Space Grant Consortium - University of Wisconsin - Green Bay

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In the past we have not focused on the specific achievements of diverse groups of scientists, either chemists or astrobiologists, from different ethnic and racial groups, and have thus missed on directly addressing diversity issue. This issue is critical for our campus, which is the most diverse in the UW -System. The new initiatives The first new direction we took is to link astrobiology to chemistry in a novel way, which would be on the forefront of both astrobiology and chemistry. This is the link between astrobiology and green chemistry. Green chemistry is chemistry which is environmentally friendly. The author was extremely fortunate to have been accepted into the NSF -sponsored workshop on the green chemistry at the University of Oregon, Eugene, July 18-24, 2009. In this workshop both the theory and the practice were covered. The participants were able to do many experiments in the lab which demonstrated the principles of green chemistry. These experiments were developed to the point that they could be easily adapted in the organic lab teaching. In addition, several such experiments were amenable to the undergraduate research. We have seen immediately a clear connection between the green chemistry and astrobiology, and have developed this idea for a presentation and a future publication, by including many references and concepts, which are ready for the classroom applications (Kolb, 2009). Here we list an abbreviated list of topics. One obvious way for the organic chemistry to be environmentally friendly is to use water as solvent, instead of more toxic organic solvents. Another approach is to run the reactions between the solid components without the solvent, in a so-called solventless reactions mode. As the solid materials are mixed together, the melting point of the mixture is lower than the melting points of its individual components (the principle of the mixed-melting point). In some cases the entire mixture may melt upon mixing. The reactions would then occur in a viscous state. These and some other known examples of green chemistry have a great potential for astrobiology. Conversely, astrobiology can inspire green chemistry also. The astrobiological reactions typically occur in water, which models the prebiotic soup. While much is known about such astrobiological reactions, they were never optimized for the industrial use. Now is may be the right time to do it, since the industry is moving in the green direction. Although we do not know the details about the mechanisms of the reactions in the solid mixtures on the asteroids and meteors, we know what kinds of products are obtained. We know this from the diverse list of chemicals that were identified in the carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. The structures of these products may inspire new applications for the industrial solventless reactions. The connection between the green chemistry principles and astrobiology represents a new pedagogical approach for infusion of astrobiology into the organic chemistry. The diversity initiative has been conceived while the author was fortunate to participate in the Summer Institute at UW-Parkside, which was devoted to diversity issues. As a part of introducing diversity into the organic chemistry curriculum the author has decided to cover some key chemical discoveries that were made by a diverse group of scientists. Included are African Americans, Indians, Japanese, Mexicans and others. This teaching material has been developed during the summer, and is ready now for the classroom 36
application. We are now developing the analogous teaching material about some key astrobiology discoveries that have heavy chemistry content, and which were made by the astrobiologists of diverse ethnic and racial groups. Conclusions Two new pedagogical initiatives on the introduction of astrobiology into the chemistry curriculum are being developed. The first is on the astrobiology-green chemistry connection. The second is on the key discoveries by the astrobiologists from diverse ethnic and racial groups. Acknowledgments WSGC is acknowledged for a steady support of our higher education efforts. References Kolb, V. M. "Introduction of Astrobiology into the Undergraduate Curriculum", in "Making Space for Life", Proceedings of the 10 th Annual Wisconsin Space Conference, held June 9-10, 2000, in Milwaukee, WI, A. Yingst and S. D. Brandt, Editors. Published in 2004 together with the Proceedings of the 11 th Annual Wisconsin Space Conference by the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium, Green Bay, WI. Part 5: Chemistry. Kolb, V. M. "Teaching Astrobiology from a Leamer-Centered Perspective", in "Continuing the Voyage of Discovery", R. A. Yingst, S. D. Brandt, J. Borg, S. Dutch, M. Gustafson, M. Rudd, and A. Roethel, Eds., Proceedings of the 15 th Annual Wisconsin Space Conference, Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium, Green Bay, WI, 2006a. Part Nine: General Education and Outreach. Kolb, V. M. "Astrobiology at Parkside: A Web site Dedicated to Teaching", 2006b, ibid. Kolb, V. M. "Permanent infusion of astrobiology into the organic chemistry curriculum", submitted for publication for the proceedings of the 18 th Annual Wisconsin Space Conference, held in Fox Valley, WI, August 14-15,2008. Kolb, V. M. "Astrobiology and green chemistry: A new pedagogical connection", ibid, oral presentation, SPIE, paper 7441B-3, San Diego, August 4-6, 2009; Proceedings to be published. 37
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Space Grant Consortium wisconsin UN
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THE CASSINI ENCOUNTER WITH THE GEM
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Th he proceedinngs of our 199th Ann
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Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium Un
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Part 3: NASA Reduced Gravity Progra
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EAA Women Soar - You Soar, Lee Siud
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Elijah High Altitude Balloon Projec
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Our experience with the HALO II lau
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which had been a problem in the pas
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Figure 6: 3-D GPS Generated Track o
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Results The seeds tested in the lab
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hour as we assumed the flight in th
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Experimental Results There are two
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A series of tests were done in a co
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380 360 340 320 23.3 Temp. (Celsius
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First Place, Non-Engineering: Schmi
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of the basis for fin designs came f
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ejection charge from the motor fire
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using rip-stop nylon cloth. To atta
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Post-flight recovery. A field searc
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Thus, it is believed that the main
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[2] Public Missiles Ltd. Frequently
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Design Features The chief requireme
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The joint between the dart and the
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Area dramatically influenced by flo
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Altitude [ft] 6000 5000 4000 3000 2
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though a strong crosswind was prese
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Our Design Our rocket uses the basi
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e easily recovered. Bong recreation
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Performance Characteristics of Pred
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Background and Context: Student Roc
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The Rocky Mountain Miners’ compet
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19th Annual Conference Part Three N
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The angle of repose of a granular m
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Experiment Design The experiment co
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on the ground and in the Weightless
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measurements for the 1 − g data.
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[ImageJ, 2008] Image Analysis Softw
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Dynamics Characterization of the El
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Figure 1 - A calibration equation f
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Wire A secondary investigation into
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[1] Taminger, K. M. B.; and Hafley,
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Introduction The analysis of wake v
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Figure 2: Screen I mage o f G UI. T
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References ¹ Burnham, D.C., and Ha
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Validation of Novel Rigid Body Fric
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forces is implemented in the popula
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Figure 2. CAD representation of a t
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Results Figure 5. Assembled hydraul
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References Anitescu, M. (2006). "Op
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Multi-stage Joule-Thomson cycles ar
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significant change in total compres
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The enthalpy (h3) of the 2 nd stage
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UA m� ⎛ ε −1 ⎞ ( c nd c st
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educed, the temperature range that
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7. Lemmon, E. W.; Huber, M. L.; McL
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Throughout each of the run cycles,
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and heater adjusted to accommodate
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Phaeton Mast Dynamics Mechanical Sy
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exposure to the FEMAP with NASTRAN
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The irregularity in the plots above
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inversion of a particular matrix, t
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clarified. Additionally, the PMD ki
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A. Abstract For hardware to be flig
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should be performed at the JWST obs
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B. Attenuation and Uncertainty Shoc
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Detector Array and ROIC SCA Mount L
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Detector Shock Environment The leve
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Orbiter (MRO), Moon Mineralogy Mapp
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4. NASA JPL. MIRI FOCAL PLANE SYSTE
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Is Lake Superior a significant sour
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each grid cell at daily resolution.
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Figure 3. (a) Seasonal cycle of lak
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Figure 5. Model pCO2 at the surface
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Marshall, J., A. Adcroft, C. Hill,
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numerical weather prediction (NWP)
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High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)
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On the morning of 26 May 2008, ther
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References Behnke, C., 2005: Synopt
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Figure 3 Figure 3 contains base ref
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A Comparative Study of Type IIb Sup
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Fig. 3.— Cartoon Image of SN blas
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Fig. 4.— Light curve of SN 2008bo
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type IIn Supernova SN 1995N,” 200
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and then can spiral in to the black
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Understanding the Evolution of Supe
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Radio  measurements  of  supe
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In the equations on the p
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SN 2008ax in NGC 4490 SN2008ax is a
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References Chevalier, R. A., “Int
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Computational Fluid Dynamical Model
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context of the k − ɛ model invol
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Figure 3: Experimental results (•
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direction results in the terminal s
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121 (2000). [Blue Ridge Numerics, I
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concentrated our effort specificall
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density, and Ps is a pressure tenso
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Properties of the GEM problem Recon
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Figure 1: Increase in reconnection
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Figure 3: Examples of agreement of
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Reflection and Refraction of Vortex
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Experimental Procedure The left han
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frames in the upper left corner, wh
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Vortex ring reflection. Similarly,
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References L Bernal and J Kwon. Vor
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group started in 1997 with the goal
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I conducted five semi-structured in
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In the example of the guinea pig pr
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explain t his t rend. F rom t alkin
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Research. Washington, DC: Pan Ameri
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Our team has two goals: 1. To put S
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fluctuating humidity, drying winds,
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western border of the Arkansas Rive
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adjusted to less than .4millisecond
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Cacti Experiment 18 has produced 10
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13. What N decomposer's are needed
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Abstract Toxic Offgassing Analysis
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The chambers were sealed and baked
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Tables 4 and 5 show offgassing comp
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there was no dichlorobenzene peak.
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Space Grant Consortium - University of Wisconsin - Green Bay

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