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Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation 1 Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, P.T. McElroy. 1982, The Acoustic Environment of Humpback Whales in Glacier Bay and Frederick Sound/Stephens qassage, Alaska, BBN Report No. 4848, Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc . , Cambridge, MA, for NOAA - National Marine Fisheries Service, Marine Mammal Laboratory, 183p. Malme, C.I., B. Wursig, J.E. Bird and P. Tyack. 1986. Behavioral responses of gray whales to industrial noise: feeding observations and predictive modeling. BBN Rep. 6265. Rep. from BBN Laboratories, Inc., Cambridge, MA, for Nat. Oceanic & Atmos. Admin. and U.S. Minerals Manage. Serv., Anchorage, AK. Variously paginated. Malme, C.I., B. Wiirsig, J.E. Bird and P. Tyack. 1988. Observations of feeding gray whale responses to controlled industrial noise exposure. p. 55-73. In: Port & Ocean Engin. under Arctic Conditions, Vol. 2, Geophysical Inst., University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK. 111 p. Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, C.W. Clark, P. Tyack and J.E. Bird. 1984. Investigations of the potential effects of underwater noise from petroleum industry activities on migrating gray whale behavior. Phase 11: January 1984 migration. BBN Rep. No. 5586. Rep. from Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc., Cambridge, MA, for U.S. Minerals Manage. Serv., Anchorage, AK. Variously paginated. NTIS PB86-218377. Malme, C. I., P.R. Miles, P. Tyack, C.W. Clark and J.E. Bird. 1985. Investigation of the potential effects of underwater noise from petroleum industry activities on feeding humpback whale behavior. BBN Rep. No. 585 1 . Rep. from BBN Laboratories, Inc. , Cambridge, MA, for U. S. Minerals Manage. Serv. , Anchorage, AK. Variously paginated. NTIS PB86-218385. Malme, C.I., P.W. Smith, Jr., and P.R. Miles. 1986. Study of the effects of offshore geophysical acoustic survey operations on important commercial fisheries in California, Report No. 6125, BBN Laboratories Inc., for Batteile - Santa Barbara, var. pag. Malme, C.I., and P.M. Smith, Jr. 1988. Transmission of sound from a source in air into shallow water. p. A1-A7 In: Analysis of the acoustic environment of selected pinniped haulout sites in the Alaskan Bering Sea, BBN Tech. Memo No. 1012, BBN Systems and Technology Corp., Cambridge, MA, for LGL Alaska Research Associates, Anchorage, AK, (var . pag . ) . Merrick, R.L., T.R. Loughlin, and D.G. Calkins. 1987. Decline in abundance of the northern sea lion, Eumetopis jubatus, in Alaska, 1956-1986. Fish. Bul. 85~351-365. Meyers, H. 1976, A Historical Summary of Earthquake Epicenters In and Near Alaska, NOAA Technical Memorandum EDS NGSDC-1, National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center, Boulder, CO. 74p.
Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation Meyers, H., R.J. Brazee, J.L. Coffman, S.R. Lessig. 1976, An Analysis of Earthquake Intensities and Recurrence Rates In and Near Alaska, NOAA Technical Memorandum EDS NGSDC-3, National Geophysical and Solar- Terrestrial Data Center, Boulder, CO. 101p. Miles, P.R. and C.I. Malme. 1983. The acoustic environment and noise exposure of humpback whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska. BBN Tech. Memo. 734. Rep. from Bolt Beranek & Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA, for U.S. Nat. Mar. Fish. Serv., Seattl'e, WA. 81 p. Miles, P.R., C.I. Malme and W.J. Richardson. 1987. Prediction of drilling site-specific interaction of industrial acoustic stimuli and endangered whales in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. BBN Rep. 6509; OCS Study MMS 87-0084. Rep. from BBN Labs Inc., Cambridge, MA, and LGL Ltd., King City, Ont., for U .S. Minerals Manage. Serv. , Anchorage, AK. 34 1 p. NTIS PB88- 158498. Miller, E.H. 1985. Airborne acoustic communication in the walrus Odobenus rosmarus . Nat . Geogr . Res . 1 : 124- 145. Miller, G.A., G.A. Heise'and W. Lichten. 1951. The intelligibility of speech as a function of the context of the test materials. J. Exp. Psychol. 4 1 :329-335. Miller, G.W. 1983. Distribution and abundance of gray whales. In: D.H. Thomson (ed.), Feeding ecology of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in the Chirikof Basin, summer 1982. U.S. Dep. Comm., NOAA, OCSEAP Final Rep. 43(1986):209-460. NTIS PB87-192118. Miller, R.V., D.J. Rugh and J.H. Johnson. 1986. The distribution of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, in the Chukchi Sea. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 2( 3) :2 14- 222. Milne, A.R. 1959, Comparison of Spectra of an Earthquake T-Phase with Similar . Signals from Nuclear Explosions, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 49(4) : 317-329. Milne, A.R. 1967, Sound Propagation and Ambient Noise Under Ice, &: Albers, V.M. (ed.), Underwater Acoustics, Vol. 2, Plenum Press, New York. Milne, A.R., J.H. Ganton. 1964, Ambient Noise Under Arctic Ice, J. Acoust. SOC . Am 36 (5 1 : 855-863. Mdhl, B. 1968a. Auditory sensitivity of the common seal in air and water. J. Aud. Res. 8:27-38. Mdhl, B. 1968b. Hearing in seals. p. 172-195 In: R.J. Harrison et al. (eds.), The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Appleton-Century-Crofts, N.Y. Mdhl, B. and S. Andersen. 1973. Echolocation: high-frequency component in, the click of the harbour porpoise (Phocoena ph. L.). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 54 : 1368- 1372.
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BBN Svstems and Technologies Cor~or
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Report No. 6945 L 1 A. Baird's Beak
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FIG. 3.2 NOISE SPECTRA IN SHALLOW W
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Adapted From K.H. Jacob (1986) Cali
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FIG. 3.8 ESTIMATED OVERALL SOUND LE
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FIG. 3. Q UNDERWATER NOISE SPECTRA
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FIG- 3.1 1 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF
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FIG- 3-12 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF C
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FIG. 3.14 REPRESENTATIVE SHIPS AND
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FIG. 3-18 REPRESENTATIVE CULTURAL S
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FIG. 4.1 CORRECTION TO 300 M REFERE
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FIG. 4.1 1 AIR TO SHALLOW WATER SOU
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