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Volume (km 3 ) 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2000 Cumulative Volume through Gdansk Basin at 55N 5day means of salinity > 12 g/kg pos and neg pos neg Volume (km 3 ) 800 600 400 200 0 −200 −400 Cumulative Volume through Gdansk Basin at 55N − 5−day means of salinity > 12 g/kg pos and neg pos neg 4000 −600 6000 −800 8000 11/10/02 23/02/04 07/07/05 19/11/06 02/04/08 15/08/09 Date (dd/mm/yy) (a) 2002 −2009 −1000 22/06/06 11/08/06 30/09/06 19/11/06 08/01/07 27/02/07 Date (dd/mm/yy) (b) May 2006 −March 2007 300 200 Cumulative Volume through Gdansk Basin at 55N − 5−day means of salinity > 12 g/kg pos and neg pos neg Volume (km 3 ) 100 0 −100 −200 −300 20/09 30/09 10/10 20/10 30/10 09/11 19/11 29/11 09/12 19/12 29/12 Date in 2006 (dd/mm) (c) September to December 2006 Figure 4.23: Cumulative positive (eastward, red), negative (westward, blue) and both positive/negative (black) volume (km 3 ) through Gdansk Basin at 55 ◦ N for salt ≥ 12 g/kg. Note, scales between plots dier. in and 722 km 3 transported out. The amount of salt that stays in the basin is lower as well, with 1.23 Gt staying in the basin, while 10.33 Gt are transported in and 9.10 Gt transported out (Fig. 4.24 b). Only during the short period between September and December 2006 more salt is transported out than in (0.05 Gt, Fig. 4.24 c). Cumulative volume and salt of the Hoburg Channel at 56 ◦ N are much higher than cumulative volume and salt of the other two transects. Volumes and salt loads displayed in Table 4.3 and Fig. 4.25 let assume a salt load of 47.98 Gt stays in the channel for the 7 years, with 107.41 Gt going northward balanced by only 59.43 travelling southward. Even for the time between May 2006 and March 2007 5.91 Gt remain in the channel. For the three months between only 1.07 Gt remain. The volume displays similar high values (Table 4.3) with remaining 3791 km 3 for 78
Salt (t) 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 x 10 10 Cumulative Salt through Gdansk Basin at 55N 5day means of salinity > 12 g/kg pos and neg pos neg 11/10/02 23/02/04 07/07/05 19/11/06 02/04/08 15/08/09 Date (dd/mm/yy) (a) 2002 −2009 Salt (t) 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 x 10 10 Cumulative Salt through Gdansk Basin at 55N − 5−day means of salinity > 12 g/kg pos and neg pos neg 03/05/06 22/06/06 11/08/06 30/09/06 19/11/06 08/01/07 27/02/07 18/04/07 Date (dd/mm/yy) (b) May 2006 −March 2007 Cumulative Salt through Gdansk Basin at 55N − 5−day means of salinity > 12 g/kg 4 x 109 Date in 2006 (dd/mm) 3 pos and neg pos neg 2 1 Salt (t) 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 20/09 30/09 10/10 20/10 30/10 09/11 19/11 29/11 09/12 19/12 29/12 (c) September to December 2006 Figure 4.24: Cumulative positive (eastward, red), negative (westward, blue) and both positive/negative (black) salt load (t) through Gdansk Basin at 55 ◦ N for salt ≥ 12 g/kg. Note, scales between plots dier. 79
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No 88 2012 Spatiotemporal Scales of
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Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
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Abstract The Baltic Sea is surround
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Contents Abstract Contents List of
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Acknowledgement 109 Appendix 111 vi
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M-7/M-8 Mesodyn hydrographic snapsh
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List of Figures 1.1 Baltic Sea - ba
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4.32 Regression sea level dierence
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1. Introduction 1.1 Investigations
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circulation above topographic anks
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58 o N 190 230 210 100 75 100 100 7
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y 'new' deep water. For instance, i
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events. During and after such event
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this inow event was classied as 'mo
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Scale (PSS-78), roughly by 0.5%, as
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(Acoustic Doppler Current Proler) a
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for the southernmost zonal section
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whereas the length of the NE time s
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have a thickness of only 1.5 m in o
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dependent salt volumes for the deep
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7 6.5 a Temperature ( o C) 6 5.5 5
Page 43 and 44: Potential Temperature ( o C) 8 7 6
Page 45 and 46: inowing waters masses with variable
Page 47 and 48: following these bounds will be used
Page 49 and 50: 60 80 100 −45 −50 −55 Pressur
Page 51 and 52: Monitoring Station BMP271 60 80 100
Page 53 and 54: Date 31.8.1997, 03.11.1997, 03.11.1
Page 55 and 56: 190 a 200 Depth (m) 210 220 230 240
Page 57 and 58: Date (ID) 〈S〉 V (g/kg) 〈θ〉
Page 59 and 60: deviation of the temperature uctuat
Page 61 and 62: 4. The Deep Circulation in the EGB
Page 63 and 64: Depth (m) 50 100 150 200 17 16 4.6
Page 65 and 66: For this reason, the displayed temp
Page 67 and 68: 6.4 6.3 178 m 208 m 223 m Daily Tem
Page 69 and 70: The deep parts of the basin are exp
Page 71 and 72: On the 29 September 2006 between 60
Page 73 and 74: In the geostrophic balance horizont
Page 75 and 76: captured eastward velocities up to
Page 77 and 78: Figure 4.11: Modelled current veloc
Page 79 and 80: SFS and SFN. At the southern ank a
Page 81 and 82: Mean Volume Transports Mean Volume
Page 83 and 84: 160 170 180 Volume of EGB below 170
Page 85 and 86: Basin 55.9 ◦ N. From there the bo
Page 87 and 88: Volume transports (km 3 /d) 15 10 5
Page 89 and 90: Gdansk Basin happened a few weeks e
Page 91 and 92: needs some explanation, since the l
Page 93: and Fig. 4.24 and displayed in Tabl
Page 97 and 98: Time Period Stolpe Channel at 17.5
Page 99 and 100: Modelled volume transport through S
Page 101 and 102: discovered that most of the varianc
Page 103 and 104: to the right (perpendicular) to the
Page 105 and 106: of salty and often well oxygenated
Page 107 and 108: Depth (m) 40 45 50 55 60 4 3 2 1 0
Page 109 and 110: a correlation coecient of R=-0.68 a
Page 111 and 112: 5. Discussion and Conclusions 5.1 D
Page 113 and 114: graphic cross-sections, conducted i
Page 115 and 116: direction as the wind. The deep lay
Page 117 and 118: Bibliography Axell, L. B., 1998: On
Page 119 and 120: Griffies, S. M., R. C. Pacanowski,
Page 121 and 122: Matthäus, W., 1993: Major inows of
Page 123 and 124: Rubio, A., D. Gomis, G. Jordà and
Page 125 and 126: Zhurbas, V., I. Oh and V. Paka, 200
Page 127 and 128: Appendix Current speed and directio
Page 129 and 130: Current speed and direction (cm/s)
Page 131 and 132: 2 1.5 1 Cumulative volume through S
Page 133 and 134: Volume (km 3 ) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0
Page 135 and 136: 10 3 Regional Wind 7 Power Spectra
Page 137 and 138: NE along−slope at 178m 10 2 10 1
Page 139 and 140: Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
Page 141 and 142: 26 (1997) Lakaschus, Sönke: Konzen
Page 143 and 144: 51 (2002) Wasmund, Norbert; Pollehn
Page 145 and 146:
78 (2009) Wasmund, Norbert; Pollehn
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Baltic Sea

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