2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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services were fairly stable, although there has been a small drop-off in the use of family planning or birthcontrol services.Table 51. Help Received for Basic Family Needs over Time a % Mothers (N=310)Service AreaYear 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5Healthcare for mother or children 75 95 94 89 86Getting enough food (includes receipt offood stamps and WIC)89 87 68 70 72Dental care 22 27 26 55 59Childcare (includes subsidy use) 17 27 28 40 41Family planning or birth control — b 33 28 20 25Paying rent or bills (includes receipt of ahousing voucher)11 10 10 11 15Housing or emergency shelter c 5 10 10 11 11Mental health or substance abuse 2 2 3 8 11Legal issues 2 2 6 7 6Parenting information 73 23 11 5 8Transportation 17 16 7 5 7Employment 5 5 3 5 9Clothes for children 6 5 3 2 5Domestic violence — — — 2 3Reading or writing skills — 0 0 1 1Translating things into English d 11728—(n=147) (n=149) (n=152) (n=142)a Data were weighted to adjust for oversampling of mothers from the Glades and mothers screened “at risk.”b Item not included in year 1 survey.c The year 1 survey had one item combining housing and emergency shelter, which was separated into two items in allsubsequent surveys; they are combined in this analysis.d Only those mothers who do not speak English as their primary language were asked this question (n=147, 149, 152, 142).*Paired sample t-tests indicate that the following year-to-year differences are statistically significant at p < .05 or lower: health1vs. health2; health1 vs. health3; health1 vs. health4; health1 vs. health5; health2 vs. health4; health2 vs. health5; health3 vs.health4; health3 vs. health5; food1 vs. food3; food1 vs. food4; food1 vs. food5; food2 vs. food3; food2 vs. food4; food2 vs.food5; familyplanning2 vs. familyplanning4; familyplanning2 vs. familyplanning5; familyplanning3 vs. familyplanning4; dental1vs. dental4; dental1 vs. dental5; dental2 vs. dental4; dental2 vs. dental5; dental3 vs. dental4; dental3 vs. dental5; childcare1 vs.childcare2; childcare1 vs. childcare3; childcare1 vs. childcare4; childcare1 vs. childcare5; childcare2 vs. childcare4; childcare2vs. childcare5; childcare3 vs. childcare4; childcare3 vs. childcare5; childcare4 vs. childcare5; parenting1 vs. parenting2;parenting1 vs. parenting3; parenting1 vs. parenting4; parenting1 vs. parenting5; parenting2 vs. parenting3; parenting2 vs.parenting4; parenting2 vs. parenting5; parenting3 vs. parenting4; rentbills2 vs. rentbills5; rentbills3 vs. rentbills5; rentbills4 vs.rentbills5; housing1 vs. housing2; housing1 vs. housing3; housing1 vs. housing4; housing1 vs. housing5;transportation1 vs.transportation3; transportation1 vs. transportation4; transportation1 vs. transportation5; transportation2 vs. transportation3;transportation2 vs. transportation4; transportation2 vs. transportation5; legal1 vs. legal3; legal1 vs. legal4; legal1 vs. legal5;legal2 vs. legal3; legal2 vs. legal4; legal2 vs. legal5; employment1 vs. employment5; employment2 vs. employment5;employment3 vs. employment5; employment4 vs. employment5; clothing1 vs. clothing3; clothing1 vs. clothing4; clothing4 vs.clothing5; mental1 vs. mental4; mental1 vs. mental5; mental2 vs. mental4; mental2 vs. mental5; mental3 vs. mental4; mental3 vs.mental5; translation2 vs. translation4; translation3 vs. translation4; translation4 vs. translation5.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 95
With respect to other services, although only 11 percent of mothers reported use of mental health orsubstance abuse services, this is a significant increase relative to use in the first few years. (Becausemothers might have been reluctant to admit using mental health services, this might represent both anincrease in service use and an increase in mothers’ willingness to share this information with ourinterviewer.) Finally, less than 10 percent of the mothers recalled receiving help with parentinginformation, legal issues, transportation, finding employment, translation services, and clothing forchildren. Just 8 percent of the mothers with limited English proficiency reported receiving help translatingthings into English. The percentages of mothers reporting help in these areas have either been relativelystable over time, or show no clear pattern, except for some decline in the percentage reporting help withparenting information and transportation.Child Development ServicesIn the fifth year, 68 percent of the sample reported that they received help from a program, agency, orprofessional for some aspect of their children’s health or development; this represents an increasecompared to previous years. As shown in Table 52, more than half received help with a concern abouttheir children’s physical health or illness. Sixteen percent received help with a child’s speech or otherlanguage problem, and smaller percentages received help in the other areas, including problems withpaying attention, physical development, and learning new things. In general, these percentages werestable over time, or showed no clear patterns. Of the mothers with children older than 5 years, 28 percentsaid they received help for concerns related to academic progress, and 22 percent reported receiving helpfor concerns related to their children’s homework.Service Use by TGAAs shown in Table C- 22, a larger percentage of mothers living in the Glades TGA group than thoseliving in the non-Glades TGAs or outside the TGAs reported that they received services in five or moreareas, and this is consistent with reports in previous years. In terms of specific areas of service use,mothers living in the Glades were significantly more likely than those living outside the TGAs to receivehelp with getting enough food. They were also significantly more likely than the other two groups ofmothers to receive help with childcare. Also, mothers in the non-Glades TGAs were significantly lesslikely than mothers outside the TGAs to receive help with legal services and domestic violence.These differences in service use might reflect some of the characteristics that differentiate the threesamples, as well as variations in the availability of services in these communities. It may be more difficultfor the larger percentage of foreign-born mothers who do not speak English as their primary language inthe non-Glades TGAs to get information about available services or to find services in their ownChapin Hall at the University of Chicago 96
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FifthMarciaGouvêa2011
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AcknowledgmentsThis fifth report of
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Chapin Hall at the University of Ch
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List of TablesTable 1. Components o
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Table 58. Logistic Regression of Mo
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Table C- 24. Mothers’ Baseline an
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• In addition, we observed a pote
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kind of out-of-home educational exp
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IntroductionOver the last three dec
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eadiness and school success and in
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The study’s comprehensive, longit
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Table 2. Characteristics of Mothers
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The Year 5 Study SampleTable 4 show
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Household Structure, Employment, an
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Although mothers continued to repor
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Table 6. Family Income and Economic
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Specifically, mothers living outsid
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at the birth of the focal child tha
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Table 10. Reasons for Transportatio
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Health, Healthcare, and ChildDevelo
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two years of the study. In year 1 1
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Subsequent Pregnancies and Prenatal
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Children’s HealthcareMost (80%) o
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private plans or HMOs increased sig
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outside the TGAs to report that all
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Children’s Behavior and Developme
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cultural norms regarding what sorts
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Table 21. Emerging Pre-academic Ski
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the year 5 interview, over three-qu
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various activities, mothers reporte
Page 66 and 67: Negative Parenting PracticesThere i
Page 68 and 69: Table 28. Fathers’ Negative Paren
Page 70 and 71: Table 30. Parent Involvement Activi
Page 72 and 73: Table 32. Mothers’ Positive Paren
Page 74 and 75: Table 34. Mothers’ Parent Involve
Page 76 and 77: The most frequent parent involvemen
Page 78 and 79: Figure 3. Primary Childcare Arrange
Page 80 and 81: for 6 months, but when the subsidy
Page 82 and 83: ecause it is of particular interest
Page 84 and 85: types of care between mothers whose
Page 86 and 87: Table 40. Characteristics of Mother
Page 88 and 89: Table 41). Of the 204 children, 91
Page 90 and 91: commented on their children’s nee
Page 92 and 93: nonparental childcare arrangement f
Page 94 and 95: Informal and Community SupportAn un
Page 96 and 97: Table 46. Frequency of Husband/Part
Page 98 and 99: We also asked the mothers about the
Page 100 and 101: Table 49. Type of Family/Friends Su
Page 102 and 103: Access to Support by TGAFigure 5 sh
Page 104 and 105: Use of Formal ServicesA central que
Page 106 and 107: Correlates of At-Risk StatusA large
Page 108 and 109: services after 6 months. Among the
Page 110 and 111: Enhanced ServicesEnhanced services
Page 112 and 113: Termination of MCHP ServicesAs prev
Page 116 and 117: languages. The fact that more mothe
Page 118 and 119: In interpreting these results, it s
Page 120 and 121: Overall, mothers reported seeking h
Page 122 and 123: We found that in years 2 and 3, aft
Page 124 and 125: We also found that mothers tended t
Page 126 and 127: variables that could potentially be
Page 128 and 129: significant levels of stress. Paren
Page 130 and 131: positive parenting items and 5 nega
Page 132 and 133: friend/neighbor/other), which were
Page 134 and 135: Table 60. Logistic Regression of Ch
Page 140 and 141: County in either fall 2009 or fall
Page 142 and 143: Figure 6. Percent of Focal Children
Page 144 and 145: Next, we conducted logistic regress
Page 146 and 147: Table 68. Selected Maternal and Chi
Page 148 and 149: R 2 .180*p < .05, **p < .01, or ***
Page 150 and 151: SummarySimilar to previous analyses
Page 152 and 153: less than a high school education,
Page 154 and 155: Parenting PracticesWhen surveyed in
Page 156 and 157: We also looked at the stability of
Page 158 and 159: Service Use, Maternal Functioning,
Page 160 and 161: Conclusions and ImplicationsMore th
Page 162 and 163: Meanwhile, our findings indicate th
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literacy skills, families who do no
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BibliographyAbidin, R. R. (1995). P
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Dinan, K. A. (2005a). Federal polic
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Leventhal, T., Brooks-Gunn, J., McC
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Weisner, T. S. (1984). A cross-cult
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What are pathways to service use? W
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Table A- 1. FOCiS Codes for MCHP Se
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Table A- 2. Interview Study Samplin
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Table A- 3. Household Survey Topics
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Table A- 5. Reasons for Sample Attr
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we sought to identify the ecologica
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Table B- 2. Characteritics of TGA M
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Figure B- 1. Characteristics of Mot
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Figure B- 5. Percentage of PBC Moth
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Table B- 5. Logistic Regression Pre
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Table B- 7. Characteristics of TGA
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Table B- 9. Logistic Regression Pre
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Type of Enhanced Service2009N% of M
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Table B- 12. Logistic Regression Pr
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Numberof BirthswithReferrals2009 TG
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Table B- 15. OLS Logistic Regressio
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Table C- 1. Selected Characteristic
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Table C- 4. Social and Emotional Be
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Table C- 7. Communication Skills of
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Table C- 11. Emerging Literacy and
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Table C- 14. Mothers’ Negative Pa
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Number of Different Arrangements ac
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Figure C- 1. Mean Days of MCHP Serv
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Table C- 19. Characteristics of Mot
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Table C- 22. Number of Service Area
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Table C- 23. Number of Services Use
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Table C- 25. Linear Regression Anal
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Table C- 27. Baseline Characteristi
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2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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