2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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Table 49. Type of Family/Friends Support Received at least Weekly over Time a,b% MothersType of SupportYear 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5(n=276) (n=283) (n=288) (n=282) (n=285)Talk about personalproblems59 54 50 58 48Advice on children orhousehold problems64 52 45 43 43Help withhousework/childcare57 52 46 45 50Help with money, food, orclothing28 18 9 15 16a Data were weighted to account for the oversampling of mothers in the Glades and mothers assessed “at risk.”bPercentages indicate the total of mothers who responded “weekly” or “daily” on a 5-point scale.*Paired sample t-tests indicate that the following year-to-year differences are statistically significant at p < .05 or lower: talk1 vs.talk3; talk1 vs. talk5; talk2 vs. talk5; talk3 vs. talk4; talk4 vs. talk5; money1 vs. money2; money1 vs. money3; money1 vs.money4; money1 vs. money5; money2 vs. money3; money3 vs. money4; money3 vs. money5; housework1 vs. housework3;housework1 vs. housework4; housework2 vs. housework3; advice1 vs. advice2; advice1 vs. advice3; advice1 vs. advice4;advice1 vs. advice5; advice2 vs. advice3; advice2 vs. advice4; advice2 vs. advice5.Community Support“Community” encompasses a variety of professionals with whom mothers may have contact—everyonefrom medical to school personnel, social service personnel to members of the clergy. Overall, the mothersreport higher levels of community support as time progresses. Forty percent of the mothers reportedsupport from someone in the community in year 1, 45 percent in year 2, 57 percent in year 3, and 58percent in year 4. However, in year 5, the number of mothers who reported receiving help from someonein the community decreased dramatically; in this year, just 22 percent of mothers reported receiving helpfrom community members. 39With respect to the kinds of community support families received in year 5, mothers tended to reportreceiving advice on children or household problems somewhat more frequently than concrete supportsuch as help with money, food, or clothing (see Table 50). However, reported help from communitymembers with money, food, or clothing increased from the previous year. Lesser levels of concretesupport were received more frequently in all 5 years. In the previous year, just 2 percent of the samplereported receiving this help “weekly,” and 8 percent “monthly.” Reported help in the form of advice onchildren or household problems in year 5 also increased from that in year 4.39 More detail on changes in social support can be found in previous study reports (e.g., Spielberger et al., 2010). Over the first 4years of the study, mothers reported receiving increased support from healthcare professionals and childcare providers, butvariable support from social workers. In the year 5 interview, we did not ask about specific individuals in the community whoprovided support.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 81
Type of SupportFrequency (%)(n=69)Daily Weekly Monthly Annually Never bAdvice on children or household problems 8 27 22 25 18Help with money, food, or clothing 2 4 19 25 50a Data were weighted to account for the oversampling of mothers in the Glades and mothers assessed “at risk.”b The “Never” response refers to mothers who reported receiving some types of community support but not the type indicated.Access to SupportAs shown in Figure 4, perceptions of access to support fluctuate over time, with few notable patterns. Forexample, the percentage of mothers who said it was “somewhat easy” or “very easy” to talk to someoneabout things that are very personal or private was stable in years 1 through 3, increased somewhat in year4, but declined again in year 5. We observed a similar pattern for those who said it was “somewhat easy”or “very easy” to get advice on caring for children or dealing with household problems. On the otherhand, the percentage of mothers who found it either “somewhat easy” or “very easy” to get help withhousework or childcare generally increased, though modestly, over time.Figure 4. Perceptions of Access to Support from All Sources over Time aa Data were weighted to account for the oversampling of mothers in the Glades and mothers assessed “at risk.”*Paired sample t-tests indicate that the following year-to-year differences are statistically significant at p < .05 or lower: talk1 vs.talk4; talk2 vs. talk4; talk4 vs. talk5; childcare1 vs. childcare4; childcare1 vs. childcare5; childcare2 vs. childcare3; childcare2 vs.childcare4; childcare2 vs. childcare5; advice1 vs. advice2; advice2 vs. advice3; advice2 vs. advice4; advice4 vs. advice5.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 82
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FifthMarciaGouvêa2011
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AcknowledgmentsThis fifth report of
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Chapin Hall at the University of Ch
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List of TablesTable 1. Components o
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Table 58. Logistic Regression of Mo
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Table C- 24. Mothers’ Baseline an
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• In addition, we observed a pote
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kind of out-of-home educational exp
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IntroductionOver the last three dec
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eadiness and school success and in
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The study’s comprehensive, longit
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Table 2. Characteristics of Mothers
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The Year 5 Study SampleTable 4 show
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Household Structure, Employment, an
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Although mothers continued to repor
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Table 6. Family Income and Economic
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Specifically, mothers living outsid
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at the birth of the focal child tha
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Table 10. Reasons for Transportatio
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Health, Healthcare, and ChildDevelo
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two years of the study. In year 1 1
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Subsequent Pregnancies and Prenatal
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Children’s HealthcareMost (80%) o
Page 50 and 51: private plans or HMOs increased sig
Page 52 and 53: outside the TGAs to report that all
Page 54 and 55: Children’s Behavior and Developme
Page 56 and 57: cultural norms regarding what sorts
Page 58 and 59: Table 21. Emerging Pre-academic Ski
Page 60 and 61: the year 5 interview, over three-qu
Page 62: various activities, mothers reporte
Page 66 and 67: Negative Parenting PracticesThere i
Page 68 and 69: Table 28. Fathers’ Negative Paren
Page 70 and 71: Table 30. Parent Involvement Activi
Page 72 and 73: Table 32. Mothers’ Positive Paren
Page 74 and 75: Table 34. Mothers’ Parent Involve
Page 76 and 77: The most frequent parent involvemen
Page 78 and 79: Figure 3. Primary Childcare Arrange
Page 80 and 81: for 6 months, but when the subsidy
Page 82 and 83: ecause it is of particular interest
Page 84 and 85: types of care between mothers whose
Page 86 and 87: Table 40. Characteristics of Mother
Page 88 and 89: Table 41). Of the 204 children, 91
Page 90 and 91: commented on their children’s nee
Page 92 and 93: nonparental childcare arrangement f
Page 94 and 95: Informal and Community SupportAn un
Page 96 and 97: Table 46. Frequency of Husband/Part
Page 98 and 99: We also asked the mothers about the
Page 102 and 103: Access to Support by TGAFigure 5 sh
Page 104 and 105: Use of Formal ServicesA central que
Page 106 and 107: Correlates of At-Risk StatusA large
Page 108 and 109: services after 6 months. Among the
Page 110 and 111: Enhanced ServicesEnhanced services
Page 112 and 113: Termination of MCHP ServicesAs prev
Page 114 and 115: services were fairly stable, althou
Page 116 and 117: languages. The fact that more mothe
Page 118 and 119: In interpreting these results, it s
Page 120 and 121: Overall, mothers reported seeking h
Page 122 and 123: We found that in years 2 and 3, aft
Page 124 and 125: We also found that mothers tended t
Page 126 and 127: variables that could potentially be
Page 128 and 129: significant levels of stress. Paren
Page 130 and 131: positive parenting items and 5 nega
Page 132 and 133: friend/neighbor/other), which were
Page 134 and 135: Table 60. Logistic Regression of Ch
Page 140 and 141: County in either fall 2009 or fall
Page 142 and 143: Figure 6. Percent of Focal Children
Page 144 and 145: Next, we conducted logistic regress
Page 146 and 147: Table 68. Selected Maternal and Chi
Page 148 and 149: R 2 .180*p < .05, **p < .01, or ***
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SummarySimilar to previous analyses
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less than a high school education,
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Parenting PracticesWhen surveyed in
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We also looked at the stability of
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Service Use, Maternal Functioning,
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Conclusions and ImplicationsMore th
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Meanwhile, our findings indicate th
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literacy skills, families who do no
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BibliographyAbidin, R. R. (1995). P
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Dinan, K. A. (2005a). Federal polic
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Leventhal, T., Brooks-Gunn, J., McC
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Weisner, T. S. (1984). A cross-cult
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What are pathways to service use? W
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Table A- 1. FOCiS Codes for MCHP Se
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Table A- 2. Interview Study Samplin
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Table A- 3. Household Survey Topics
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Table A- 5. Reasons for Sample Attr
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we sought to identify the ecologica
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Table B- 2. Characteritics of TGA M
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Figure B- 1. Characteristics of Mot
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Figure B- 5. Percentage of PBC Moth
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Table B- 5. Logistic Regression Pre
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Table B- 7. Characteristics of TGA
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Table B- 9. Logistic Regression Pre
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Type of Enhanced Service2009N% of M
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Table B- 12. Logistic Regression Pr
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Numberof BirthswithReferrals2009 TG
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Table B- 15. OLS Logistic Regressio
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Table C- 1. Selected Characteristic
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Table C- 4. Social and Emotional Be
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Table C- 7. Communication Skills of
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Table C- 11. Emerging Literacy and
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Table C- 14. Mothers’ Negative Pa
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Number of Different Arrangements ac
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Figure C- 1. Mean Days of MCHP Serv
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Table C- 19. Characteristics of Mot
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Table C- 22. Number of Service Area
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Table C- 23. Number of Services Use
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Table C- 25. Linear Regression Anal
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Table C- 27. Baseline Characteristi
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2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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