SOFT 2004 Meeting Abstracts - Society of Forensic Toxicologists
SOFT 2004 Meeting Abstracts - Society of Forensic Toxicologists
SOFT 2004 Meeting Abstracts - Society of Forensic Toxicologists
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DIRECT ANALYSIS OF MDMA AND METABOLITES IN SALIVA USING CAPILLARY<br />
ELECTROPHORESIS<br />
Brandi L. Clelland-' I, Stephen L. Morgan l , Demi Garvin2, William E. Brewer 3<br />
1 University <strong>of</strong> South Carolina, Department <strong>of</strong> Chemistry and Biochemistry, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, SC<br />
29208; 2Richland County Sheriffs Department, 5623 Two Notch Rd, Columbia, SC 29223; 3Clemson<br />
University Veterinary Diagnostic Center, 500 Clemson Rd, Columbia, SC 29223<br />
Ecstasy, or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), has gained popularity among young adults in<br />
the past few decades mainly for its euphoric and stimulating effects. Though this drug has a "street"<br />
reputation <strong>of</strong> being safe, case studies have shown its toxic effects. Drug testing in recent years has focused<br />
on. analysis <strong>of</strong> alternative biological specimens because <strong>of</strong> the invasiveness and ease <strong>of</strong> adulteration <strong>of</strong> the<br />
more commonly used blood and urine. Testing <strong>of</strong> saliva as an alternative biological matrix has advantages<br />
over conventional matrices: saliva sampling is noninvasive and the presence <strong>of</strong>MDMA in saliva correlates<br />
with individual being under the pharmacological effects <strong>of</strong> the drug. MDMA is a basic drug with an<br />
approximate pK.= 9.9. At two pH units below the pK., MDMA is fully charged and amenable for<br />
separation by capillary electrophoresis. Analysis <strong>of</strong> MDMA in saliva by CE also does not require<br />
derivatization or extraction; consequently minimal sample pretreatment is required.<br />
Capillary electrophoresis separates analytes by electrophoretic mobility, and allows a simplified rapid<br />
method for drug analysis. On-capillary detection in CE is generally performed by a diode array detector<br />
(DAD). Sample stacking is used to increase the sensitivity <strong>of</strong> the CE-DAD system. This paper demonstrates<br />
methods for the direct analysis <strong>of</strong> MDMA in saliva employing both CE-DAD as well as capillary<br />
electrophoresis/diode array/quadrupole time-<strong>of</strong>-flight mass spectrometry (CE/DAD/Q-T<strong>of</strong>-MS). The DAD<br />
and Q-T<strong>of</strong>-MS provide extremely sensitive on-line detection for CE as well as rapid component<br />
identification by UV-Vis or mass spectra. Limits <strong>of</strong> detection and reproducibility for the detection <strong>of</strong><br />
MDMA and its primary metabolites will be discussed.<br />
Key words: MDMA, Saliva, Capillary electrophoresis<br />
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