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1 Mr 2 Ar V 2 � cos ( ) Lr.y Cf FURLING AND YAW ANALYSIS (I.23) Where cos(�) is the projection of the rotor area onto a plane, which is perpendicular to the wind direction. The variables equate those of (I.1). U<strong>sin</strong>g the derived moment equations, the alignment of the wind turbine is calculated in two different scenarios, as illustrated on figure I.4. In the first scenario the wind turbine aligns with the wind by rotating clockwise and in the second it rotates counter clockwise. Figure I.4: Alignment of the wind turbine Top: CW rotation. Bottom: CCW rotation 207
LIST OF ATTACHMENTSFURLING AND YAW ANALYSIS For the first scenario of CW rotation the equilibrium equation is: Which yields a yaw error � of 3.50°. For the second scenario of CCW rotation the equilibrium equation is: Which yields a yaw error � of 2.24°. The largest yaw error of 3.50° occurs during CW rotation for alignment. The error is con- sidered low enough to be acceptable. 208 I.2 Furling mechanism The present calculation verifies the overall functionality of the furling mechanism, by checking that furling is initiated at a wind speed of 14 m/s. The calculation is based on the principle of energy conservation. It is assumed that the amount of work performed by the furling rotor is translated into an increased potential energy of the tail, see description in section 8.2. The energy conversion is expressed mathematically by: Mv � Mr � Mfr.tot � 0 Mfr.tot � Mr � Mv � 0 Where Wr is the work performed by the rotor: Wr And Ev is the potential energy of the tail: Ev � Wr � Ftf Lr.y�f Ev � mv g h Ftf is the rotor thrust force, which is found u<strong>sin</strong>g the rotor calculation tool calculated. Lr.y is the moment arm of 107.5 mm shown on figure I.3 and �f is the furling angle of figure 8.6. mv is the tail mass of 17.5 kg and Δh is the gained height of the tail’s mass centre. (I.24) (I.25) (I.26) (I.27) (I.28)
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WIND TURBINE DESIGN
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ABSTRACT At the request of the Engi
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CONTENTS 1 Introduction ...........
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E Structural analysis of blades ...
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INTRODUCTION members. Today EWB-DK
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INTRODUCTION Figure 1.2: Left pictu
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INTRODUCTION 6
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PROBLEM STATEMENT reconfigured with
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PROBLEM STATEMENT 10
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METHODOLOGY Figure 3.1: Flow chart
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METHODOLOGY 14 3.1 Calculation meth
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CONCEPTUALISATION the kinetic wind
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CONCEPTUALISATION Figure 4.3: (a) D
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CONCEPTUALISATION issues due to tur
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CONCEPTUALISATION 22 Figure 4.8: Ty
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CONCEPTUALISATION � Darrieus 24 F
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CONCEPTUALISATION 26 Figure 4.13: G
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CONCEPTUALISATION Figure 4.14: Powe
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CONCEPTUALISATION 30 ID Requirement
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CONCEPTUALISATION most suitable sol
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CONCEPTUALISATION The embodiment de
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DESIGN PRESENTATION The main dimens
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DESIGN PRESENTATION The design prop
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DESIGN PRESENTATION The background
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ROTOR 42 6.1 Number of blades Moder
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ROTOR 44 Figure 6.4: Blade design s
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ROTOR Table 6.3 provides a material
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ROTOR Figure 6.7 displays the lift
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ROTOR Figure 6.9: Rotor power outpu
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ROTOR 6.2.3 Manufacturing During th
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ROTOR 54 The three sides of the tem
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ROTOR When the carving process is f
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ROTOR 58 Figure 6.17: Blade attachm
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ROTOR 60 Figure 6.19: Rotor power o
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ROTOR 62 Figure 6.22: Efficiency
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ROTOR sidering the output from the
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ROTOR 66
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GENERATOR AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 68
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GENERATOR AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM The
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GENERATOR AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Fig
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GENERATOR AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 74
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YAW AND FURLING For an upwind wind
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YAW AND FURLING (16), which are bol
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YAW AND FURLING 80 8.2 Furling syst
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YAW AND FURLING 82 8.3 Summary The
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TOWER Concrete tower 84 Figure 9.1:
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TOWER 86 Figure 9.4: Turbulent air
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TOWER Figure 9.7 shows the tower ba
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TOWER models [41, p. 111]. Under ce
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ALTERNATIVE BLADE DESIGN 92 10.1 Ai
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ALTERNATIVE BLADE DESIGN 94 10.3 Su
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DESIGN EVALUATION 96 6 W Low-cost m
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DESIGN EVALUATION Weaknesses 1) The
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FURTHER DEVELOPMENT � Foundation
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FURTHER DEVELOPMENT 102
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CONCLUSION proposal is highly flexi
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NOMENCLATURE Abbreviation Descripti
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NOMENCLATURE Lgs Distance between u
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NOMENCLATURE 110
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [14] Magenn Power Inc.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [53] H. J. Larsen, H.
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSBASIS FOR CALCUL
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR THEORY Thi
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR THEORY 134
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR THEORY Cho
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR THEORY 138
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR DESIGN TOO
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSROTOR DESIGN TOO
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSAIRFOIL With the
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSAIRFOIL Complete
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LIST OF ATTACHMENTSSTRUCTURAL ANALY
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Page 163 and 164: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSSTRUCTURAL ANALY
Page 191 and 192: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSBLADE ATTACHMENT
Page 197 and 198: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSSTRUCTURAL VERIF
Page 203 and 204: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSTOWER ANALYSIS T
Page 209 and 210: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSFURLING AND YAW
Page 213: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSFURLING AND YAW
Page 221 and 222: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSALTERNATIVE AIRF
Page 231: LIST OF ATTACHMENTSCOMPLIANCE WITH
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