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Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation Van Wormer, D., E. Berg. 1973, Seismic Evidence for Glacier Motion, Jour. Glaciology 12(65) : 259-265. Venables, U .M. and L .S. Venables. 1957. Mating behavior of the seal Phoca vi tul ina in Shetland . Proc . Zoo1 . Soc . London 128 : 387-396. Voronov, V.A. and I.M. Stosman. 1983. On sound perception in the dolphin Phocoena phocoena. J. Evol. Biochem. Physiol. 18(5) :352-357 (Transl. from Zh. Evol. Biokhim Fiziol. 18(5) :499-506, 1982). Wada, S. 1981. Japanese whaling and whale sighting in the north Pacific 1979 season. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. 31 :783-792. Watkins, W.A. and W.E. Schevill. 1976. Right whale feeding and baleen rattle. J. Mammal. 57:58-66. Watkins, W.A. and G.C. Ray. 1977. Underwater sounds from ribbon seal, Phoca (Histriophoca) fasciata. Fish. Bull. U.S. 75:450-453. Watkins, W.A. and W.E. Schevill. 1977. Sperm whale codas. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62 : 1485- 1490. Watkins, W.A. 1980a. Acgustics and the behavior of sperm whales. p. 283-290 In: R.-G. Busnel and J.F. Fish (eds.), Animal sonar systems. Plenum Press, New York. 1135 p. Watkins, W.A. 1980b. Click sounds from animals at sea. p. 291-297 In: R.-G. Busnel and J.F. Fish (eds.), Animal sonar systems. Plenum Press, New York. 1135 p. Watkins, W.A. 1981. Activities and underwater sounds of fin whales. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. 33:83-117. Watkins, W.A., K.E. Moore and P. Tyack. 1985. Sperm whale acoustic behaviors in the southeast Caribbean. Cetology 49: 1-15. Watkins, W.A., P. Tyack, K.E. Moore and J.E. Bird. 1987. The 20-Hz signals of finback whales (Balaenoptera physalus). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82:1901-1912. Watkins, W.A. 1986. Whale reactions to human activities in Cape Cod waters. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 2(4):251-262. Weaver, C.S., S.D. Malone. 1979, Seismic Evidence for Discrete Glacier Motion at the Rock-Ice Interface, J. Glaciology 23(9) : 171 -184. Weinberg, H. 1985. Generic sonar model, 'NUSC Tech. Doc. 5971D, Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London, CT. var. pg. Wenz, G. 1962. Acoustic Ambient Noise in the Ocean: Spectra and Sources, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34(12): 1936-1956.
Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation White, M.J., Jr., J. Norris, D. Ljungblad, K. Baron and G. di Sciara. 1978. Auditory thresholds of two beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas). Hubbs/Sea World Research Institute Tech. Rep. 78-109 for Naval Ocean Systems Center, San Diego, CA. 35 p. Wilson, Jr., O.B. 1985, Measurements of Acoustic Ambient Noise In Shallow Water Due to Breaking Surf, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 78(1): 190-195. Wilson, O.B., Jr., S.N. Wolf and F. Ingenito. 1985. Measurements of acoustic ambient noise in shallow water due to breaking surf. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 78( 1) :190-195. Winn, H.E. and P.J. Perkins. 1976. Distributions and sounds of the minke whale, with a review of mysticete sounds. Cetology 19:l-12. Winn, H.E., P.J. Perkins and T.C. Poulter. 1970a. Sounds of the humpback whale. p:39-52 In: Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. on Biol. Sonar and Diving Mammals. Stanford Res. Inst., Menlo Park, CA. Winn, H.E., P.J. Perkins and L. Winn. 1970b. Sounds and behavior of the northern bottle-nosed whale. p. 53-59 In: Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. on Biol. Sonar and Diving Mammals. Stanford Res. Inst., Menlo Park, CA. Wolman, A.A. 1978. Humpback whale. p. 47-33 In: D. Haley (ed.), Marine mammals of eastern North Pacific and Arctic waters. Pacific Search Press, Seattle, WA. Wood, F.G. and W.E. Evans. 1980. Adaptiveness and ecology of echolocation in toothed whales. p. 381-425 In: R.-G. Busnel and J.F. Fish (eds.), Animal sonar systems. Plenum Press, New York. 1135 p. Woodward-Clyde Consultants. 1982, Development and Initial Application of . Software for Seismic Exposure Evaluation, Vols. I and 11, Final Report, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, San Francisco, CA for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NGSDC, Boulder, CO. Wiirsig, B., C.W. Clark, E.M. Dorsey, M.A. Fraker and R.S. Payne. 1982. Normal behavior of bowheads. p. 33-143 In: W.J. Richardson (ed.), Behavior, disturbance responses and feeding of bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus in the Beaufort Sea, 1980-81. Chapter by New York 2001. Soc. in Rep. from LGL Ecol. Res. Assoc., Inc., Bryan, TX, for U.S. Bur. Land Manage., Washington, DC. 456 p. NTIS PB86-152170. Wursig, B., E.M. Dorsey, W.J. Richardson, C.W. Clark and R. Payne. 1985. Normal behavior of bowheads, 1980-84. p. 13-88 In: W.J. Richardson (ed.), Behavior, disturbance responses and distribution of bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus in the eastern Beaufort Sea, 1980-84. Rep. by LGL Ecol. Res. Assoc., Inc., Bryan, TX, for U.S. Minerals Manage. Serv., Reston, VA. 306 p. NTIS PB87-124376. Wyrick, R.F. 1954. Observations on the movements of the Pacific gray whale Eschrichtius glaucus (Cope) . J . Mammal. 35 :596-598.
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H BOWERS BAW I ALEUTIAN ARC 3 STGEC
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A BEAUFORT SEA B U WCH SEA CHOPEaAS
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Report No. 6945 L 1 A. Baird's Beak
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FIG. 3.2 NOISE SPECTRA IN SHALLOW W
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Adapted From K.H. Jacob (1986) Cali
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FIG. 3.8 ESTIMATED OVERALL SOUND LE
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FIG. 3. Q UNDERWATER NOISE SPECTRA
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FIG- 3.1 1 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF
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FIG- 3-12 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF C
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FIG. 3.14 REPRESENTATIVE SHIPS AND
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FIG. 3-18 REPRESENTATIVE CULTURAL S
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FIG. 4.1 CORRECTION TO 300 M REFERE
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FIG. 4.1 1 AIR TO SHALLOW WATER SOU
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