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Split between Supply and User Industries: As discussed, Computing Professionals work for employers in both supplier (IS Industry) and user organisations. However this split varies between countries. Figure 12 IS Industry Share of Computing Professional Employment (Source: Eurostat Holdings of Member State LFS Quarter 2 data) Percent of total C.P. Employment within IS (Supply) Sector 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Year Germany Ireland Sweden U.K. As can be seen, the supply sector in all four countries now holds more than half the employment of Computing Professionals, with Ireland and Sweden holding over 70%. (Where IT Managers, Computer Operators and Installation and Maintenance Engineers are included in the UK, the fraction is lower, but the trend has been for steady growth, influenced considerably by “acquisition” of these occupations arising from increases in outsourcing contracts. Thus the recent percentage fall in Ireland and the UK is perhaps surprising). 60 | C E P I S I.T. PRACTITIONER SKILLS IN EUROPE | Section 4
Highest Academic Achievement of Computing Professionals: Each country’s Labour Force Survey involves a question asking the respondent what was the “highest level of education (or training) successfully completed”. Responses are given in terms of the relevant national qualification framework, and these are “translated” to the corresponding level of the classification used for Eurostat. The International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system attempts to identify levels of academic qualification or achievement internationally. The ISCED level definitions are shown below. L Description 0 Education preceding the first level (pre-primary) 1 Education at the first level (primary) 2 Education at the lower secondary level 3 Education at the upper secondary level 5 Education at the tertiary level, first stage 6 Education at the tertiary level, first stage, leading to first degree 7 Education at the tertiary level, second stage, leading to a post-graduate degree The LFS data held by Eurostat is allocated to three broad groupings: • ISCED Levels 0-2: • ISCED Level 3: • ISCED Levels 5-7: General education Upper Secondary Education Tertiary education Generally it is assumed that work as a Computing Professional requires a university education (minimum ISCED L5). However, such has been the growth of demand for people that those with many other backgrounds have become involved in this work. Figures 13, 14 and 15 show the fractions of the Computing Professional labour forces in Germany, Sweden and the U.K. that have achieved ISCED Levels corresponding to General, Secondary and Tertiary education respectively. Note that a new version of ISCED (“ISCED97”) began to be used in Member States in 1998, introduced to supersede “ISCED76” (LFS time-series with ISCED-related data that span 1998 therefore need to be carefully interpreted). % of Total Number of C.P.s who reported Highest Educational Level 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Figure 13: Computing Professionals with “only General Education” Fraction of Computing Professional with Highest Education ISCED Levels 0-2 (Source: Eurostat holdings of Member State LFS Quarter 2 data) (generally based on relatively low responses, and the percentages are not statistically robust) Germany Sweden U.K. 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Year C E P I S I.T. PRACTITIONER SKILLS IN EUROPE | Section 4 | 61
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Information Technology Practitioner
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Information Technology Practitioner
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Preface In spite of an extended per
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Acknowledgements The author has bee
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Executive Summary The current state
Page 13: Table of Contents 1. Introduction .
Page 17 and 18: 1. Introduction This Study was init
Page 19: In its quantitative work, this stud
Page 22 and 23: 2. Economic Context 2.1 Scale and I
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 Market Performance Labour marke
Page 26 and 27: 2.4 Employers’ and Individuals’
Page 28 and 29: 26 | C E P I S I.T. PRACTITIONER SK
Page 30 and 31: 3. Policy Context 3.1 Academic and
Page 32 and 33: Probably the greatest challenge in
Page 35 and 36: Information Technology Practitioner
Page 37 and 38: The ISCO classification used for Eu
Page 39 and 40: 4.2 Recent development of the IT Pr
Page 41 and 42: 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200
Page 43 and 44: 4.3 IT Practitioners in Germany The
Page 45 and 46: The “Monitoring Informationswirts
Page 47 and 48: 4.4 IT Practitioners in Ireland The
Page 49 and 50: As part of its work, the Expert Gro
Page 51 and 52: Table 3: Sub-sectoral structure of
Page 53 and 54: From the data gathered for this stu
Page 55 and 56: applicants to such courses (as meas
Page 57 and 58: • Around one in ten establishment
Page 59 and 60: 4.7 Some comparisons between the fo
Page 61: Employment Status: Probably the mos
Page 65 and 66: ISCED Levels 0-2: General Education
Page 67 and 68: 4.8 IT Practitioners in other Membe
Page 69 and 70: 1.8 1.6 1.2 1 0.6 0.2 Figure 18 Num
Page 71 and 72: Recent policy responses to skill sh
Page 75 and 76: The IDC approach is based on estima
Page 77 and 78: 5.3 Improving Validity of Estimates
Page 79 and 80: Q1 Q2 2000 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2001 Q3 Q4 Q
Page 81 and 82: Figure 20 Development Scenarios for
Page 85 and 86: 6.2 The Need for, and Value of, Mor
Page 87 and 88: 6.4 Proposed Full Study for all EU
Page 91: (ii) Education and Training terms i
Page 95 and 96: Annex A Definitions, Datastructures
Page 97 and 98: - “Skills Framework for the Infor
Page 99 and 100: Occupational Frameworks for this St
Page 101 and 102: NACE Nomenclature generale des Acti
Page 103 and 104: Section J: Financial intermediation
Page 105 and 106: ISCO International Standard Occupat
Page 107 and 108: Limitations: Eurostat Holdings of M
Page 109 and 110: The occupational classification app
Page 111 and 112: SOC-90 Categories ISCO-88 Codes 123
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Annex B Analyses of Eurostat Data:
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120,000 Figure B-2 Age Profiles of
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Numbers employed with ISCED Educati
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Q1 1995 Q3 Q1 1996 Q3 Q1 1997 Q3 Q1
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Annex C Analyses of Eurostat Data:
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Employer Size Distribution of Compu
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Table C-1 Development Scenarios for
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Annex D Analyses of Eurostat Data:
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Numbers in employment in each Categ
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Status of Computing Professionals i
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Table D-1 Development Scenarios for
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Annex E Analyses of Eurostat Data:
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350,000 Figure E-3 Computing Profes
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25,000 Figure E-7 Status of Computi
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Table E-1 Development Scenarios for
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Annex F References and Brief Abstra
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IDC (2000): IDC Study on the ICT sk
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IDC (Milroy, A. and Rajah, P.) 2000
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2. National Level Work: a. Germany
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ITNTO 1999 “Bugbuster” Final Re
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Council of European Professional In
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