2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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Table 68. Selected Maternal and Child Characteristics by FAIR ScoresVital Statistics DataRace/ethnicity and NativityTotal Below 67% 67% or higherN=289 n=181 n=108Black, U.S.-born 36 36 36Black, Foreign-born* 11 7 17Hispanic, U.S.-born 8 7 10Hispanic; Foreign-born* 40 45 32Other 5 5 6Teen mother 20 22 19First trimester prenatal care* 40 35 47Year 1 (Baseline) Survey DataLanguage spoken at homeEnglish 50 46 57Spanish* 41 46 32Other 9 7 11Lives with partner 62 64 58Less than high school diploma** 59 65 49At or below poverty threshold*** 71 79 58Mother currently employed** 13 8 20Depression score ≥ 16 36 38 33Focal child’s age in months (mean, sd) 1.8 (1.1) 1.7 (1.1) 1.9 (1.1)Number of children (mean, sd) 2.0 (1.2) 2.0 (1.1) 2.0 (1.3)Negative housing conditions (mean, sd) 1.3 (1.7) 1.4 (1.8) 1.1 (1.6)Overall Parenting Score (mean, sd)** 0.78 (.16) 0.75 (.16) 0.81 (.14)Year 1-3 Survey DataNumber of well-child medical visits (mean, sd) 6.4 (2.7) 6.4 (2.8) 6.3 (2.5)Year 1-5 Survey DataNumber of years of health insurance (mean, sd)* 4.0 (1.1) 3.9 (1.2) 4.2 (1.0)Year 2 Survey DataFocal child has special needs 20 20 21Year 2-5 Survey DataNumber of services used Years 2-5 (mean, sd) 3.6 (1.6) 3.7 (1.6) 3.5 (1.6)Year 5 Survey DataChildcare optionsQIS Center, Head Start, Prekindergarten 21 18 24Non-QIS Center, Head Start, Prekindergarten 20 18 23Family Childcare 2 2 2Friend, Neighbor or Other 6 6 7At home with parent or relative* 51 56 43a Analyses were not weighted and were not selected.Notes: With regard to number of well child visits, it should be noted that in Year 1 this item was phrased as "Since focal childwas born, how many times has s/he going for well-baby check-ups?" In years 2 and 3, this item was phrased as "During the last 6months, how many times has focal child gone for well-baby check-ups?"Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 127
parenting practices at year 1 were a positive factor in scoring ready for school on the FAIR. The odds ofchildren whose home language is Spanish were lower compared to other children of scoring ready on theFAIR, but the results were not statistically significant. 72Table 69. First Logistic Regression Predicting FAIR ScoresLog Odds Ratio Sig.Vital Statistics DataRace/EthnicityBlack; U.S.-born -0.12 .89 NSBlack; Foreign-born 1.65 5.22 **Hispanic; U.S.-born -0.08 .92 NSOther 0.28 1.32 NSHispanic; Foreign-born (Excluded category) — — —Teen mother 0.31 1.37 NSReceived prenatal care in first trimester or earlier 0.02 1.02 NSYear 1 Survey DataLives with partner -0.19 .83 NSLess than high school diploma -0.08 .93 NSAt or below poverty threshold -1.13 .32 **Mother currently employed 1.11 3.04 *Depression score -0.57 .57 NSNumber of children -0.03 .97 NSNegative housing conditions -0.16 .85 NSOverall Parenting Score 3.00 20.04 **Year 1-3 Survey DataNumber of well-child medical visits -0.06 .94 NSYear 1-5 Survey DataNumber of years of health insurance 0.21 1.23 NSYear 2 Survey DataFocal child has special needs -0.04 .96 NSYear 2-5 Survey DataNumber of services used Year 2-5 0.18 1.20 NSYear 5 Survey DataChildcare optionsQIS Center, Head Start, Prekindergarten (Excluded category) — — —Non-QIS Center, Head Start, Prekindergarten 0.09 1.10 NSFamily childcare or Friend, Neighbor or Other 0.26 1.30 NSAt home with parent or relative -0.05 .95 NSχ 2 (21 , N=236) 46.78972 We also conducted a separate regression analysis of the sample of foreign-born mothers to examine the relationship betweenyears in the U.S. and child's score on the FAIR and found that it was at best only marginally significant with an odds ratio of 0.9.The Year 1 parenting score continued to be highly significant in this regression.Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago 128
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FifthMarciaGouvêa2011
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AcknowledgmentsThis fifth report of
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Chapin Hall at the University of Ch
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List of TablesTable 1. Components o
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Table 58. Logistic Regression of Mo
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Table C- 24. Mothers’ Baseline an
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• In addition, we observed a pote
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kind of out-of-home educational exp
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IntroductionOver the last three dec
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eadiness and school success and in
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The study’s comprehensive, longit
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Table 2. Characteristics of Mothers
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The Year 5 Study SampleTable 4 show
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Household Structure, Employment, an
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Although mothers continued to repor
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Table 6. Family Income and Economic
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Specifically, mothers living outsid
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at the birth of the focal child tha
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Table 10. Reasons for Transportatio
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Health, Healthcare, and ChildDevelo
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two years of the study. In year 1 1
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Subsequent Pregnancies and Prenatal
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Children’s HealthcareMost (80%) o
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private plans or HMOs increased sig
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outside the TGAs to report that all
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Children’s Behavior and Developme
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cultural norms regarding what sorts
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Table 21. Emerging Pre-academic Ski
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the year 5 interview, over three-qu
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various activities, mothers reporte
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Negative Parenting PracticesThere i
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Table 28. Fathers’ Negative Paren
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Table 30. Parent Involvement Activi
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Table 32. Mothers’ Positive Paren
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Table 34. Mothers’ Parent Involve
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The most frequent parent involvemen
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Figure 3. Primary Childcare Arrange
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for 6 months, but when the subsidy
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ecause it is of particular interest
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types of care between mothers whose
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Table 40. Characteristics of Mother
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Table 41). Of the 204 children, 91
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commented on their children’s nee
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nonparental childcare arrangement f
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Informal and Community SupportAn un
Page 96 and 97: Table 46. Frequency of Husband/Part
Page 98 and 99: We also asked the mothers about the
Page 100 and 101: Table 49. Type of Family/Friends Su
Page 102 and 103: Access to Support by TGAFigure 5 sh
Page 104 and 105: Use of Formal ServicesA central que
Page 106 and 107: Correlates of At-Risk StatusA large
Page 108 and 109: services after 6 months. Among the
Page 110 and 111: Enhanced ServicesEnhanced services
Page 112 and 113: Termination of MCHP ServicesAs prev
Page 114 and 115: services were fairly stable, althou
Page 116 and 117: languages. The fact that more mothe
Page 118 and 119: In interpreting these results, it s
Page 120 and 121: Overall, mothers reported seeking h
Page 122 and 123: We found that in years 2 and 3, aft
Page 124 and 125: We also found that mothers tended t
Page 126 and 127: variables that could potentially be
Page 128 and 129: significant levels of stress. Paren
Page 130 and 131: positive parenting items and 5 nega
Page 132 and 133: friend/neighbor/other), which were
Page 134 and 135: Table 60. Logistic Regression of Ch
Page 140 and 141: County in either fall 2009 or fall
Page 142 and 143: Figure 6. Percent of Focal Children
Page 144 and 145: Next, we conducted logistic regress
Page 148 and 149: R 2 .180*p < .05, **p < .01, or ***
Page 150 and 151: SummarySimilar to previous analyses
Page 152 and 153: less than a high school education,
Page 154 and 155: Parenting PracticesWhen surveyed in
Page 156 and 157: We also looked at the stability of
Page 158 and 159: Service Use, Maternal Functioning,
Page 160 and 161: Conclusions and ImplicationsMore th
Page 162 and 163: Meanwhile, our findings indicate th
Page 164 and 165: literacy skills, families who do no
Page 166 and 167: BibliographyAbidin, R. R. (1995). P
Page 168 and 169: Dinan, K. A. (2005a). Federal polic
Page 170 and 171: Leventhal, T., Brooks-Gunn, J., McC
Page 172 and 173: Weisner, T. S. (1984). A cross-cult
Page 174 and 175: What are pathways to service use? W
Page 176 and 177: Table A- 1. FOCiS Codes for MCHP Se
Page 178 and 179: Table A- 2. Interview Study Samplin
Page 180 and 181: Table A- 3. Household Survey Topics
Page 182 and 183: Table A- 5. Reasons for Sample Attr
Page 184 and 185: we sought to identify the ecologica
Page 186 and 187: Table B- 2. Characteritics of TGA M
Page 188 and 189: Figure B- 1. Characteristics of Mot
Page 190 and 191: Figure B- 3. Characteristics of Mot
Page 192 and 193: Figure B- 5. Percentage of PBC Moth
Page 194 and 195: Table B- 5. Logistic Regression Pre
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Figure B- 7. Characteristics of Mot
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Table B- 7. Characteristics of TGA
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Table B- 9. Logistic Regression Pre
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Type of Enhanced Service2009N% of M
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Table B- 12. Logistic Regression Pr
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Numberof BirthswithReferrals2009 TG
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Table B- 15. OLS Logistic Regressio
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Table C- 1. Selected Characteristic
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Table C- 4. Social and Emotional Be
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Table C- 7. Communication Skills of
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Table C- 11. Emerging Literacy and
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Table C- 14. Mothers’ Negative Pa
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Number of Different Arrangements ac
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Figure C- 1. Mean Days of MCHP Serv
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Table C- 19. Characteristics of Mot
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Table C- 22. Number of Service Area
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Table C- 23. Number of Services Use
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Table C- 25. Linear Regression Anal
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Table C- 27. Baseline Characteristi
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2011 The Palm Beach County Family Study (Full Report)

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