Space Grant Consortium - University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
Space Grant Consortium - University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
Space Grant Consortium - University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
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Th he proceedinngs<br />
<strong>of</strong> our 199th<br />
Annual W<strong>Wisconsin</strong><br />
S<strong>Space</strong><br />
Confeerence<br />
comess<br />
in a<br />
mo omentous yeear.<br />
In 20099<br />
we celebrated<br />
the moost<br />
amazing, , most increedible<br />
thi ing that humman<br />
beings hhave<br />
ever doone<br />
— 40 yeears<br />
ago hummans<br />
for thee<br />
first<br />
tim me broke thee<br />
gravitationnal<br />
pull <strong>of</strong> thheir<br />
own plannet<br />
and livedd<br />
on anotherr<br />
one.<br />
Th his year hhas<br />
seen wwonderful,<br />
meaningful, , and sommetimes<br />
excciting<br />
celebbrations<br />
<strong>of</strong> th his event! UUnfortunatelyy,<br />
at the samme<br />
time, we aalso<br />
were suubjected<br />
thiss<br />
year<br />
to rerruns<br />
and new w productioons<br />
<strong>of</strong> slicklyy-produced<br />
television sppecials<br />
"sugggesting"<br />
thaat<br />
the<br />
entiree<br />
Moon land ding was a hooax.<br />
We live in n a time whhere<br />
technoloogy<br />
has madde<br />
it easier thhan<br />
ever to be fooled — and<br />
paraddoxically,<br />
wh here less andd<br />
less <strong>of</strong> a prremium<br />
seemms<br />
to be put on the criticcal<br />
thinking skills<br />
that wwould<br />
best protect p us fr from being ffooled.<br />
As eeducators<br />
(thhose<br />
<strong>of</strong> us wwho<br />
are) wee<br />
talk<br />
aboutt<br />
the importa ance <strong>of</strong> Scieence,<br />
Technoology,<br />
Enginneering<br />
and Mathematiccs<br />
(STEM) ffields.<br />
As wwe<br />
all know, however, leearning<br />
youur<br />
multiplicaation<br />
tables sso<br />
you can ppass<br />
a test iis<br />
not<br />
why STEM is so o important. . No, it's beecause<br />
to truuly<br />
be able to understand<br />
the ruless<br />
that<br />
underrlie<br />
the work kings <strong>of</strong> the universe — that is, phyysics,<br />
chemistry,<br />
mathemmatics,<br />
and sso<br />
on<br />
— yoou<br />
must have e critical thinnking<br />
skills. You must bbe<br />
able to appproach<br />
a prooblem<br />
from mmany<br />
anglees,<br />
embrace e multiple, sometimes conflicting hypothesess,<br />
apply creative<br />
soluttions,<br />
perseevere<br />
throug gh dead endss<br />
and failed experimentts<br />
and your own fatiguee<br />
and frustraation,<br />
and mmost<br />
importa antly, to let tthe<br />
universe teach you, rrather<br />
than trrying<br />
to molld<br />
the univerrse<br />
to<br />
what you want it t to be. Youu<br />
must not oonly<br />
be objecctive,<br />
but bee<br />
willing to be convinceed<br />
by<br />
superrior<br />
evidence e, especiallyy<br />
when that eevidence<br />
poinnts<br />
in a direcction<br />
you doon't<br />
want to ggo.<br />
This is why<br />
STEM fiields<br />
are releevant<br />
to all ccitizens,<br />
andd<br />
why spacee<br />
fields especcially<br />
are reelevant.<br />
Spac ce and aerosspace<br />
represeent<br />
the very edge <strong>of</strong> the envelope, annd<br />
thus the ffields<br />
where<br />
these critic cal thinking skills are mmost<br />
essentiall.<br />
This is whhy<br />
the work published heere<br />
is<br />
relevant<br />
to Wisco onsin and thhe<br />
country — because byy<br />
the very nature<br />
<strong>of</strong> whaat<br />
we are strriving<br />
for inn<br />
aerospace pursuits, p thee<br />
very best iss<br />
demanded <strong>of</strong> us. We cannot<br />
be lazzy<br />
in our thinnking<br />
or ouur<br />
work; we cannot c settlee,<br />
we cannot "make do." We must exxcel.<br />
Acknnowledgeme<br />
ents<br />
I have bee en privilegedd<br />
to review the work puublished<br />
heree,<br />
where I seee<br />
that excellence<br />
manifested.<br />
I'm grateful g to eeach<br />
person who made the 19th AAnnual<br />
Confe ference and these<br />
Proceeedings<br />
poss sible. The W<strong>Wisconsin</strong><br />
Sppace<br />
<strong>Grant</strong> C<strong>Consortium</strong><br />
especially eextends<br />
thannks<br />
to<br />
our hhost,<br />
the Mil lwaukee Schhool<br />
<strong>of</strong> Enginneering,<br />
andd<br />
WSGC Exxecutive<br />
Commmittee<br />
memmbers<br />
Tom Bray, Will liam Farroww,<br />
and especcially<br />
Loretta<br />
Krenitskyy<br />
for all thheir<br />
assistancce<br />
in<br />
runniing<br />
a beautif ful conferennce.<br />
We alsoo<br />
thank Dr. Ellis Minerr,<br />
who serveed<br />
as the Science<br />
Manaager<br />
for the NASA N Cassini-Huygenss<br />
Saturn Orbbiter<br />
and Titaan<br />
Probe for 12 years (ammong<br />
his mmany<br />
accolad des) for giviing<br />
keynote presentationns:<br />
The Casssini<br />
Encountter<br />
with the Gem<br />
<strong>of</strong> thee<br />
Solar System<br />
I & II. Dr. Minerr<br />
spoke to mmembers<br />
<strong>of</strong>f<br />
the 1997 W<strong>Wisconsin</strong><br />
S<strong>Space</strong><br />
Confference<br />
at MS SOE on the Cassini Mission<br />
before llaunch<br />
and tthis<br />
brought us full-circle.<br />
Our ssession<br />
mod derators are all volunteeers<br />
and we aare<br />
grateful for their geenerous<br />
efforrts<br />
in<br />
ensurring<br />
our ses ssions run ssmoothly.<br />
Finally,<br />
as aalways,<br />
we wwould<br />
like to thank alll<br />
the<br />
scienntists,<br />
engine eers, studentss,<br />
educators and others, wwho<br />
contribuuted<br />
papers to this volumme.<br />
Forwward!<br />
Pr reface<br />
R. Aiileen<br />
Yingst,<br />
Ph.D.<br />
Direcctor<br />
iii
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