INDIAN FAMINES - Institute for Social and Economic Change

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RECENT FAMINES. 51 vince and over part of the Punjab. From this famine onwards, we are, compared with bygone chronicles, met by a whole literature, as it were, devoted to famine-lore, in the shape of official reports and other treatises. The difficulty now is to make our choice in this embarras cU richesse, to condense our materials into a shape and dimensions appropriate to this work With the last chapter we have discarded all description of revolting scenes during famine times, and have ceased to depict the straits to which the people are put to for want of food. I have also promised to endeavour to avoid the rtpetition of details given in connection with previous famines. But the famine of 1837-38 exhibits almost all the new features peculiar to our improved system of dealing with these disasters; it has left us, however, a perfect mine of wealth, in the shape of records from which we may obtain our information. But this wealth consists principally of minute details, and leads us step by step through the various stages, as well as through the different affected localities. Such information, of course, would be uninteresting to the general reader,
52 RECENT FAMINES. and is only of nse to those whose object or duty it is to be cognisant of it. In studying these details, one of the first points which strikes the attention is tIle unusual early note of alarm that was sounded by the Government. This was no doubt the result of experience, because in many previous famines it was known that indifferent years had preceded that of absolute famine; and having this warning, together with a present great deficiency of rain to add to the alarm, it was of course natural to predict the worst. In the North -Western Province - in fact, throughout Upper India generally-" the rains" are looked for at any time within ten days of the middle of June. The 15th of June is looked upon as the normal day for their" setting in ;" and should they hold off' till the 25th, they are considered" late." There is no wonder, then, when up to the 13th July "scarcely a drop ofrain had fallen in the Doab," * that the prospects should have been considered alarming. The Lieutenant-Governor, therefore, on the 18th July, wrote a long memorandum to all Com- • See Dote, page 11.
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INDIAN FAMINES THEIR lllSTORICAL, F
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vi PREFACE. their opinion, or enabl
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viii PREFAOE. nature, and have been
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CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. TRADITIONAL AN
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CONTENTS. xiii prehending the many
Page 11 and 12: COKTE.STS. xv of famine: 1. the pru
Page 13 and 14: 2 TRADITIONAL AND Experience, in fa
Page 15 and 16: TRAlJITIONAL ANlJ by its own Histor
Page 17 and 18: 6 TRADITIONAL ASD changed in any wa
Page 19 and 20: II TRADITIONAL AND information rega
Page 21 and 22: 10 TIUDITIONAL AND advisers informe
Page 23 and 24: 12 TRADITIONAL AND his kingdom unde
Page 25 and 26: 14 TRADITIONAL AND \ overseer recei
Page 27 and 28: 16 TlUDITIO~VAL AN]) under the rule
Page 29 and 30: 18 TRADITIONAL AND "In 1396, the dr
Page 31 and 32: 10 TIUDITIONAL AND it. His father w
Page 33 and 34: 22 TRADITIONAL A.YD the effect on t
Page 35 and 36: 2-1 TRADITIONAL AND reputation in t
Page 37 and 38: 26 TRADITIONAL AND the fact that ot
Page 39 and 40: 28 TRADITIONAL AND As, in 1873, we
Page 41 and 42: so TRADITIONAL AND "The consequence
Page 43 and 44: TRADITIONAL AND But I do not think
Page 45 and 46: 34 TRADITIONAL AND In Northern Indi
Page 47 and 48: 36 TRADITIONAL AND fntermediate fam
Page 49 and 50: 88 TRADITIONAL AND tention to the p
Page 51 and 52: RECENT FAMINES. CHAPTER II. RECENT
Page 53 and 54: 4S RECENT FAMINES. way. But I shall
Page 55 and 56: RECEXT FAMI..YES. 1832. No doubt th
Page 57 and 58: 46 RECENT FAMINES. were not much me
Page 59 and 60: 48 RECENT FAMINES. Government, were
Page 61: 110 RECENT FAMINES. practice which,
Page 65 and 66: RECENT FAMINES. July a beneficent r
Page 67 and 68: 56 REOENT FAMINES. (i. e., high-cas
Page 69 and 70: RECENT FAMINES. notice. To it princ
Page 71 and 72: 60 RECENT FAMINES. pitable shore. T
Page 73 and 74: RECENT FAMINES. "large stores of gr
Page 75 and 76: RECENT FAMTNES. money-should be pro
Page 77 and 78: 66 RECENT FAMINES. clearing obstacl
Page 79 and 80: 68 RECENT FAMINES. ing years was ab
Page 81 and 82: 70 'RECENT FAMINES. effects of fami
Page 83 and 84: 72 RECE.YT FA1lfINES. seed. .A. sec
Page 85 and 86: RECENT FAMINES. little stock of gra
Page 87 and 88: '/'6 RECElfT FA.lfnrES. vest. This
Page 89 and 90: 78 RECENT FAMINES. "Excluding the f
Page 91 and 92: 80 RECENT FAMINES. From the wide ex
Page 93 and 94: 82 RECENT FAMINES. less, their move
Page 95 and 96: 84 FINANCIAL AND OTHER RESlILTS bee
Page 97 and 98: 86 FINANCIAL AND OTHER RESULTS back
Page 99 and 100: 88 FINANCIAL AND OTHER RESULTS nor
Page 101 and 102: OF PAST FAMINES. 91 remarks also ap
Page 103 and 104: OF PAST F4.MINES. as I am aware tha
Page 105 and 106: OF PAST FAMINES. 9& case. The yiew
Page 107 and 108: OF PAST FAM/XES. tion, and of cours
Page 109 and 110: OF PAST FAMINES. lief. It is eviden
Page 111 and 112: OF PAST FAMLVES. 101 spent in so ec
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OF PAST FAMINES. lOS gation project
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OF PAST FAMINES. 105 of affairs, bu
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OF PAST FAMINES. ]07 on the navigab
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OF PAST FAMINES. 1011 elude that we
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A FEW GENERAL'Cl!ITlCIS.lfS. III CH
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.A FEW GENERAL ORITIOISMS. lIS man
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISA/S. 115 pres
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS. 117 perie
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A FEW GENERAL CRlTICIS.lfS. 119 abo
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS. 121 princ
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISJ{S. 123 and
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS. 125 The n
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'A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS, 127 it t
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A FEW GEXERAL CRITICISJ/f!. 129 The
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS. 131 only
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A FEW GENERAL CRITICISMS. 133 all t
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.ADMINISTIUTIVE MANAGEMENT. 135 CHA
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AXD PRESS CIIJTIC[SM. 137 frequentl
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.AND PRESS ORITICISM. 139 bajra, an
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AND PRESS CRITICISJl. 141 consequen
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. U3 guished fro
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AND PRESS ORITIOISM. 145 a period o
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 147 country; a
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 149 do in the
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AND PRESS CRITICIS.l/. 151 this is
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AND PRESS ORITICISM. 153 with respe
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AND PRESS (JRITI(JISJI. 155 first b
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AND PRESS ORITIOISM. 157 expenditur
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AND PRESS CRITICISJf. 159 thropic a
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 161 England's
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AII'D PRESS CRITICISM. 163 main ide
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AXD PRESS CRITICISM. 165 deaths and
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 167 There is s
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 169 paid." Thi
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AND PRESS CRITICISJI. 171 any furth
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AND PRESS CRITICISM, li3 wages, and
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AND PRESS CRITICISM. 175 without th
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AND PRESS ORITICISM. 177 to the ass
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EXECUTIVE !lfANAGEMENT. 179 CHAPTER
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EXEOUTIVE MANAGEMENT. 181 physical
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EXECUTIVE MAlvAGEMENT. 183 could be
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EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT. 185 doubt a c
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EXECUTIVE AlANAGEJIE1'lT. ]87 witho
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EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT. 189 demand an
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EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT. 191 find out
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PREVENTIVE ]'(EASURES. 193 CHAPTER
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MITIGATIVE MEASU~. lP5 the natives
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MITIGATIV"E MEASURES. 197 to be sen
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 199 the same c
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 201 involve th
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MITIG.ATIVE ME.ASURES. 203 relief b
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 205 famine tra
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MITIGATIVE JIEASURES. 207 already i
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 209 We have on
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JIITIGA TIVE MEASURES. 211 therefor
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}!lTIGA TIVE MEASURES. 213 is quite
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 215 canal, par
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 217 face; but
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MITIGATIVE MEASURES. 219 one case w
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221 APPENDIX. NOTES. l India is div
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APPENDIX. 223 Allahabad Central Com
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APPENDIX. Loc.u.rn. AUTHORITY. 1803
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APPENDIX. 227 Col. 5, Note 3.-Note
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APPEKDIX. 229 included the Punjab g
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APPElI'DIX. 231 cent WIIS added to
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~34 1 S No. of I-~amine. Year. I. 1
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236 APPENDIX. vation wages of three
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238 APPENDIX. Salisbury's questions
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240 APPENDIX. NOTE REGARDING THE RA
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2 Messrs BlaekwoIontgamery, and Bri
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JrJ e81rrs BlailnDoorl I< Pu blicat
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