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48 IV. Exudative urticaria: associated with serum oozing and matting of the hair and hair loss. V. Gyrate urticaria: bizarre serpiginous and arciform shapes and often associated with drug reactions. Differential diagnoses: - folliculitides - vasculitis - erythema multiforme - cutaneous infiltrates (amyloidosis, neoplasia) - Diagnosis: History - record of client observations (seasonality, drug exposure, feeds, housing, environment, association with exercise) - Duration of the lesions - Location of the lesions (contact sites?) - Grooming protocol - Parasite control A thorough history should allow you to rule in/out drugs, parasitism, infections and give clues as to the likelihood of physical urticaria. Diagnostic tests Treatment: - Permanent marking pen to assess persistence of individual lesions - Histopathology for lesions that persist greater than 24 hours (infiltrative urticaria, vasculitis) - Assess for dermatographism (blunt pressure applied and observe for wheal formation) - Local application of heat (water > 44 o C) or cold (ice cube) - Exercise challenge - IDT (intradermal skin testing for airborne allergens) - Hymenoptera testing - Novel protein hypoallergenic diet 6 to 8 weeks - Avoidance of triggers if identified - Trigger “desensitisation” ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005
Acute treatment - Epinephrine 1:1000, 5 to 10 mls/450kg IM (given acutely) - Prednisolone 2mg/kg (given acutely) Chronic treatment Conclusion: - ASIT (allergen specific immunotherapy) - Antihistamines (hydroxyzine 400-500mg bid +/-cyproheptadine 20mg bid) Most common cause, once drugs are ruled out, is atopic dermatitis. Further elucidation of ideal concentration of allergens for IDT in the horse would lead to greater utilisation of IDT as a diagnostic step and ASIT as a therapeutic option for chronic urticaria in the horse. . ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology Chapter Science Week 2005 49
Page 1 and 2: Australian College of Veterinary Sc
Page 3 and 4: Australian College of Veterinary Sc
Page 5 and 6: 3.00 Afternoon tea 3.30 How I treat
Page 7 and 8: Dr Jennifer A. Charles BVSc MVS Dip
Page 9 and 10: Scientists in Feline Medicine in 19
Page 11 and 12: IgE-bearing cells have been demonst
Page 13 and 14: years, median age 6.5 years, with a
Page 15 and 16: dusts, grain smuts, moulds, danders
Page 17 and 18: References: Evans AG, Paradis MR, &
Page 19 and 20: Comparatively simple, cheap and eff
Page 21 and 22: TABLE 1: CURRENT ALLERGENS SELECTED
Page 23 and 24: AmericanCockroach Cockroach mix
Page 25 and 26: Patient Preparation Drug Withdrawal
Page 27 and 28: Each injection site is visually exa
Page 29 and 30: References 1. Scott DW, Miller WH:
Page 31 and 32: Intradermal Testing (IDT) in Horses
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 2 Additional allergens used i
Page 35 and 36: Allergen Positive reactions Mosquit
Page 37 and 38: much higher and corresponded to the
Page 39 and 40: and this and other uncontrolled tri
Page 41 and 42: Introduction Diagnostic Approach to
Page 43 and 44: Wheals vary in size and shape and q
Page 45 and 46: References Evans AG, Paradis MR & O
Page 47: Introduction: Equine Chronic Urtica
Page 51 and 52: anecdotal success with use of human
Page 53 and 54: an 80:20 mixture of evening primros
Page 55 and 56: Clinical approach to the horse with
Page 57 and 58: identify plants in a pasture that m
Page 59 and 60: Equine sarcoidosis Sonya Bettenay T
Page 61 and 62: described as a possible feature of
Page 63 and 64: others 2001), isotretinoin(Waldinge
Page 65 and 66: 12. LeGall, F., Loeuillet, L., Dela
Page 67 and 68: Introduction The equine sarcoid: an
Page 69 and 70: Clinical Presentation Small fibrous
Page 71 and 72: Assessment should be made on the fo
Page 73 and 74: (ix)Bone becomes devitalized if inc
Page 75 and 76: and mitomycin C have been used. All
Page 77 and 78: Owen LN & Barnett KC (1983) - Treat
Page 79 and 80: any anatomic location but commonly
Page 81 and 82: epidermis may be histologically nor
Page 83 and 84: References D.C. Knottenbelt, S. Edw
Page 85 and 86: indicated. Each sample for culture
Page 87 and 88: Proper dosage and proper duration a
Page 89 and 90: 2. Affect on the horse and 3. Affec
Page 91 and 92: Affected horses usually scratch and
Page 93 and 94: • Cattle ear tags impregnated wit
Page 95 and 96: How I treat: equine pemphigus folia
Page 97 and 98: Treatment of pemphigus foliaceus in
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SCOTT, D.W., WALON, D.K., SLATER, M
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Diagnosis History of access of hors
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These vaccines are not manufactured
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References Alfaro AA & Mendoza L (1
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y a variety of fungal metabolites.
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Authors recommendations: 1. Both Im
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chorioptic mange by the author (Lit
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Clinical Disease The clinical resul
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treatment options have been used. P
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Notes ACVSC Proceedings Dermatology
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