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to categorize a consonant place distinction in a two-dimensional sibilant fricative + vowel stimulus set using fricative noise, formanttransition, or both cues independently. Results indicate that subjects could be trained to rely solely on one or the other cue althoughvocalic information is much more robust. Further, there is considerable evidence of a general increase in sensitivity to the dimensionof training and little evidence for acquired equivalence within category or in an irrelevant dimension.Jason Merchant (University of Chicago) Session 14VP-ellipsis is VP ellipsis; pseudogapping is vP ellipsisActive/passive voice mismatches between an antecedent VP and an elided one are tolerated in VP-ellipsis structures but not inpseudogapping ones--an unexpected difference on usual accounts which assimilate the latter completely to the former. I argue thatthis empirical difference arises from a difference in the height of the target of deletion: The VP node sister to Voice in VP-ellipsis,and the vP headed by Voice in pseudogapping. This analysis supports the idea that some elliptical identity is computed over syntacticstructures, and captures the similarity pseudogapping shows to higher ellipsis sites (as in sluicing) where voice mismatches are alsoruled out.Ilana Mezhevich (University of Calgary) Session 20A feature-theoretic account of tense & aspect in RussianIn Russian non-past clauses, aspectual morphology conveys tense: Imperfective is interpreted as present while perfective isinterpreted as future. Assuming that tense and aspect are distinct grammatical categories with different semantic content, how canaspect be interpreted as tense? I propose that tense and aspect share semantic content: They both express a relation of(non)coincidence. Functional heads T and Asp contain the same semantic feature [coin] but distinct morphosyntactic features [past]and [perf], respectively. The interaction between the two types of features together with the mechanism of feature agreement resultsin [coin] being interpreted as both tense and aspect.Susan Michaelis (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig) Session 84Martin Haspelmath (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig)Towards an Atlas of Pidgin & Creole Language Structures (APiCS)We present the project of an Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS). The goal of APiCS is to gather comparablesynchronic data on the grammatical and lexical structures of a large number of pidgin and creole languages. The project will cover60-80 languages, not only from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. The database will consist of 150-200 structural features fromphonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. It will appear in two volumes, a map volume and an encyclopedic companion volumewith sociohistorical and grammatical surveys. The electronic version will also be made available.Marianne Mithun (University of California ,Santa Barbara) Session 97The prosodies of contrast: Mohawk emphatic/contrastive pronouns in spontaneous speechIn typological work, the free pronouns of polysynthetic languages are sometimes taken as counterparts of pronouns of languages likeEnglish. The relative rarity of the free pronouns in spontaneous speech is attributed to a parameter setting by which the languages areclassified as 'pro-drop'. An examination of their use in speech, along with the prosodic structures in which they occur, shows that thepronouns of these languages serve several distinct functions in the packaging of information. Here we trace their use in Mohawk,where they occur in various focus, topicalization, and antitopic constructions, each characterized by a distinctive intonation contour.Simona Montanari (California State University, Los Angeles) Session 15Syntactic differentiation in early trilingual developmentI examined syntactic differentiation in early trilingual development through an analysis of the argument/predicate sequences producedby a Tagalog-Spanish-English trilingual child at MLUw < 1.5. I tracked down argument/predicate sequences produced in eachlanguage from weekly recordings and compared the frequencies of predicate-initial and of predicate-final sequences crosslinguistically.The results indicate that such combinations are differentially ordered depending on their language and following inputdependentpreferences, suggesting that (1) syntactic differentiation is possible also before the appearance of functional categories, andthat (2) the organizing principles operating on early constructions might possibly be syntactic rather than pragmatic alone.149