothy Wheat, Cultivated Yorkshire Fog Weed Pollens Chenopodium mix Cocklebur Daisy Dandelion Dog Fennel) Fat Hen Lucerne (Alfalfa) Mexican Tea Mugwort Mustard Nettle Perennial Ragweed Plantain Ragweed, short Ragweed, Western Red Sorrel Rough Pigweed Sunflower Tobacco Leaf ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005 21
Page 1 and 2: Australian College of Veterinary Sc
Page 3 and 4: Australian College of Veterinary Sc
Page 5 and 6: 3.00 Afternoon tea 3.30 How I treat
Page 7 and 8: Dr Jennifer A. Charles BVSc MVS Dip
Page 9 and 10: Scientists in Feline Medicine in 19
Page 11 and 12: IgE-bearing cells have been demonst
Page 13 and 14: years, median age 6.5 years, with a
Page 15 and 16: dusts, grain smuts, moulds, danders
Page 17 and 18: References: Evans AG, Paradis MR, &
Page 19: Comparatively simple, cheap and eff
Page 23 and 24: AmericanCockroach Cockroach mix
Page 25 and 26: Patient Preparation Drug Withdrawal
Page 27 and 28: Each injection site is visually exa
Page 29 and 30: References 1. Scott DW, Miller WH:
Page 31 and 32: Intradermal Testing (IDT) in Horses
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 2 Additional allergens used i
Page 35 and 36: Allergen Positive reactions Mosquit
Page 37 and 38: much higher and corresponded to the
Page 39 and 40: and this and other uncontrolled tri
Page 41 and 42: Introduction Diagnostic Approach to
Page 43 and 44: Wheals vary in size and shape and q
Page 45 and 46: References Evans AG, Paradis MR & O
Page 47 and 48: Introduction: Equine Chronic Urtica
Page 49 and 50: Acute treatment - Epinephrine 1:100
Page 51 and 52: anecdotal success with use of human
Page 53 and 54: an 80:20 mixture of evening primros
Page 55 and 56: Clinical approach to the horse with
Page 57 and 58: identify plants in a pasture that m
Page 59 and 60: Equine sarcoidosis Sonya Bettenay T
Page 61 and 62: described as a possible feature of
Page 63 and 64: others 2001), isotretinoin(Waldinge
Page 65 and 66: 12. LeGall, F., Loeuillet, L., Dela
Page 67 and 68: Introduction The equine sarcoid: an
Page 69 and 70: Clinical Presentation Small fibrous
Page 71 and 72:
Assessment should be made on the fo
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(ix)Bone becomes devitalized if inc
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and mitomycin C have been used. All
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Owen LN & Barnett KC (1983) - Treat
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any anatomic location but commonly
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epidermis may be histologically nor
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References D.C. Knottenbelt, S. Edw
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indicated. Each sample for culture
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Proper dosage and proper duration a
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2. Affect on the horse and 3. Affec
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Affected horses usually scratch and
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• Cattle ear tags impregnated wit
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How I treat: equine pemphigus folia
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Treatment of pemphigus foliaceus in
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SCOTT, D.W., WALON, D.K., SLATER, M
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Diagnosis History of access of hors
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These vaccines are not manufactured
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References Alfaro AA & Mendoza L (1
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y a variety of fungal metabolites.
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Authors recommendations: 1. Both Im
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chorioptic mange by the author (Lit
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Clinical Disease The clinical resul
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treatment options have been used. P
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Notes ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology
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