titus-larsen-titus-1981-apple-interfacing

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Index A ACID PUMP, 111 Address bus, 15 comparison, 42 decoding, 26-27 decoder circuit, 73 use, 92-96 lines, 27 negative, 25 page, 10 positive, 25 select pulse, 31 selection signal, 39 16-bit, 27 Addressing, device, 27-43 Analog-to-digital converter, 154-161 AND gates, 2r; ANSWER, 61 APPLESOFT BASIC, 17 Assembly language, 23-25 logical operations, 60-62 ' B BASE PUMP, 111 BASIC, 23-25 interpreter, 24 Bar graph, horizontal, 125 notation, 15 BCD, 132-136 Bidirectional, 10 Binary codes, 132-136 notation, 27 numbering, 25 Bit, least-significant, 152 Breadboard basic, 69-80 construction, 80 Buffer enable, 52 Bus buffer chips, 155 circuit, 76 -compatible chip, 175 low address, 28 Byte, 9, 61 least significant, 103 most significant, 103 c CALL,67 Capacitor-charging circuit, 159 Card readers, 14 Chip-enable input, 12 CLEAR,47 Clock signals, 173 Comparators, using, 41-43 Comparing, 27 Connections to Apple, 80-84 Control signal, 15 203
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lJ. 21862 APPLE® INTERFACING JONAT
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APPLE® INTERFACING by Jonathan A.
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Preface The purpose in writing this
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make no attempt to provide much det
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Contents CHAPTER 1 6502 PROCESSOR 9
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CHAPTER 1 6502 Processor The Apple
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Fig. 1- 1. 6502 Microprocessor chip
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locate the memory "cell" that is to
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IR.,view At this point, you should
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Gei'!eral-fi!Jrp@S('; I/ 0 Commaru:
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of an examined memory location. Fro
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will now explore the actions that e
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transfers will require more than ei
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grams are probably easier to write
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·when the Apple computer is progrn
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Y@bie ::!1. VNth i
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DECODED OUTPUT puter systems, the R
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1 1 1 Using Decoders In many cases,
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used in PEEK commands, for example
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An alternate approach is to use bot
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sections, but the address inputs, A
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fUNCTlON TABLES COMPARING CASCADING
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flexible decoding scheme, as shown
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until the power is turned off. Ther
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the logic zero state. In most cases
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ue in sequence (in binary), 255, 25
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DATA BUS DATA A SN74125 DATA B DATA
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R gates that control the enabling o
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state of the unused bits cannot be
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CHAPTER 4 Flags and Decisions n alm
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VALUE 00111010 00011010 11110000 00
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•• Addrss Byte Da;a Syie Mexacl
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INPUT DEVICE RD 49321 - READY/BUSY
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INPUT DEVICE INPUT PORT Dl Dl ' D3
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y-language programming will also be
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CHAPTER 5 Breadboarding 01 With the
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5 IN4001 (4) 6 ,.___'-'' N:...J LM3
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A15 AIO A13 Al2 Al4 All A9 AfJ D .L
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In the memory address mode, must pl
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PIN CONFIGURATION DJ, LOGIC DIAGRAM
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The actual ORing of these control s
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Fig. 5·10. Packaged version of the
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SIGNAL APPLE PfN INTERFACE PIN +12V
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·.chips have rather slow access ti
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are possible, we think that one exp
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in most of the experiments unless o
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tep 3 You may wish to test other po
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,..,,.,....,"'"' in the block from
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None of the outputs should be activ
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---" 2 CLR 20 2 CK Si\17474 The dev
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entered and run, It first asks you
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+5 Gl\ID LOGIC SWITCHES A B c D 16
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PR INT "O"; GOTO 65 If you wish to
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am, and the two-byte decimal calcul
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for each value that is input to the
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of the monitor screen each time the
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A = 128 420 B = PEEK(493 l 9) 430 F
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il!!lie -2. 0 THEN . . .
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program. You may forgotten steps to
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The A output, RD 49319, has already
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used the following program: FOR A =
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· numbers would have to be "split"
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tep 1 The input port and output por
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0'"""c"y'·i- the relative values t
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and output ports are simply additio
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e has been divided into 256 values,
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e converter will not burn out, sinc
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07 DATA BUS DO 3 4 7 a 13 14 17 18
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each decade. The bed code is used i
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LED BIT RED } D3 YELLOW EL M D4 GRE
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: : FOR T = 0 TO 770 NEX T T NEX T
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Thus, by testing the value input fr
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he six LEDs should be removed from
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Yo'1 should be able to develop the
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INPUT "LAST TWO DIGITS ";A$ IF A$ =
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tfhe program first tests the reset
Page 153 and 154: would you program the computer so t
Page 155 and 156: Yes. Simply reverse the commands at
Page 157 and 158: · computer to measure analog volta
Page 159 and 160: he minimum value should be in the r
Page 161 and 162: 130 Y2 = PEEK(49319)/ 1.594 140 HPL
Page 163 and 164: You probably will not see much chan
Page 165 and 166: D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 Dl DO 'b- • "A"
Page 167 and 168: ll'i!i Name 1 1/0 SELECT 2- 17 A 15
Page 169 and 170: ADDRESS BUS A7-AO :> MEMORY 256 x 8
Page 171 and 172: !n!erfac" Slel Addwess lta"%Je 0 C0
Page 173 and 174: 28 INT IN SLOT 6 +5 lK Lr LOCAL INT
Page 175 and 176: USER 1 This input will allow you to
Page 177 and 178: puts. You must be careful in your d
Page 179 and 180: CONTROL/ DATA input at pin 12 ( C/D
Page 181 and 182: 93427 OR EQUIV ROM ADDRESS BUS 1---
Page 183 and 184: use of red LEDs is recommended, sin
Page 185 and 186: APPENDIX B Parts Required for the E
Page 187 and 188: APPENDIX 6502 Microprocessor Techni
Page 189 and 190: MC§f.500 IE1lriy {D"i) This input
Page 191 and 192: MCS6500 INSTilUCTION SH-ALPHABETICA
Page 193 and 194: ,, ,, T!M!NG Il-01! READING DI\ TA
Page 195 and 196: MCS0t-20 PWH¢01 ns PWH¢2 ¢11ou11
Page 197 and 198: APPENDIX D Apple Interface Breadboa
Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX E Printed-Circuit Board Ar
Page 201 and 202: !'i9. E-2. Printecl-
Page 203: F t • I +: a... :::> 0 a: (!> 0 (
Page 207 and 208: INTEGER BASIC, 17 Interface circuit
Page 210 and 211: READER. SER.VICE CARD To better ser
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