BSEP116B Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea - Helcom

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ANNEX V: STATUS OF BREEDING AND WINTERING BIRD SPECIES IN THE BALTIC SEA SUB-BASINS Breeding birds Area name (1) Sandwich tern (bp 2007) (2) Cormorant (bp 2006/2007) (3) Barnacle goose (2007) Dunlin (2007) Bothnian Bay and Bothnian Sea - 6 100 2 000 50–60 Archipelago and Åland Seas - 3 600 1–5 Gulf of Finland - 6 800 1–5 Northern Baltic Proper and 600–900 26 000 70 200–250 Gulf of Riga Western Gotland Basin 30 16 100 5,300 50–80 Southern Baltic Proper, eastern parts 400 29 000 - 0–5 Southern Baltic Proper, western parts 160 11 800 ?? 0 Arkona Sea (including German, 700 11 000 ?? 7–8 Swedish and Danish coastal waters) Western Baltic (Belt Sea and Sound) 1 130 30 000 20–25 40–50 Kattegat 1 170 14 300 ?? 180–200 1) The areas refer to HELCOM sub-basins shown in Figure 6.5.1. 2) bp = breeding pairs. 3) Cormorant: including inland breeding pairs, but excluding Danish and German North Sea. Wintering birds Area name Long-tailed duck (1988–1993) (4) Razorbill (1988–1993) Eider (1988–1993) Steller’s eider (2000–2007) Bothnian Bay and Bothnian Sea - - - - Archipelago and Åland Seas 0.14 % (6 000) - - 50–100 Gulf of Finland 0.62 % (26 500) - - - Northern Baltic proper and Gulf of 23.4 % (1 Million) 2 800 - 1 100–2 300 Riga Western Gotland Basin 35.1 % (1.5 Million) 11 000 600 50–100 Southern Baltic Proper, eastern parts 0.47 % (20 000) 2 000 150 100–900 Southern Baltic Proper, western parts 28.1 % (1.2 Million) 8 500 24 000 10 Arkona Sea (including German, 4.7 % (200 000) - 3 000 - Swedish and Danish coastal waters) Western Baltic (Belt Sea and Sound) 2.8 % (120 000) 1 200 580 000 - Kattegat 0.33 % (14 000) 132 000 450 000 - 4) Proportion (%) per sub-basin and number of individuals (in brackets). Note: For long-tailed duck, eider and razorbill, Baltic-wide data are only available from Durinck et al. (1994). Numbers have changed since then (e.g., declining wintering populations of eider and long-tailed ducks), but the importance of the different wintering sites is still the same. 188
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Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings
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Published by: Helsinki Commission K
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . . . . .
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6.6 Hazardous substances . . . . .
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1 INTRODUCTION 8 1.1 An integrated
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Box 1.1. Biodiversity The term biod
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of saline water from the North Sea
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14 On a global scale, marine ecosys
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Box 1.2. Regime shifts in the Balti
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2 MARINE LANDSCAPES AND HABITATS 18
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From an ecological point of view, a
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Box 2.1.2. The Baltic marine landsc
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• A coherent data set on benthic
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Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Lat
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Mud-sandflat, Greifswald Lagoon, Ge
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3 COMMUNITIES Communities are assem
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32 Spring bloom index 1200 1000 800
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34 Unusual events and new species i
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36 Depth limit (m) the Gulf of Both
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Number of species 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
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Figure 3.2.7. Left panel shows pred
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Implications for the Baltic Sea Act
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Biomass (wet weight, mg per m 2 ) B
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the other hand, is not selected by
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iomass can be used to assess enviro
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Average number of species 20 15 10
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52 Macoma baltica where the influen
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the total BT identified for each ma
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Recruitment (thousands) 8000000 700
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Alien species Several alien fish sp
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4 SPECIES The number of species in
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Table 4.1.1. Results of dedicated a
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Number of stranded porpoises 180 16
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is recommended to survey harbour po
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Number of individuals 12000 10000 8
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Mean blubber thickness (mm) 40 35 3
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Breeding pairs 60000 50000 40000 30
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predation on nests and nesting adul
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sites outside the Baltic, decreased
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Table 4.3.1. Development of the pop
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80 Number of breeding pairs 3000 25
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The strategic goal of the BSAP to h
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for a given site or area. The secon
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Mussel bed reef community, Jasmund,
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Table 5.3. Assessment results of th
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Aerial photo of harbours seals (Pho
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6 HUMAN PRESSURES ON BIODIVERSITY A
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Table 6.1.1. Catch range during the
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Baltic herring trawling, Bothnian B
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6.1.3 Major international framework
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100 Oil turnover (millions of tonne
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NOx emissions and sewage Macrophyte
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Communication links There are a num
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Figure 6.3.3. Left: concrete-stone
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ecommendations would contribute to
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Tourist fishing 110 cial fishery fo
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112 Figure 6.5.1. Integrated classi
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can be considered as having been a
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Although no direct, dramatic mass m
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Bearing in mind the complex hydrogr
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Box 6.7.1. Invasion status of the B
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Table 6.7.1. Examples of ecological
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munities that formerly consisted of
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6.8.2 Activities generating noise i
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128 and fish in the Baltic Sea area
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800 700 600 bag of the two German B
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Fish swarm on kelp (Laminaria sp.)
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tion of ice cover, either through r
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7 STATUS OF THE NETWORK OF MARINE A
Page 140 and 141: Box 7.1. Natura 2000 network of pro
Page 142 and 143: 25 20 on how the criteria on ecolog
Page 144 and 145: estrial, nearshore marine, and offs
Page 146 and 147: 144 >30 psu 18-30 psu 11-18 psu 7.5
Page 148 and 149: Permission needed Restricted Forbid
Page 150 and 151: Figure 7.8.a. MARXAN ’best portfo
Page 152 and 153: The BSPA network is relatively well
Page 154 and 155: Mammals. Among the mammals, the pop
Page 156 and 157: 154 taxonomic groups and communitie
Page 158 and 159: 156 provided by an ecosystem. Use o
Page 160 and 161: 158 Reduction of human pressures Wh
Page 162 and 163: 160 fishing on fish population dyna
Page 164 and 165: 162 Baden, S., Boström, C. (2001).
Page 166 and 167: 164 Season 2001-2002. Acta Zoologic
Page 168 and 169: 166 Gasiūnaitė, Z.R., Cardoso, A.
Page 170 and 171: 168 HELCOM & OSPAR (2003): Joint HE
Page 172 and 173: 170 ICES (2008c). Report of the Bal
Page 174 and 175: 172 area: density-dependent effects
Page 176 and 177: 174 Noer, H., Clausager, I., Asferg
Page 178 and 179: 176 Scheffer M., Carpenter S.R., Fo
Page 180 and 181: 178 by passive acoustic monitoring.
Page 182 and 183: 180 Warzaw, Poland Vilhunen, Jarmo,
Page 184 and 185: 182 6.7 Alien speices Authors: Lepp
Page 186 and 187: ANNEX III: CONSERVATION STATUS OF T
Page 188 and 189: ANNEX IV: HABITAT OR SPECIES DISTRI
Page 192: www.helcom.fi
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BSEP116B Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea - Helcom

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