2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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Table B- 12. Logistic Regression Predicting Likelihood of Receiving Enhanced Services aPredictor Variable Odds Ratio Sig.Baseline CharacteristicsMother drank alcohol while pregnant 1.3 NSMother used WIC while pregnant 1.0 NSMother used tobacco while pregnant b 1.0 NSLate, unknown, or no prenatal care c 1.1 **Mother obtained less than high school diploma 2.1 ***Mother unmarried 1.4 ***Mother younger than 20 0.9 *Maternal health problem during pregnancy d 1.2 ***Child complications at delivery e 1.2 **Low birth weight f 1.1 ^Focal child born premature 1.1 NSGlades residency 1.1 ***Race/nativityBlack—Foreign-born 0.4 ***Hispanic—Foreign-born (excluded category) — —White/other—Foreign-born 0.2 ***Black—U.S.-born 0.1 ***Hispanic—U.S.-born 0.2 ***White/other—U.S.-born 0.1 ***Year of Focal Child’s BirthFocal child was born in 2004 (excluded category) — —Focal child was born in 2005 3.2 ***Focal child was born in 2006 5.2 ***Focal child was born in 2007 5.1 ***Focal child was born in 2008 3.8 ***Focal child was born in 2009 2.0 ***χ 2 (22, N=24,163) 7259.51Pseudo R 2 0.2595a Weights were not applied to this analysis.b Tobacco use does not include those who indicated that they were “unsure” if they used tobacco, but did include those who quitwhile pregnant.c “Late” prenatal care is prenatal care that began in the third trimester.d Diabetes, hypertension, previous preterm birth, previous poor pregnancy outcome, pregnancy result of infertility treatments, or“other” health complicationseVentilator required, newborn given antibiotics, significant birth injury, hyaline membranes disease, NICU admission, seizures,serious neurologic dysfunction, surfactant given to newborn, or “other” delivery complications.f Less than 2500 grams^p < .10, *p < .05, **p < .01, or ***p < .001.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 185
Table B- 13. Outside Service Referrals for 2004–2009 TGA Cohorts Who Received TreatmentServices a 2004–2005 TGA 2006 TGANumberof BirthswithReferralsN=5,030Numberof BirthswithPrenatalReferrals bNumber ofBirths withPostnatalReferrals cNumberof BirthswithReferralsN=2,762Numberof BirthswithPrenatalReferrals bNumber ofBirths withPostnatalReferrals cNutrition and baby supplies 842 434 561 522 239 361Transportation 462 210 344 437 185 326Parenting or health education 398 146 305 320 112 252Medical referrals 323 133 217 188 56 145Counseling 214 87 154 132 70 78Financial services 217 92 146 99 38 71Access to care: insurance 231 126 116 129 71 67Educational services 320 122 218 178 60 138Housing 193 81 130 81 42 50Childcare 181 28 160 120 22 108Employment services 55 17 40 40 9 31Immigration services 32 9 24 15 8 7Domestic violence 32 6 28 22 7 17Teenage-targeted programs 30 14 16 18 5 14Other 754 283 614 587 199 490Numberof BirthswithReferrals2007 TGA 2008 TGAN=2,776Numberof BirthswithPrenatalReferrals bNumber ofBirths withPostnatalReferrals cNumberof BirthswithReferralsN=2,645Numberof BirthswithPrenatalReferrals bNumber ofBirths withPostnatalReferrals cNutrition and baby supplies 683 311 473 303 200 142Transportation 390 215 248 133 72 89Parenting or health education 409 156 301 172 65 114Medical referrals 220 76 159 132 46 92Counseling 115 61 66 41 25 17Financial services 119 35 97 71 24 54Access to care: insurance 115 62 58 51 24 29Educational services 210 78 156 59 35 30Housing 85 47 48 28 12 17Childcare 108 25 89 30 10 21Employment services 50 14 37 19 8 11Immigration services 11 2 9 7 3 5Domestic violence 28 10 19 4 1 3Teenage-targeted programs 42 13 31 10 7 3Other 545 227 428 170 74 119Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 186
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FifthMarciaGouvêa2011
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AcknowledgmentsThis fifth report of
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Chapin Hall at the University of Ch
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List of TablesTable 1. Components o
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Table 58. Logistic Regression of Mo
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Table C- 24. Mothers’ Baseline an
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• In addition, we observed a pote
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kind of out-of-home educational exp
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IntroductionOver the last three dec
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eadiness and school success and in
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The study’s comprehensive, longit
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Table 2. Characteristics of Mothers
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The Year 5 Study SampleTable 4 show
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Household Structure, Employment, an
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Although mothers continued to repor
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Table 6. Family Income and Economic
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Specifically, mothers living outsid
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at the birth of the focal child tha
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Table 10. Reasons for Transportatio
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Health, Healthcare, and ChildDevelo
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two years of the study. In year 1 1
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Subsequent Pregnancies and Prenatal
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Children’s HealthcareMost (80%) o
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private plans or HMOs increased sig
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outside the TGAs to report that all
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Children’s Behavior and Developme
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cultural norms regarding what sorts
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Table 21. Emerging Pre-academic Ski
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the year 5 interview, over three-qu
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various activities, mothers reporte
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Negative Parenting PracticesThere i
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Table 28. Fathers’ Negative Paren
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Table 30. Parent Involvement Activi
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Table 32. Mothers’ Positive Paren
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Table 34. Mothers’ Parent Involve
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The most frequent parent involvemen
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Figure 3. Primary Childcare Arrange
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for 6 months, but when the subsidy
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ecause it is of particular interest
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types of care between mothers whose
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Table 40. Characteristics of Mother
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Table 41). Of the 204 children, 91
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commented on their children’s nee
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nonparental childcare arrangement f
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Informal and Community SupportAn un
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Table 46. Frequency of Husband/Part
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We also asked the mothers about the
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Table 49. Type of Family/Friends Su
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Access to Support by TGAFigure 5 sh
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Use of Formal ServicesA central que
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Correlates of At-Risk StatusA large
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services after 6 months. Among the
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Enhanced ServicesEnhanced services
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Termination of MCHP ServicesAs prev
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services were fairly stable, althou
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languages. The fact that more mothe
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In interpreting these results, it s
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Overall, mothers reported seeking h
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We found that in years 2 and 3, aft
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We also found that mothers tended t
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variables that could potentially be
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significant levels of stress. Paren
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positive parenting items and 5 nega
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friend/neighbor/other), which were
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Table 60. Logistic Regression of Ch
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County in either fall 2009 or fall
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Figure 6. Percent of Focal Children
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Next, we conducted logistic regress
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Table 68. Selected Maternal and Chi
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R 2 .180*p < .05, **p < .01, or ***
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SummarySimilar to previous analyses
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less than a high school education,
Page 154 and 155: Parenting PracticesWhen surveyed in
Page 156 and 157: We also looked at the stability of
Page 158 and 159: Service Use, Maternal Functioning,
Page 160 and 161: Conclusions and ImplicationsMore th
Page 162 and 163: Meanwhile, our findings indicate th
Page 164 and 165: literacy skills, families who do no
Page 166 and 167: BibliographyAbidin, R. R. (1995). P
Page 168 and 169: Dinan, K. A. (2005a). Federal polic
Page 170 and 171: Leventhal, T., Brooks-Gunn, J., McC
Page 172 and 173: Weisner, T. S. (1984). A cross-cult
Page 174 and 175: What are pathways to service use? W
Page 176 and 177: Table A- 1. FOCiS Codes for MCHP Se
Page 178 and 179: Table A- 2. Interview Study Samplin
Page 180 and 181: Table A- 3. Household Survey Topics
Page 182 and 183: Table A- 5. Reasons for Sample Attr
Page 184 and 185: we sought to identify the ecologica
Page 186 and 187: Table B- 2. Characteritics of TGA M
Page 188 and 189: Figure B- 1. Characteristics of Mot
Page 192 and 193: Figure B- 5. Percentage of PBC Moth
Page 194 and 195: Table B- 5. Logistic Regression Pre
Page 198 and 199: Table B- 7. Characteristics of TGA
Page 200 and 201: Table B- 9. Logistic Regression Pre
Page 202 and 203: Type of Enhanced Service2009N% of M
Page 206 and 207: Numberof BirthswithReferrals2009 TG
Page 208 and 209: Table B- 15. OLS Logistic Regressio
Page 210 and 211: Table C- 1. Selected Characteristic
Page 212 and 213: Table C- 4. Social and Emotional Be
Page 214 and 215: Table C- 7. Communication Skills of
Page 216 and 217: Table C- 11. Emerging Literacy and
Page 218 and 219: Table C- 14. Mothers’ Negative Pa
Page 220 and 221: Number of Different Arrangements ac
Page 222 and 223: Figure C- 1. Mean Days of MCHP Serv
Page 224 and 225: Table C- 19. Characteristics of Mot
Page 226 and 227: Table C- 22. Number of Service Area
Page 228 and 229: Table C- 23. Number of Services Use
Page 230 and 231: Table C- 25. Linear Regression Anal
Page 232 and 233: Table C- 27. Baseline Characteristi
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2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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