STEP 5PRE-PRODUCTION, PRODUCTIONAND POST-PRODUCTIONPRE-PRODUCTIONPre-production is about making sure you have everything in place before going intothe recording studio—the script, actors, music, sound effects, field recordings, areserved studio and the budget to complete it all. Select and work with the bestradio writers, actors and producers available. Commercial sector professionalssometimes will donate their talent to health communication programs, as long ashigh production standards are maintained. Entertainers and/or other celebrities mayalso be willing to become an active partner in your efforts.Before going into the studio, be sure these items are ready:• Your script is your map for the recording session. It provides direction—cues andtiming—for where and when to use voice, music, sound effects and even silence.• The characters should reflect your audience. They must be believable andconsistent. Their voices, beliefs and motivation, as well as the situation, should bea mirror for the people you want to reach.• Good casting can make or break your production. Audition your vocal talent. Askthem to read the script aloud and, if possible, record their performance. Then,close your eyes and listen for what they bring to your characters and yourmessage. Also, make sure your cast knows what is expected. They must be reliableand on time for any rehearsals and for the recording session.• Once you have your cast and script, rehearse. This is a good chance to listen toyour spot and fix any sound problems in the script before recording. Rehearsalcan also give you a good idea of what you can expect from your talent at therecording session.• Dialogue should echo the way the target audience speaks. Radio is processed byour ears so the quality of a character’s voice is a key to his or her ability tocommunicate effectively.• Music and sound effects should be auditioned and selected and any rightssecured before going into the recording studio.• Make the best use of your resources by developing a schedule that specifies thetime you will need to accomplish each phase of the process—from scripting andcasting to recording to post-production editing to copying (“dubbing”) to deliveringthe spot to the radio station(s). The better organized and prepared you are, themore you will be able to control your budget.Spot On <strong>Malaria</strong>: Guide71
STEP 5: PRE-PRODUCTION, PRODUCTION AND POST-PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION• Whether the recording is done at a radio station or an independent studio, findout how much it costs to rent the facility and what that fee includes. For example,does the fee cover an engineer? Tape/recording medium? Special effects, CDs,recording equipment? What about mastering tape, a stopwatch and an editing kit?Once you have your script, actors and studio scheduled, you can begin the finalproduction of your spots.Who does what in the studioThe key tasks of this phase are directing, recording and producing. Different peoplemay do the jobs below, or one person may do all three.The engineer/technician runs the recording equipment.The director ensures that the spot follows the script. She or he briefs the engineer onwhat is required and guides the actors’ performance. The director:• Checks the studio clock, cue light, headphones, any talkback mechanism or otherequipment to make sure everything is in working order.• Brings pencils/pens for marking any script changes.• Reminds the actors not to rattle the script and ensures that no one wears anythingthat might knock or rattle (such as bracelets or cufflinks).• Helps the actors rehearse to get the performance just right, and pays attention tothe inflection, pacing and sound of the voices through the microphones. Is gentlewith criticism and direction.• Does not stop actors in the middle of a performance or reading. If anyone else hascomments, the director conveys them to the actors.The producer is in charge of the performance and guides the overall shape of thespot by, for example, describing the range of emotion required. He or she is thebridge between other staff, the engineer and the actors. The producer also makessure all the necessary studio equipment is available and working. The producer:• Gives everyone in the studio a copy of the script and ensures each knows what isrequired.• Has a clear idea of the overall impression the spot will make on the audience andprovides guidance to the actors (for example, should the voice be quiet, strongand compassionate? Should it sound confident, relaxed, worried, or excited? Whatabout inflection, speed, pacing and projection?). Also selects music or soundeffects to help establish the right mood.• Finds out from the engineer how the mix will be done and when the “rough cut”of the spot will be ready.72 Spot On <strong>Malaria</strong>: Guide
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SPOT ONMALARIAA Guide toAdapting, D
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis Guide is adapte
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CONTENTSOVERVIEWSpotlight on malari
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ABBREVIATIONSANCCIDADDDHSDFIDIMCIIP
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OVERVIEWSPOTLIGHT ON MALARIAEach ye
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OVERVIEWWHEN ARE RADIO SPOTS NOT US
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OVERVIEWGathering information perio
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STEP 1GATHER INFORMATION,BUILD YOUR
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STEP 1: GATHER INFORMATION, BUILD Y
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STEP 1: GATHER INFORMATION, BUILD Y
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- Page 94 and 95: ANNEX 1RESOURCESINTRODUCTION TO MAL
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- Page 106 and 107: Seven-step radio spot production cy
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Notetaking sheet: Radio spot pretes
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Who listens and whenRadio station:L
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Radio spot monitoring: A planning w
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Radio spot evaluation: A planning w
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Malaria communication activities pl
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ANNEX 3SAMPLE SCRIPTS FOR SPOTSTOPI
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ANNEX 4: GLOSSARYRadio spot: A shor
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ANNEX 4: GLOSSARYRADIO PRODUCTIONFa
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CHANGE ProjectAcademy for Education