20.11.2012 Views

recent developments in high frequency financial ... - Index of

recent developments in high frequency financial ... - Index of

recent developments in high frequency financial ... - Index of

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

How large is liquidity risk <strong>in</strong> an automated auction market? 125<br />

Table 2 (cont<strong>in</strong>ued)<br />

Frictionless v=5,000 v=20,000 v=40,000<br />

ν 4.123 (0.338) 4.748 (0.421) 5.486 (0.543) 6.029 (0.634)<br />

Q 0.14 [0.10] 0.15 [8.44] 0.07 [62.64] 2.72 [310.22]<br />

Q 2<br />

3.80 [73.24] 7.10 [66.27] 6.26 [129.33] 4.66 [505.71]<br />

Section 3 provides details <strong>of</strong> the estimation procedure. The first column gives estimation results<br />

us<strong>in</strong>g frictionless returns. The other columns report estimation results based on actual returns.<br />

Parameter standard errors are given <strong>in</strong> parentheses. The Q-rows report the Ljung–Box Q-statistic<br />

computed on the AR residuals. For the computation <strong>of</strong> the Ljung–Box statistics the number <strong>of</strong><br />

autocorrelations <strong>in</strong>cluded is equal to 2, and observations <strong>of</strong> different trad<strong>in</strong>g days where excluded<br />

from the estimation <strong>of</strong> autocovariances. In brackets the Ljung–Box statistic <strong>of</strong> the raw return data<br />

is reported. The Q 2 rows reports the Ljung–Box statistic <strong>of</strong> the GARCH residuals. The figures <strong>in</strong><br />

brackets are Ljung–Box statistic <strong>of</strong> squared raw returns<br />

is expected to <strong>in</strong>cur a significant price impact, i.e. has to be ready to pay a<br />

considerable liquidity risk premium. The diversification effect smoothes the<br />

<strong>in</strong>traday variation, but the pronounced liquidity risk premium dur<strong>in</strong>g the first half<br />

hours after the open cannot be diversified away.<br />

Figure 2 details this f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g by display<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>in</strong>traday variation <strong>of</strong> the mean<br />

and volatility components <strong>of</strong> the Actual VaR, i.e. both components <strong>of</strong> the liquidity<br />

Fig. 1 Diurnal variation <strong>of</strong> the relative liquidity risk premium Λt for equal volume stock<br />

portfolios and <strong>in</strong>dividual stocks. Period 1 refers to the first half <strong>of</strong> the sample period, August, 2,<br />

1999–September 17, 1999 when the Xetra cont<strong>in</strong>uous trad<strong>in</strong>g hours extended from 8.30 A.M. CET<br />

—5.00 P.M. CET. Period 2 refers to the second half <strong>of</strong> the sample period, September 20, 1999–<br />

October 29, 1999 when Xetra cont<strong>in</strong>uous trad<strong>in</strong>g hours extended from 9.00 A.M. CET—5.30 P.M.<br />

CET. The numbers have been multiplied by 100 to represent percentages. α=0.05

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!