Introduction to Basic Manufacturing Processes and ... - always yours

28 Introduction to Basic Manufacturing Processes and Workshop Technology
safety consciousness. An industrial worker will usually accept the use of a safety measure if
he is convinced of its necessity. Therefore, suitable measures must be adopted to increase the
awareness of a need for safety in the environment of work. Such measures are required in
an industrial organization to develop safety consciousness among workers or other employees.
There should be sufficient display of safety posters and films from time to time to remind
industrial workers to particular hazards/accidents, providing simple and convenient safety
devices, providing time to the worker for setting, removing and replacing any necessary
safety devices. All industrial personnel should be asked from the first day to start working
to adopt safety measures because an unskilled worker should be familiar fully to work safely.
A safety committee should manage regular safety programmes that may hold safety
competitions. Award and prizes are also to be given to the winners for imparting due respect
and recognition to safe workers and create in employees a feeling of pride in safe work. It
should elaborate on the safety theme until all the employees are safety conscious. It must
hold regular safety meetings and stimulates the safety ideas in industrial workers for being
more safety conscious. It must ask the shop supervisor to display all the safety aspects near
the work centre. It should also mail safety information and sufficient literature pertaining to
safety for reading at homes of all the industrial employees. It must welcome all safety
suggestions. It must mark categorically all accident areas. It must conduct safety training
lectures periodically for providing wide publicity to safety aspects for everything including
men, machines and materials
3.3 PLANNING FOR INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
Mis-happening of a large number of fire hazards, accidents, industrial disasters etc., can be
reduced to the minimum possible extent through careful safety planning within an industrial
organization. All these unwanted events can be prevented by effective planning for safety.
Safety consideration includes proper layout of buildings and equipment, such as providing
adequate ventilation, sufficient working area to the operator, clear pathways for movement
of materials and parts, provision for adequate personnel facilities- viz., canteens, lunch rooms,
dispensary, fire fighting services, etc. Careful planning in advance for optimized and safe
layout of design and manufacturing activities for industry ensures industrial safety in the
manufacturing and inventory areas. Incorporating safety considerations well in time are
helpful for the establishment of a new plant as well as an existing plant needing major
alterations. Such considerations lead to adequate safety to men, machine and equipments,
reduction in operational time and increase in production. Several codes and standards for
industrial safety, health and hygiene, fire prevention, etc. have been prescribed by government
and other safety agencies and they should be fully taken care of at the planning and
implementation stages of a plant. A number of important features should be considered and
suitably incorporated planning the layout of a new plant and its buildings for safety. Hoists
and conveyors are commonly used in industries for raising, lowering and transporting loads
for limited distances. A high degree of safety is needed while these equipments are in operation.
During operations of these equipments, one should keep in mind the following important
safety measures.
Material handling and its storage are very common functions in a plant. Material handling
when performed manually the chances of injuries are greater. Therefore the following points
should be taken care for carrying out such tasks. All material handling equipments such as
conveyers, automotive guided vehicles, robots, cranes should carry proper guards for its gears
and other dangerous moving parts to prevent access from these parts during operation. All