Bangladesh - Belgium

Citizens’ Voice and Accountability Evaluation – Bangladesh Country Case Study
Table of contents
List of tables and figures
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary
Abbreviations and Glossary
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1 Introduction 1
2 Methodology 2
2.1 Analytical approach 2
2.2 Research questions 3
2.3 Case selection process 3
2.4 Methods and instruments 7
3 Context for CVA 8
3.1 Country context 8
3.2 Donor landscape regarding CVA interventions 13
4 Findings 15
4.1 Opportunities, constraints and entry points for CVA 15
4.2 Capacities of state and non-state actors 17
4.3 CVA channels: Actors and mechanisms 23
4.4 Changes in policy, practice, behaviour and power relations 27
4.5 Development Outcomes 31
5 Lessons learned 33
5.1 Channels, mechanisms and processes 33
5.2 Pathways to broader development outcomes 38
5.3 CVA and aid effectiveness 38
6 Recommendations 41
Annexes 44
Annex A. Terms of reference 45
Annex B. Methodology 52
Annex C. Context analysis 61
C.1. Political and institutional framework 61
C.2. Mapping and key features of main actors 67
C.3. Social and political landscape 74
C.4. Recent events that shape opportunities and risks for voice and accountability 78
C.5. Donor Landscape 82
Annex D. Intervention summary sheets 91
D.1. Reaching Out-of-School Children (ROSC) 92
D.2. Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) of the Local Government Engineering
Department (LGED) 98
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