Part 6. JUNCACEAE 1: Rostkovia to Luzula - Species Plantarum ...

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SPECIES PLANTARUM — FLORA OF THE WORLD (2002)
10. Luzula sylvatica (Huds.) Gaudin, Agrost. Helv. 2: 240 (1811)
Juncus sylvaticus Huds., Fl. Angl. 32 (1762); Juncoides sylvatica (Huds.) Druce, Fl. Oxfordshire 434 (1927).
T: England, Hamstead, Hudson; syn: not extant; Juncus foliis planis latissimis...Hall. helv. 257 [A. von Haller,
Enum. Meth. Stirp. Helv. Ind. 1: 257 (1742)]; [Switzerland; citation from Haller (1742): in sylvis opacis: v.g.
montis Falconarii, circa Tigurum Scheuchzer]; syn: P-Haller.
Luzula haussknechtiana Freyn & Sint., Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 1, 4: 200, 1896. T: Turkey, Darsos Dagh,
P.E.E.Sintenis 5775; syn: BM, BRNM, PR, WU.
Luzula sylvatica subsp. croatica Beyer, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 41: xix (1900); Luzula
sylvatica var. croatica (Beyer) Buchenau, in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. (iv.36) 25: 55 (1906). T: Croatia,
‘Klek bei Ogulin’, Musulinski Potok, R.Beyer; syn: n.v.; Croatia, 'Turcovic Sello', R.Beyer; syn: n.v.
Luzula sylvatica var. dertosensis P. Monts., Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 21(2) [1963]: 441 (1964).
T: Spain, Ports de Tortosa, Font dels Bassis, 750 m, 25 May 1917, P.Font Quer; holo: BC; iso: BC.
Luzula sylvatica A.I.a.b.[unranked] pulchra Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(2): 499 (1904). T: SW Alps
[otherwise not indicated].
Luzula sylvatica f. altissima Kožuharov, Izv. Bot. Inst. (Sofia) 11: 126 (1963), nom. inval.
Maps: H.Meusel, E.Jäger & E.Weinert, Vergl. Chorol. Zentraleur. Fl. 1: 87 (1965); E.Hultén & M.Fries, Atlas
N. Eur. Vasc. Pl. 1: map 164 (1986).
Perennials, usually up to 100 cm tall, caespitose to loosely caespitose; rhizome stout, long,
branched, horizontal to ascending; stolons ±absent. Basal leaves up to 40 cm long, usually
4–12 mm wide; cauline leaves 3–5 (–7); leaf tip ±acute; margins ±smooth. Lower bract
(1.2–) 2.0–3.0 (–5.0) cm long, shorter than inflorescence. Inflorescence decompound, usually
lax, up to 20 cm long; secondary anthelas with 5–45 flowers; terminal clusters (1–) 2–3 (–5)flowered.
Bracteoles whitish-membranous, ovate, up to c. 2 mm long, sparsely ciliate. Tepals
subequal; outer tepals usually 2–4 (–5) mm long, oblong-lanceolate, pale castaneous-brown
to deep brown; margins usually hyaline. Stamens 6; anthers 1.0–3.7 mm long; filaments
usually 0.3–0.7 mm long; style 1.6–2.2 mm long; stigmas 2.2–2.8 mm long. Capsule
castaneous-brown to dark brown, ±oblong-ovoid, ±gradually narrowed, usually 2.0–4.0 mm
long including mucro 0.2–0.8 mm long. Seeds brown to dark brown, oblong-ovoid, 1.2–1.9 mm
long, usually 0.7–1.2 mm wide; appendage 0.1–0.2 mm, fibrillate.
Found in Europe, except for most of Scandinavia and Russia; outside Europe only marginally
in the W Caucasus, Transcaucasia and N Turkey. A very variable species, particularly in the
southern part of its range. Several subspecies have been described; some other aberrant
populations remain to be studied, all in the S European peninsulas. Four subspecies are
recognized here. In addition, some (not all) plants and populations from the Balkan peninsula,
most typically from Greece, differ from the typical L. sylvatica in a number of characters,
e.g., in having basal leaves (6–) 8–10 (–11) mm wide, inflorescence lax, few-flowered,
secondary anthelas usually with 8–14 (–16) flowers, terminal clusters (1–) 2–4 (–5)flowered,
tepals up to 4 (–5) mm long, capsule 3.1–3.9 mm long and seeds up to 1.2 mm
wide (representative material at LD). They may represent another intraspecific taxon of
L. sylvatica; many intermediates between these aberrants and more common forms of subsp.
sylvatica are known from other parts of the Balkans and from Turkey. The type subspecies is
often cultivated as an ornamental plant.
1 Tepals usually up to 2.7 mm long; primary branches of inflorescence
usually elongated; secondary anthelas usually ±contracted, rarely ±lax 10b. subsp. henriquesii
1: Tepals usually more than 2.7 mm long; primary branches of inflorescence
usually not distinctly elongated, ±evenly branched to form ±lax
secondary anthelas
2 Basal leaves with margins and base very densely long ciliate; tepals
longer than 4 mm; secondary anthelas usually with up to 15 flowers;
anthers (1.7–) 2.2–2.5 (–3.0) mm long; leaf tip elongated, acuminate;
seeds 1.1 mm wide or wider 10c. subsp. sicula
2: Basal leaves with margins ciliate but not conspicuously densely or long;
tepals up to 3.7 mm long; anthers up to 1.9 mm long; leaf tip acute to
subobtuse-mucronate; seeds up to 0.8 mm wide