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Table 2.8. Characteristics of Underwater Sounds Produced by Alaskan Baleen Wales. Frequency Range of winant Soirrce Level Vocal lzations Frequencies (dB re 1 Species Signal type (Hz) (Hz) at 1 m) References Fin whale moans 17-25 20 160-186 Watkins 1981b; Watkins et al. 1987 mans 30-750 - 155-165 Watkins 1981b; Cunmings et al. 1986 whistles?, chirps? 1,500-5,000 1,500-2,500 - Thompson et al. 1979 clicks? 16,000-28,000 - - Thompson et al. 1979 Blue whale moans 12-390 20-30, 50-60 188 Cummings and Thompson 1971; Edds 1982 clicks? 6,000-8000 6,000-8,000 130, 159 Beamish and Mitchell 1971; Beamish 1979 21,000-31,000 25,000 Minke whale down sweeps 60- 130 - 165 Schevill and Uatkins 1972 moans, grunts 60-140 60-140 151-175 Schevill and Uatkins 1972; Winn and ratchet Perkins 1976 850-6,000 , 850 - Winn and Perkins 1976 clicks 3,300-20,000
i" CJ rr 3 OI a .I= cn Table 2.9. Characteristics of Underwater Sounds Produced by Alaskan Pinnipeds. Frequency Range of Dominant SourceLevel Vocalizations Frequencies (dB re 1 #a Species Signal type (Mz) (kHz) at 1 m) References . Bearded seal song 0.02-6 1-2 - Ray et al. 1969; Stirling et al. 1983 Ribbon seal frequency sweeps 0.1-7.1 - 160 Watkins and Ray 1977 (estimated) W IU w I Z cn Ringed seal barks, clicks, yelps 0.4-16 < 5 - Stirling 1973; Cumnings et al. 1984 4= Ln Y - Beier and Wartzok 1979 V1 Harbor seal soc ia 1 sounds 0.5-3.5 rr and clicks 8-16 12 - Schevill et al. 1963; Cummings and Fish Spotted seal 1971 ; Renouf' et a1 . 1980 I Northern fur clicks, beats - - - Poulter 1968 g seal Steller sea clicks, growls - - - Poulter 1968 lion Schevill et al. 1966 0 clicks 0.4-10 - - Ray and Watkins 1975 Walrus bell tone 0.4-1.2 (JP a c3 (D k Or (0 V1 0 3 CJ % G' 3
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FIG. 3. Q UNDERWATER NOISE SPECTRA
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FIG- 3-12 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF C
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