Analysis and Ranking of the Acoustic Disturbance Potential of ...

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Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation Pitcher, K.W. and D.G. Calkins. 1979. Biology of the harbor.sea1, Phoca vitulina richardsi,, in the Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Dept. Comm., NOAA, OCSEAP Final Rep. 19 :23 1-3 10. NTIS PB85-200939. Popov, V.V., T.F. Ladygina and A. Ya. Supin. 1986. Evoked potentials of the auditory cortex of the porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. J. Comp. Physiol. A 158(5) :705-711. Popper, A.N. 1980. Sound emission and detection by delphinids. p. 1-52 In: L.M. Herman (ed.), Cetacean behavior: mechanisms and functions. Wiley- Interscience, New York. 463 p. Poulter, T.C. 1968. Underwater vocalization and behavior of pinnipeds. p. 69- 84 In: R.J. Harrison, R.C. Hubbard, R.S. Peterson, C.E. Rice and R.J. Schusterman (eds.), The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Appleton- Century-Crofts, New York. 4 1 1 p. Pryor, K. 1986. Non-acoustic communicative behavior of the great whales: origins, comparisons and implications for management. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. (Spec. Iss. 3):89-96. Ray, G.C., W.A. Watkins and J.J. Burns. 1969. The underwater song of Erignathus (bearded seal). Zoologica 54:79-83. Ray, G.C. and W.A. Watkins. 1975. Social function of underwater sounds in the walrus Odobenus rosmarus. Rapp. P.-v. R6un. Cons. int. Explor. Mer 169~524-526. , Reed, R.K., J.D. Schumacher. 1986, Physical Oceanography, &: Hood, D.W., S.T. Zimmerman (eds.) The Gulf of Alaska: Physical Environment and Biological Resources, OCS Study MMS-86-0095, U.S. Dept. Commerce, NOAA, U.S. Dept. of the Interior (MMS). 655p. Renouf, D. 1980. Masked hearing thresholds of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in air. J. Aud. Res. 20(4) :263-269. Renouf, D., G. Galway and L. Gaborko. 1980. Evidence for echolocation in harbour seals. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 60: 1039-1042. Renouf , D. 1984. The vocalization of the harbor seal pup (Phoca vi tulina) and its role in the maintenance of contact with the mother. J. Zool. 202:583- 590. Repenning, C.A. 1972. Underwater hearing in seals: functional morphology. p. 307-331 In: R.J. Harrison (ed.), Functional anatomy of marine mammals, Vol. 1. Academic Press, London. Rice, D.W. 1978a. Blue whale. p. 30-45 In: D. Haley (ed.), Marine mammals of eastern North Pacific and Arctic waters. Pacific Search Press, Seattle, WA.
Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation Rice, D. W. 1978b. Sperm whale. p. 82-87 In : D. Haley (ed . ) , Marine mammals of eastern North Pacific and Arctic waters. Pacific Search Press, Seattle, WA. Rice, D.W. 1978~. Beaked whales. p.. 88-95 In: D. Haley (ed.), Marine mammals of eastern North Pacific and Arctic waters. Pacific Search Press, Seattle, WA. Rice, D.W. and A.A. Wolman. 1982. Whale census in the Gulf of Alaska, June- August 1980. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. 32:491-498. Richardson, W.J. (ed.). 1987. Importance of the Eastern Alaskan Beaufort Sea to feeding bowhead whales, 1985-86. OCS Study MMS 87-0037. Rep. from LGL Ecol. Res. Assoc., Inc., Bryan, TX, for U.S. Minerals Management Serv., Reston, VA. 547 p. Richardson, W.J., C.R. Greene, J.P. Hickie and R.A. Davis. 1983. Effects of offshore petroleum operations on cold water marine mammals. A literature review. API Rep. No. 4370. Am. Petrol. Inst., Washington, DC. 248 p. Richardson, W.J., M.A. Fraker, B. Wiirsig and R.S. Wells. 1985a. Behaviour of bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus summering in the Beaufort Sea: reactions to industrial activities. Biol. Conserv. 32(3):195-230. Richardson, W.J., R.S. Wells and B. Wursig. 1985b. Disturbance responses of bowheads, 1980-84. p. 89-196 In: W.J. Richardson (ed.), Behavior, disturbance responses and distribution of bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus in the eastern Beaufort Sea, 1980-84. OCS Study MMS 85-0034. Rep. from LGL Ecol. Res. Assoc., Inc., Bryan, TX, for U.S. Minerals Manage. Serv. , Reston, VA. 306 p . NTIS PB87- 124376. Richardson, W. J. , B. Wursig and C. R. Greene, Jr . 1986. Reactions of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, to seismic exploration in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79(4):1117-1128. Richardson, W. J., C.R. Greene, J.P. Hickie, R.A. Davis and D.H. Thomson. 1989. Effects of offshore petroleum operations on cold water marine mammals: A literature review. 2nd edition. Rep. from LGL Ltd., King City, Ont., for Am. Petrol. Inst., Washington, DC. 385 p. Richardson, W.J., B. Wursig and C.R. Greene, Jr. MS. Reactions of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, to drilling and dredging noise in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Submitted. Richter, C. F. 1958, Elementary Seismology, W .H. Freeman Co. , San Francisco, CA. Ridgway, S.H., T.H. Bullock, D:A. Carder, R.L. Seeley, D. Woods and R. Galambos. 1981. Auditory brainstem response in dolphins. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S. 78(3):1943-1947.
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Report No. 6945 BBN Systems and Tec
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FIG. 3.2 NOISE SPECTRA IN SHALLOW W
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Adapted From K.H. Jacob (1986) Cali
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FIG. 3.8 ESTIMATED OVERALL SOUND LE
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FIG. 3. Q UNDERWATER NOISE SPECTRA
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FIG- 3.1 1 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF
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FIG- 3-12 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF C
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FIG. 3.14 REPRESENTATIVE SHIPS AND
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FIG. 3-18 REPRESENTATIVE CULTURAL S
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FIG. 4.1 CORRECTION TO 300 M REFERE
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FIG. 4.1 1 AIR TO SHALLOW WATER SOU
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