NEW_Accomplishments.indd - IRIS
NEW_Accomplishments.indd - IRIS
NEW_Accomplishments.indd - IRIS
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
2006 <strong>IRIS</strong> 5-YEAR PROPOSAL EARTHQUAKES<br />
Exploring Subduction Zone Earthquake Rupture<br />
Susan L. Bilek • New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology<br />
Thorne Lay • University of California, Santa Cruz<br />
Larry J. Ruff • University of Michigan<br />
Subduction zone earthquakes generate significant amounts of moment in great earthquakes, such as the 2004 Mw 9.0 Sumatra-Andaman<br />
event. In addition, events such as these can have tragic results, as ground shaking and tsunami can results in<br />
large numbers of casualties. We need to increase our understanding of subduction zone earthquake proceses and the important<br />
tectonic conditions that can lead to the devastating events. Some of our research has explored the rupture characteristics of<br />
subduction zone earthquakes, both large and small magnitude, to understand variable rupture and tsunami earthquake occurrence.<br />
For example, tsunami earthquakes such as the 1992 Nicaragua event can be very devastating, and models sugggest<br />
shallow rupture (up to the trench in some cases) though low-rigidity materials can produce the observed tsunami data. Using<br />
seismic waveforms obtained through <strong>IRIS</strong>, we have examined rupture processes of hundreds of earthquakes in 14 global subduction<br />
zones to find a depth-dependent behavior of rupture characteristics. These results, summarized below, suggest a depth<br />
dependence of frictional properties along the megathrust, which may impact tsunami earthquake generation. Indeed, these<br />
results suggest heterogeneous conditions along the megathrust, but that shallow portions of the fault may contain patches of<br />
conditionally stable material, as suggested by tsunami models.<br />
Bilek, S.L., Lay, T., and Ruff, L.J., J. Geophys. Res., 109, B09308, doi:10.1029/2004JB003039, 2004.<br />
Bilek, S.L. and Lay, T., Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1673, doi:10.1029/2002GL015215, 2002<br />
29