Baltic Sea

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Özgökmen, T. M., P. F. Fischer and W. E. Johns, 2006: Product water mass formation by turbulent density currents from a high-order nonhydrostatic spectral element model, Ocean Modelling, 12, 237267. Paka, V. T., 1996: Thermohaline Structure of Waters at Sections in the Slupsk Furrow, Okeanologiya (Moscow), 36 (2), 207217. Paka, V. T., V. M. Zurbas, N. N. Golenko and L. A. Stefantsev, 1998: Eect o the Ekman Transport on the Overow of Saline Waters through the Slupsk Furrow in the Baltic Sea, Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 34 (5), 641648. Piechura, J. and A. Beszczy«ska-Möller, 2004: Inow waters in the deep regions of the southern Baltic Sea - transport and transformations, corrected version, Oceanologia, 46 (1), 113141. Pond, S. and G. L. Pickard, 1983: Introductory Dynamical Oceanography, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 2nd ed. Reissmann, J. H., 1999: Bathymetry of four deep Baltic basins, Ocean Dynamics, 51 (4). Reiÿmann, J. H., 2002: Integrale Eigenschaften von mesoskaligen Wirbelstrukturen in den tiefen Becken der Ostsee, Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte No. 52, Institut für Ostseeforschung, Warnemünde. Reiÿmann, J. H., 2005: An algorithm to detect isolated anomalies in three-dimensional stratied data elds with an application to density elds from four deep basins of the Baltic Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110 (C12018), doi:10.1029/2005JC002885. Reissmann, J. H., 2006: On the representation of regional characteristics by hydrographic measurements at central stations in four deep basins of the Baltic Sea, Ocean Science, 2 (1), 7186, http://www.ocean-sci.net/2/71/2006/. Reissmann, J. H., H. Burchard, R. Feistel, E. Hagen, H. U. Lass, V. Mohrholz, G. Nausch, L. Umlauf and G. Wieczorek, 2009: Vertical mixing in the Baltic Sea and consequences for eutrophication - a review, Progress in Oceanography, 82, 4780. 106
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No 88 2012 Spatiotemporal Scales of
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Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
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Abstract The Baltic Sea is surround
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Contents Abstract Contents List of
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Acknowledgement 109 Appendix 111 vi
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M-7/M-8 Mesodyn hydrographic snapsh
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List of Figures 1.1 Baltic Sea - ba
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4.32 Regression sea level dierence
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1. Introduction 1.1 Investigations
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circulation above topographic anks
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58 o N 190 230 210 100 75 100 100 7
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y 'new' deep water. For instance, i
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events. During and after such event
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this inow event was classied as 'mo
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Scale (PSS-78), roughly by 0.5%, as
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(Acoustic Doppler Current Proler) a
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for the southernmost zonal section
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whereas the length of the NE time s
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have a thickness of only 1.5 m in o
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dependent salt volumes for the deep
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7 6.5 a Temperature ( o C) 6 5.5 5
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Potential Temperature ( o C) 8 7 6
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inowing waters masses with variable
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following these bounds will be used
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60 80 100 −45 −50 −55 Pressur
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Monitoring Station BMP271 60 80 100
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Date 31.8.1997, 03.11.1997, 03.11.1
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190 a 200 Depth (m) 210 220 230 240
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Date (ID) 〈S〉 V (g/kg) 〈θ〉
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deviation of the temperature uctuat
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4. The Deep Circulation in the EGB
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Depth (m) 50 100 150 200 17 16 4.6
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For this reason, the displayed temp
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6.4 6.3 178 m 208 m 223 m Daily Tem
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The deep parts of the basin are exp
Page 71 and 72: On the 29 September 2006 between 60
Page 73 and 74: In the geostrophic balance horizont
Page 75 and 76: captured eastward velocities up to
Page 77 and 78: Figure 4.11: Modelled current veloc
Page 79 and 80: SFS and SFN. At the southern ank a
Page 81 and 82: Mean Volume Transports Mean Volume
Page 83 and 84: 160 170 180 Volume of EGB below 170
Page 85 and 86: Basin 55.9 ◦ N. From there the bo
Page 87 and 88: Volume transports (km 3 /d) 15 10 5
Page 89 and 90: Gdansk Basin happened a few weeks e
Page 91 and 92: needs some explanation, since the l
Page 93 and 94: and Fig. 4.24 and displayed in Tabl
Page 95 and 96: Salt (t) 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 x 10 10
Page 97 and 98: Time Period Stolpe Channel at 17.5
Page 99 and 100: Modelled volume transport through S
Page 101 and 102: discovered that most of the varianc
Page 103 and 104: to the right (perpendicular) to the
Page 105 and 106: of salty and often well oxygenated
Page 107 and 108: Depth (m) 40 45 50 55 60 4 3 2 1 0
Page 109 and 110: a correlation coecient of R=-0.68 a
Page 111 and 112: 5. Discussion and Conclusions 5.1 D
Page 113 and 114: graphic cross-sections, conducted i
Page 115 and 116: direction as the wind. The deep lay
Page 117 and 118: Bibliography Axell, L. B., 1998: On
Page 119 and 120: Griffies, S. M., R. C. Pacanowski,
Page 121: Matthäus, W., 1993: Major inows of
Page 125 and 126: Zhurbas, V., I. Oh and V. Paka, 200
Page 127 and 128: Appendix Current speed and directio
Page 129 and 130: Current speed and direction (cm/s)
Page 131 and 132: 2 1.5 1 Cumulative volume through S
Page 133 and 134: Volume (km 3 ) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0
Page 135 and 136: 10 3 Regional Wind 7 Power Spectra
Page 137 and 138: NE along−slope at 178m 10 2 10 1
Page 139 and 140: Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
Page 141 and 142: 26 (1997) Lakaschus, Sönke: Konzen
Page 143 and 144: 51 (2002) Wasmund, Norbert; Pollehn
Page 145 and 146: 78 (2009) Wasmund, Norbert; Pollehn
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