New build - GWG München

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The Maikäfer Estate in Berg am Laim thus became GWG’s first construction project. Harber’s 1936 model shows a continuous perimeter block construction, stretching along Bad-Schachener-Strasse and Echardinger Strasse, interrupted only by a strip of green. The terraces within the estate are aligned strictly north to south, with large gardens situated between each pair of blocks, criss-crossed by a network of manure and gravel paths. Harbers applied a couple of tricks to break up the strict, almost military design of the estate: the curve of Echardinger Strasse and Krumbadstrasse break up the grid-like pattern, while the “Echardinger Einkehr“ public house and adjacent parade ground forms its centre. The estate was built up in three stages. By 1937, 421 rental apartments and 190 private houses had been completed. From 1938, a further 190 apartments were completed on the Bad-Schachener- Strasse, divided into 38 blocks of five families each, while the rows on the Echardinger Strasse and St.-Michael- Strasse were completed in 1939, with a further 190 apartments. At this time, nearly 3,900 people lived in the Maikäfer Estate, almost half of whom were children. By decree of the Reich Labour Minister, these people’s residences were to be “extremely low price rental apartments” which displayed “extreme constraint in terms of living space and amenities.” 10 Echardinger Chapel (top), Aerial photograph from 1961, with the Echardinger Strasse in the foreground (centre), Krumbadstrasse (bottom)
A typical apartment comprised a living room (with integrated kitchen) and one or more bedrooms. The gardens were a luxury, and they continue to leave a characteristic mark on the area to this day. All of the buildings were connected to the electricity, water and sewage networks, which was unusual for the time. Despite the minimal standards, model rooms complete with fine yet functional furnishings made by “Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau” were put on display to convey standards of quality living. “The authenticity, intrinsic value, simplicity, and neat, smart furnishings and household appliances are what make the rooms so comfortable and friendly”, stated a leaflet published by the City Household Advisory Office in August 1937. Nevertheless, only the rental apartments were in demand. Not as many buyers as hoped showed an interest in the 190 small homes. This may have been because despite their modest features, only very few people were able to afford such houses. A new start after 1945 Although the estate survived the Second World War without any damage, its main construction material, light concrete “Iporit” made from foamed sand by IG Farben, was proving to be susceptible to moisture. Nevertheless, in 1949, additional housing was created by converting 48 attics into apartments of 37.5 square metres each, as a response to the rampant housing shortage. The amenities were just the same as before. The residents still lived in apartments of between 36 and 59 square metres, with room heights of around 2,20 metres, no bathrooms, and simple stoves. The condition of the cheaply built structures continued to deteriorate and resident numbers declined accordingly. By the end of the 1950s, the structural defects were “severe”, but another decade would pass before the subject of renovation finally came under discussion. This was partly due to the fact that the low income from rents did not allow for anything above minimal building maintenance. Also, since the end of the war, occupancies were controlled by the Housing Office of the State Capital of Munich. By now, the resident structure had changed massively. In addition to the original occupants, who had developed and improved their apartments themselves, large numbers of students began living here, attracted by the low rent and proximity to the city centre, as well as large families, who sometimes even rented two apartments to cover their needs. There were also what Armin Hagen, Head of the Building Management Department at GWG München, referred to in his diploma thesis on the history of the estate as “immigrants, disadvantaged persons and dropouts“. In 1980, the city's underground rail network reached Berg am Laim with two stops: Innsbrucker Ring and Michaelibad. This development increased the pressure on city planners to consolidate and renovate the estate. At the end of the 1980s, the buildings were taken out of the social residence category, allowing GWG München to exercise greater influence over the development of the Maikäfer Estate, even though it was now virtually impossible to organise a “methodical occupancy of the apartments to raise the standard of the tenant structure due to their age and facilities.” Substandard apartments were no longer in demand. Plans were therefore drawn up to demolish the existing buildings and replace individual blocks so that they complied with modern standards. The 1980s became the decade of fundamental change. There was great resistance to the announced reconstruction plans for the estate, resulting in the formation of the “Tenants’ Association for the Preservation of the Maikäfer Estate” or MIG. The group organised a number of campaigns in protest against the impending loss of their homes and neighbourhood. 11
Page 1: Building for Munich GWG München Re
Page 10 and 11: The Maikäfer Estate (Maikäfersied
Page 14 and 15: Rebuild or renovate? When water dam
Page 16 and 17: Renovation as a service to the city
Page 18 and 19: 16 The Körper family in their old
Page 20: Living together in the Maikäfer Es
Page 23 and 24: 9 GWG Projects 1 St.-Michael-Strass
Page 25 and 26: View of garden side Floor plan of a
Page 27 and 28: Floor plan of attic, section (top)
Page 29 and 30: Former street view of the Kainzenba
Page 31 and 32: Garden (top), Section of the first
Page 33 and 34: Detail of balcony Gardens accessed
Page 35 and 36: Building type B - street side with
Page 37 and 38: Street view (top), Detail showing b
Page 39 and 40: Street view of Bad-Schachener-Stras
Page 41 and 42: Green courtyard Roof garden Atrium
Page 43 and 44: Rear side with gardens and semi-pub
Page 45 and 46: Balconies to the west Playground in
Page 47 and 48: … and looking north N Floor plan
Page 49 and 50: Plan of open spaces Krumbadstrasse
Page 51: Sections of the southern view (top)
Page 60 and 61: Sendling and Sendling-Westpark Ther
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After the Second World War, the gap
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Emphasis on communal living: Bavari
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Horst W. Opaschowski's study "Germa
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Modernisation and extension Hansast
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68 View of the courtyard Plan of op
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Ecological modernisation Hinterbär
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The Otto Klär architects from Dach
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Modernisation and extension Rattenb
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New build Fernpassstrasse 29 - 37 H
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The power of rows is visible from t
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Modernisation and extension Alpspit
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New build Fernpassstrasse 27, 27a,
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Modernisation and New Building Badg
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New build Krünerstrasse 74 - 88 He
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With glass-fibre cables, a satellit
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Competition Garmischer Straße For
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1 51 93 100 101 104 105 106 108 112
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From hostels to a workers’ neighb
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of small businesses and residences
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The Au renovation project GWG proje
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Views of the inside Presentation of
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Mariahilfplatz 23 - 27 View from th
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Schweigerstrasse 16 View from the g
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Layout before (top) and after moder
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Plan of open spaces: Auer Mühlbach
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View of Auer Mühlbach before (top)
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Paulanerplatz 8 and 9, eastern view
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Example floor plan: second floor sh
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Sunny green courtyards with a varie
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N Lilienstrasse Paulanerplatz Locat
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�� Lilienstrasse 41 and 43 View
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GWG München Heimeranstrasse 31 803
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New build - GWG München

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