2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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Overall, mothers reported seeking help at higher rates in year 5 compared to prior years. Most of thetrends help-seeking for specific concerns, however, fluctuated up and down and showed no clear patternsover time. The exceptions were trends in help-seeking for childcare, employment, reading/writing skills,dental care, and children’s language and communication, which tended to increase over time. In contrast,trends in help-seeking for family planning and parenting information tended to decrease over time.Mothers Perceptions of Reasons Services Not ReceivedWhen mothers reported they did not receive help they sought, we asked them why. As shown in Table 56,many of the reasons were related to program or provider limitations. Most often, mothers said they weretold they were not eligible for help when they applied for services because they did not meet the incomethreshold, did not live in the service area, or for some other reason. In some cases, mothers were eligiblefor help at the time they applied, but the service was not available, and they were put on a waiting list.This explanation was often given to mothers who did not receive a childcare subsidy. In other cases,mothers were told that services were no longer available (for example, as was the case with Section 8housing vouchers), or that the agency would not provide a service for some other reason.Another type of reason why mothers did not receive services was that they had started or completed anenrollment process and were waiting for services and, thus, were reasonably assured of obtaining theservice in the future. These included mothers who had submitted their applications and were waiting for aresponse and mothers who had an appointment scheduled. Another small group of mothers said they hadcontacted a service provider but had not received a response.A third category of reason includes characteristics of individual mothers that interfered with theirparticipation in services for which they might have been eligible, including a lack of follow-through orpersistence, losing paperwork or not having the necessary paperwork, and having accessibility issues,such as a lack of childcare or transportation, or difficulty scheduling an appointment. Some of thesereasons, of course, overlapped with program and provider factors, such as eligibility requirements andoffice hours.As discussed in the third study report (Spielberger et al., 2009), analysis of three waves of qualitative datasuggest that a number of other factors affect service use. Mothers frequently reported reasons related toprovider characteristics that adversely affected their receipt of services. For example, a mother whosechild was covered under Medicaid his first year lost coverage when she reapplied because she was toldher income from a new job was too high. Medicaid referred her to KidCare, but KidCare staff referred herback to Medicaid. After several months of being bounced back and forth between the two programs, sheChapin Hall at the University of Chicago 101
grew tired of the situation and stopped applying. At the time of her last interview, no one in the familyhad insurance of any kind. They reported using a local clinic for any medical needs.Table 56. Mothers Seeking Help Who Did Not Receive Services at Year 5 aReason Frequency Percent bMother/children not eligible for services (income too high, do not live inservice area)74 31Mother made contact but has not heard back 36 15Mother put on waiting list 31 13Service not available anymore (e.g., no vouchers left, no waiting list) 16 7In process of getting service (paperwork in process) 14 6Mother lost paperwork or did not have necessary papers 13 5Mother received response from provider but still has a concern 10 4Mother sought help for area of concern, but agency did not cover 9 4Transportation problems 7 3Mother frustrated and gave up or no longer interested so did not follow up 7 3Told no jobs available 4 2Childcare problems 4 2Service too costly 3 1Mother has not received help yet but has appointment scheduled 3 1Mother unable to contact service 3 1Mother missed appointment 2 1Language barrier 2 1Accessibility—difficult to schedule appointments due to scheduleconflicts1 0Husband/partner will not commit to help 1 0Total number of reasons given 240a Data were weighted to adjust for oversampling of mothers from the Glades and mothers screened “at risk.”bPercentage of all reasons. Multiple responses were allowed.Use of the Maternal Child Health System and Other Formal ServicesOne function of the MCHP system is to link families to other needed services and supports available inthe community. Thus, to better understand the relationship between participation in the maternal childhealth system and the use of other formal services, we previously conducted a series of analyses tocompare the experiences of mothers who last received MCHP treatment services more than 12 monthsbefore each survey date in years 2 through 4 to mothers who never received any MCHP treatmentservices (see Spielberger et al., 2010). 56 Data for the analyses came from the second-through-fourth-yearChapin Hall household surveys and from the Vital Statistics and FOCiS data systems.56 We focused on treatment service use that occurred prior to the 12-month period preceding the survey to help ensure thattreatment service receipt did not overlap with receipt of other services.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 102
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FifthMarciaGouvêa2011
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AcknowledgmentsThis fifth report of
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Chapin Hall at the University of Ch
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List of TablesTable 1. Components o
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Table 58. Logistic Regression of Mo
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Table C- 24. Mothers’ Baseline an
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• In addition, we observed a pote
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kind of out-of-home educational exp
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IntroductionOver the last three dec
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eadiness and school success and in
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The study’s comprehensive, longit
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Table 2. Characteristics of Mothers
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The Year 5 Study SampleTable 4 show
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Household Structure, Employment, an
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Although mothers continued to repor
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Table 6. Family Income and Economic
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Specifically, mothers living outsid
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at the birth of the focal child tha
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Table 10. Reasons for Transportatio
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Health, Healthcare, and ChildDevelo
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two years of the study. In year 1 1
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Subsequent Pregnancies and Prenatal
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Children’s HealthcareMost (80%) o
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private plans or HMOs increased sig
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outside the TGAs to report that all
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Children’s Behavior and Developme
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cultural norms regarding what sorts
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Table 21. Emerging Pre-academic Ski
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the year 5 interview, over three-qu
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various activities, mothers reporte
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Negative Parenting PracticesThere i
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Table 28. Fathers’ Negative Paren
Page 70 and 71: Table 30. Parent Involvement Activi
Page 72 and 73: Table 32. Mothers’ Positive Paren
Page 74 and 75: Table 34. Mothers’ Parent Involve
Page 76 and 77: The most frequent parent involvemen
Page 78 and 79: Figure 3. Primary Childcare Arrange
Page 80 and 81: for 6 months, but when the subsidy
Page 82 and 83: ecause it is of particular interest
Page 84 and 85: types of care between mothers whose
Page 86 and 87: Table 40. Characteristics of Mother
Page 88 and 89: Table 41). Of the 204 children, 91
Page 90 and 91: commented on their children’s nee
Page 92 and 93: nonparental childcare arrangement f
Page 94 and 95: Informal and Community SupportAn un
Page 96 and 97: Table 46. Frequency of Husband/Part
Page 98 and 99: We also asked the mothers about the
Page 100 and 101: Table 49. Type of Family/Friends Su
Page 102 and 103: Access to Support by TGAFigure 5 sh
Page 104 and 105: Use of Formal ServicesA central que
Page 106 and 107: Correlates of At-Risk StatusA large
Page 108 and 109: services after 6 months. Among the
Page 110 and 111: Enhanced ServicesEnhanced services
Page 112 and 113: Termination of MCHP ServicesAs prev
Page 114 and 115: services were fairly stable, althou
Page 116 and 117: languages. The fact that more mothe
Page 118 and 119: In interpreting these results, it s
Page 122 and 123: We found that in years 2 and 3, aft
Page 124 and 125: We also found that mothers tended t
Page 126 and 127: variables that could potentially be
Page 128 and 129: significant levels of stress. Paren
Page 130 and 131: positive parenting items and 5 nega
Page 132 and 133: friend/neighbor/other), which were
Page 134 and 135: Table 60. Logistic Regression of Ch
Page 140 and 141: County in either fall 2009 or fall
Page 142 and 143: Figure 6. Percent of Focal Children
Page 144 and 145: Next, we conducted logistic regress
Page 146 and 147: Table 68. Selected Maternal and Chi
Page 148 and 149: R 2 .180*p < .05, **p < .01, or ***
Page 150 and 151: SummarySimilar to previous analyses
Page 152 and 153: less than a high school education,
Page 154 and 155: Parenting PracticesWhen surveyed in
Page 156 and 157: We also looked at the stability of
Page 158 and 159: Service Use, Maternal Functioning,
Page 160 and 161: Conclusions and ImplicationsMore th
Page 162 and 163: Meanwhile, our findings indicate th
Page 164 and 165: literacy skills, families who do no
Page 166 and 167: BibliographyAbidin, R. R. (1995). P
Page 168 and 169: Dinan, K. A. (2005a). Federal polic
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Leventhal, T., Brooks-Gunn, J., McC
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Weisner, T. S. (1984). A cross-cult
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What are pathways to service use? W
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Table A- 1. FOCiS Codes for MCHP Se
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Table A- 2. Interview Study Samplin
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Table A- 3. Household Survey Topics
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Table A- 5. Reasons for Sample Attr
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we sought to identify the ecologica
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Table B- 2. Characteritics of TGA M
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Figure B- 1. Characteristics of Mot
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Figure B- 5. Percentage of PBC Moth
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Table B- 5. Logistic Regression Pre
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Table B- 7. Characteristics of TGA
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Table B- 9. Logistic Regression Pre
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Type of Enhanced Service2009N% of M
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Table B- 12. Logistic Regression Pr
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Numberof BirthswithReferrals2009 TG
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Table B- 15. OLS Logistic Regressio
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Table C- 1. Selected Characteristic
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Table C- 4. Social and Emotional Be
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Table C- 7. Communication Skills of
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Table C- 11. Emerging Literacy and
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Table C- 14. Mothers’ Negative Pa
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Number of Different Arrangements ac
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Figure C- 1. Mean Days of MCHP Serv
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Table C- 19. Characteristics of Mot
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Table C- 22. Number of Service Area
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Table C- 23. Number of Services Use
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Table C- 25. Linear Regression Anal
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Table C- 27. Baseline Characteristi
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2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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