BSEP116B Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea - Helcom

More documents

Recommendations

Info

174 Noer, H., Clausager, I., Asferg, T. (1995). The bag of Eider Somateria mollissima in Denmark 1958-1990. Danish Review of Game Biology 14: 1-24. Nordfeldt, S. (2007). Båtbottenfärger i Sörmländska naturhamnar och småbåtshamnar - organiska tennföreningar, koppar, zink, zinkpyrition och irgarol i ytsediment. Report No. 2007: 11. Länsstyrelsen i Södermanlands län. [In Swedish] Norkko, A., Laakkonen, T., Laine, A. (2007). Trends in soft-sediment macrozoobenthic communities in the open sea areas of the Baltic Sea. In: Olsonen, R. (ed). MERI 59: 59-65. Nowacek, D.P., Thorne, L.H., Johnston, D.J., Tyack, P.L. (2007). Responses of cetaceans to anthropogenic noise. Mammal Review 37:81-115. NRC (2003). Ocean noise and marine mammals, National Research Council, Washington D.C. Nützel, B. (2008). Untersuchungen zum Schutz von Schweinswalen vor Schockwellen. Technical report TB 2008-7. Forschungsanstalt der Bundeswehr für Wasserschall und Geophysik (FWG), Kiel, Germany. pp 18. Nygård, C.A., Ekelund, N.G.A. (2006). Photosynthesis and UV-B tolerance of the marine alga Fucus vesiculosus at different sea water salinities. Journal of Applied Phycology 18: 461-467. Nygård T., Frantzen, B., Švažas, S. (1995). Steller’s Eiders Polysticta stelleri wintering in Europe: numbers, distribution and origin. Wildfowl 46: 140–155. Nyström, M. (2006). Redundancy and response diversity of functional groups: implications for the resilience of coral reefs. Ambio 35: 30-35. Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Galil, B.S. (2004). A uniform terminology on bioinvasions: a chimera or an operative tool? Marine Pollution Bulletin 49: 688-694. OECD (1993). OECD core set of indicators for environmental performance reviews -A synthesis report by the Group on the State of the Environment. OCDE/GD(93)179. Environment Monographs No 83. 39 pp. Available at: http://www.ens.gu.edu. au/AES1161/Topic1/Images/gd93179.pdf (viewed May 2009) Ojaveer, E. (1995). Cyclostomes, fishes and fisheries. In: E. Ojaveer (ed). Ecosystem of the Gulf of Riga between 1920 and 1990. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn. pp 212–267. Ojaveer, H., Leppäkoski, E., Olenin, S., Ricciardi, A. (2002). Ecological impact of Ponto-Caspian invaders in the Baltic Sea, European inland waters and the Great Lakes: an inter-ecosystem comparison. In: Leppäkoski, E., Gollasch, S., Olenin, S. (eds). Invasive Aquatic Species of Europe. Distribution, Impacts and Management. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp 412-425. Olenin, S., Daunys, D. (2004). Coastal typology based on benthic biotope and community data: The Lithuanian case study. In: Schernewski G., Wielgat M. (eds). Baltic Sea Typology. Olenin, S., Daunys, D., Dauniene, E. (2008). Baltic Sea Alien Species Database. Accessible at: http://www. corpi.ku.lt/nemo/ (viewed 7 May 2009) OSPAR (2006). OSPAR Case Reports for the Initial List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats in the OSPAR Maritime Area. Publication No. 276. pp 125-128. Available at: http://www.ospar.org/ eng/html/welcome.html (viewed 7 May 2009) OSPAR (2007). Background document to support the assessment of whether the OSPAR Network of Marine Protected Areas is ecologically coherent. Publication Number: 320/2007. 54 pp. Österblom, H., Hansson, S., Larsson, U., Hjerne, O., Wulff, F., R. E., Folke, C. (2007). Human-induced trophic cascades and ecological regime shifts in the Baltic Sea. Ecosystems 10: 877-889. Östman, M., Rönnberg, O. (1991). Effects of ships waves on rock-pools in the Åland archipelago, northern Baltic Sea. Sarsia 76: 125-132. Paaver, T. (1997). Atlandi tuur - Eesti haruldasim kala. EESTI Loodus Separaat. pp 191-224. Paaver, T. (1999). Historic and recent records of native and exotic sturgeon species in Estonia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15: 129-132. Paavola, M., Olenin, S., Leppäkoski, E. (2005). Are invasive species most successful in habitats of low native species richness across European brackish water seas? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 64: 738-750. Pace, M.L., Cole, J.J., Carpenter, S.R., Kitchell, J.F. (1999). Trophic cascades revealed in diverse ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14: 483-488. Palmé, A., Laikre, L. and Ryman, N. (2004). Population genetics of harbour porpoise in Swedish waters – a literature review. Naturvårdsverket rapport 5419. Palumbi, S.R. (2003). Population genetics, demographic connectivity, and the design of marine reserves. Ecological Applications 13 Suppl: 146-158. Pekkari, S. (1956). Notes on aquatic vegetation (the northeast corner). Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 50: 209-214. Perttilä, M. (2008). Changes in pH and hydrographic parameters in the Baltic Sea. 2nd Iternational Symposium on the Ocean in a High CO 2 World, Monaco 6.-9.10.2008 (Poster presentation). Perus, J., Bonsdorff, E. (2004). Long-term changes in macrozoobenthos in the Åland archipelago, northern Baltic Sea. Journal of Sea Research 52: 45-56. Piekäinen, H., Korpinen, S. (eds), Andersson, Å, Liman, A.-S. (2008). Towards an Assessment of ecological coherence of the marine protected areas network in the Baltic Sea region. BALANCE Interim Report No. 25. Available at: http://www. balance-eu.org/ (viewed 7 May 2009) Pilats, V. (1989). Seal distribution and seal-fishery interactions in the east Baltic. NNA-Berichte 2/2: 107–114. Possingham, H.P., Ball, I., Andelman, S. (2000). Mathematical methods for identifying representative reserve networks. In: S. Ferson & M. Burgman (eds).
Quantitative methods for conservation biology. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp 291-305. Available at: http://www.uq.edu.au/marxan/ (viewed 7 May 2009) Postel, L. (2005). Habitat layer extension and the occurrence of dominant calanoid copepods in the Baltic Sea. HELCOM Indicator Fact Sheets 2005. Available at: http://www.helcom.fi/environment2/ifs/archive/ifs2005/en_GB/cover/ (viewed 7 May 2009) Postel, L., Behrends, G., Olsonen, R. (1996). Overall assessment. Pelagic biology. Zooplankton. pp. 215–222. In: HELCOM, Third periodic assessment of the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea, 1989–1993; Background document. Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 64B. Helsinki Commission, Helsinki. 252 pp. Available at: http://www.helcom.fi/publications/bsep/en_GB/ bseplist/ (7 May 2009) Prins, T.C., Twisk, F., van den Heuvel-Greve, M.J., Troost, T.A., van Beek, J.K.L. (2008). Development of a framework for Appropriate Assessments of Dutch offshore wind farms. A report commissioned by Waterdienst, Rijkswaterstaat, Netherlands. Ptacnik, R., Solimini, A.G., Andersen, T., Tamminen, T., Brettum, P., Lepisto, L., Willén, E., Rekolainen, S. (2008). Diversity predicts stability and resource use efficiencyin natural phytoplankton communities. PNAS 105: 5134-5138. Räisänen, J., Hansson, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R., Graham, L.P., Jones, C., Meier, M., Samuelsson, P., Willen, U. (2004). European climate in the late 21st century: Regional simulations with two driving global models and two forcing scenarios. Climate Dynamics 22: 13-31. Rajasilta, M., Mankki, J., Ranta-aho, K., Vuorinen, I. (1999). Littoral fish communities in the Archipelago Sea, SW Finland: a preliminary study of changes over 20 years. Hydrobiologia 393: 253-260. Ranke, W., Rappe, C., Soler, T. (eds) (1999). Baltic Salmon Rivers - status in the late 1990s as reported by the countries in the Baltic Region. IBSFC, HELCOM, ICES, The Swedish Environment Protection Agency & Swedish National Board of Fisheries. 69 pp. ISBN 91-972770-3-7. Reise, K., Olenin, S., Thieltges, D.W. (2006). Are aliens threatening European aquatic coastal ecosystems? Helgoland Marine Research 60: 77–83. Remane, A. (1934). Die Brackwasserfauna. Verh. dt. zool. Ges. 7: 34–74. Repečka, R. (2003). The species composition of the ichthyofauna in the Lithuanian economic zone of the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon and its changes in recent years. Acta Zoologica Lituanica 13: 149–157. Reusch, T.B.H., Boström, C., Stam, W.T., Olsen, J.L. (1999). An ancient seagrass clone in the Baltic. Marine Ecology Progress Series 183: 301-304. Roff, J.C., Taylor, M.E. (2000). National frameworks for marine conservation – hierarchal geophysical approach. Aquatic Conservation: Marine Freshwater Ecosystems 10: 209-223. Rönkkönen, S., Ojaveer, E., Raid, T., Viitasalo, M. (2004). Long-term changes in Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) growth in the Gulf of Finland. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61: 219-229. Rönnbäck, P., Kautsky, N., Pihl, L., Troell, M., Söderqvist, T., Wennhage, H. (2007). Ecosystem goods and services from Swedish coastal habitats: Identification, valuation, and implications of ecosystem shifts. Ambio 36: 534-544. Routti, H., Nyman, M., Jenssen, B.M., Bäckman, C., Koistinen, J., Gabrielsen, G.W. (2008). Bonerelated effects of contaminants in seals may be associated with vitamin D and thyroid hormones. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 27: 873–880. Rubsch & Kock (2004). German part-time fishermen in the Baltic Sea and their by-catch of harbour porpoise. ASCOBAN Document AC11/Doc. 10(P). Available at: http://www.service-board.de/ascobans_neu/ files/ac11-10.pdf (viewed 7 May 2009). Rumohr, H., Bonsdorff, E., Pearson, T.H. (1996). Zoobenthic succession in Baltic sedimentary habitats. Archive of Fishery and Marine Research 44: 179- 214. Rumohr, H., Krost, P. (1991). Experimental evidence of damage to benthos by bottom trawling with special reference to Arctica islandica. Meeresforschungen 33: 340–345. Sabine, C.L., Feely, R.A., Gruber, N., Key, R.M., Lee, K., Bullister, J.L.,Wanninkhof, R.,Wong, C.S.,Wallace, D.W.R., Tilbrook, B., Millero, F.J., Peng,T-H., Kozyr,A., Ono, T., Rios, A.F. (2004). The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO 2 . Science 305: 367- 371. Salm, R.V., Clark J.R., Siirilä, E. (2000). Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A guide for planners and managers. IUCN. Washington DC. XXI + 371pp. Sandström, A., Eriksson, B.K., Karås, P., Isæus, M., Schreiber, H. (2005). Boating and Navigation Activities Influence the Recruitment of Fish in a Baltic Sea Archipelago Area. Ambio 34: 125-130. Savchuk, O.P., Wulff, F., Hille, S., Humborg C., Pollehne, F. (2008). The Baltic Sea a century ago — a reconstruction from model simulations, verified by observations. Journal of Marine Systems. (advance access) doi:10.1016/j. jmarsys.2008.03.008. SCANS-II (2008). Small Cetaceans in the European Atlantic and North Sea. Final Report to the European Commission under project LIFE04NAT/ GB/000245 (under review). Available from SMRU, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, UK. SCB (2004). Båtlivsundersökningen 2004, en undersökning om svenska fritidsbåtar, och hur de används. Statistiska Centralbyrån. [In Swedish] 175
Page 1:
Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings
Page 4 and 5:
Published by: Helsinki Commission K
Page 6 and 7:
TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . . . . .
Page 8 and 9:
6.6 Hazardous substances . . . . .
Page 10 and 11:
1 INTRODUCTION 8 1.1 An integrated
Page 12 and 13:
Box 1.1. Biodiversity The term biod
Page 14 and 15:
of saline water from the North Sea
Page 16 and 17:
14 On a global scale, marine ecosys
Page 18 and 19:
Box 1.2. Regime shifts in the Balti
Page 20 and 21:
2 MARINE LANDSCAPES AND HABITATS 18
Page 22 and 23:
From an ecological point of view, a
Page 24 and 25:
Box 2.1.2. The Baltic marine landsc
Page 26 and 27:
• A coherent data set on benthic
Page 28 and 29:
Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Lat
Page 30 and 31:
Mud-sandflat, Greifswald Lagoon, Ge
Page 32 and 33:
3 COMMUNITIES Communities are assem
Page 34 and 35:
32 Spring bloom index 1200 1000 800
Page 36 and 37:
34 Unusual events and new species i
Page 38 and 39:
36 Depth limit (m) the Gulf of Both
Page 40 and 41:
Number of species 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
Page 42 and 43:
Figure 3.2.7. Left panel shows pred
Page 44 and 45:
Implications for the Baltic Sea Act
Page 46 and 47:
Biomass (wet weight, mg per m 2 ) B
Page 48 and 49:
the other hand, is not selected by
Page 50 and 51:
iomass can be used to assess enviro
Page 52 and 53:
Average number of species 20 15 10
Page 54 and 55:
52 Macoma baltica where the influen
Page 56 and 57:
the total BT identified for each ma
Page 58 and 59:
Recruitment (thousands) 8000000 700
Page 60 and 61:
Alien species Several alien fish sp
Page 62 and 63:
4 SPECIES The number of species in
Page 64 and 65:
Table 4.1.1. Results of dedicated a
Page 66 and 67:
Number of stranded porpoises 180 16
Page 68 and 69:
is recommended to survey harbour po
Page 70 and 71:
Number of individuals 12000 10000 8
Page 72 and 73:
Mean blubber thickness (mm) 40 35 3
Page 74 and 75:
Breeding pairs 60000 50000 40000 30
Page 76 and 77:
predation on nests and nesting adul
Page 78 and 79:
sites outside the Baltic, decreased
Page 80 and 81:
Table 4.3.1. Development of the pop
Page 82 and 83:
80 Number of breeding pairs 3000 25
Page 84 and 85:
The strategic goal of the BSAP to h
Page 86 and 87:
for a given site or area. The secon
Page 88 and 89:
Mussel bed reef community, Jasmund,
Page 90 and 91:
Table 5.3. Assessment results of th
Page 92 and 93:
Aerial photo of harbours seals (Pho
Page 94 and 95:
6 HUMAN PRESSURES ON BIODIVERSITY A
Page 96 and 97:
Table 6.1.1. Catch range during the
Page 98 and 99:
Baltic herring trawling, Bothnian B
Page 100 and 101:
6.1.3 Major international framework
Page 102 and 103:
100 Oil turnover (millions of tonne
Page 104 and 105:
NOx emissions and sewage Macrophyte
Page 106 and 107:
Communication links There are a num
Page 108 and 109:
Figure 6.3.3. Left: concrete-stone
Page 110 and 111:
ecommendations would contribute to
Page 112 and 113:
Tourist fishing 110 cial fishery fo
Page 114 and 115:
112 Figure 6.5.1. Integrated classi
Page 116 and 117:
can be considered as having been a
Page 118 and 119:
Although no direct, dramatic mass m
Page 120 and 121:
Bearing in mind the complex hydrogr
Page 122 and 123:
Box 6.7.1. Invasion status of the B
Page 124 and 125:
Table 6.7.1. Examples of ecological
Page 126 and 127: munities that formerly consisted of
Page 128 and 129: 6.8.2 Activities generating noise i
Page 130 and 131: 128 and fish in the Baltic Sea area
Page 132 and 133: 800 700 600 bag of the two German B
Page 134 and 135: Fish swarm on kelp (Laminaria sp.)
Page 136 and 137: tion of ice cover, either through r
Page 138 and 139: 7 STATUS OF THE NETWORK OF MARINE A
Page 140 and 141: Box 7.1. Natura 2000 network of pro
Page 142 and 143: 25 20 on how the criteria on ecolog
Page 144 and 145: estrial, nearshore marine, and offs
Page 146 and 147: 144 >30 psu 18-30 psu 11-18 psu 7.5
Page 148 and 149: Permission needed Restricted Forbid
Page 150 and 151: Figure 7.8.a. MARXAN ’best portfo
Page 152 and 153: The BSPA network is relatively well
Page 154 and 155: Mammals. Among the mammals, the pop
Page 156 and 157: 154 taxonomic groups and communitie
Page 158 and 159: 156 provided by an ecosystem. Use o
Page 160 and 161: 158 Reduction of human pressures Wh
Page 162 and 163: 160 fishing on fish population dyna
Page 164 and 165: 162 Baden, S., Boström, C. (2001).
Page 166 and 167: 164 Season 2001-2002. Acta Zoologic
Page 168 and 169: 166 Gasiūnaitė, Z.R., Cardoso, A.
Page 170 and 171: 168 HELCOM & OSPAR (2003): Joint HE
Page 172 and 173: 170 ICES (2008c). Report of the Bal
Page 174 and 175: 172 area: density-dependent effects
Page 178 and 179: 176 Scheffer M., Carpenter S.R., Fo
Page 180 and 181: 178 by passive acoustic monitoring.
Page 182 and 183: 180 Warzaw, Poland Vilhunen, Jarmo,
Page 184 and 185: 182 6.7 Alien speices Authors: Lepp
Page 186 and 187: ANNEX III: CONSERVATION STATUS OF T
Page 188 and 189: ANNEX IV: HABITAT OR SPECIES DISTRI
Page 190: ANNEX V: STATUS OF BREEDING AND WIN
show all

BSEP116B Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea - Helcom

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?