The 2002 Population and Housing <strong>Census</strong>Table 9.4: Selected Characteristics <strong>of</strong> Households with Children, 2002CentralCharacteristics <strong>of</strong>HouseholdsCentral(Excl.Kampala) Eastern Northern Western <strong>Uganda</strong>All households (Million) 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.3 5.0Households with at Leastone child (Millions)% <strong>of</strong> households with atleast one childMean number <strong>of</strong> childrenper householdAverage household size<strong>of</strong> households withchildren1 0.9 1 0.7 1 3.971.5 73.3 78.8 83.4 82.1 78.32.3 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.65.3 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.59.1.3 Children VulnerabilityVulnerability can be assessed at personal and household level. At personal level,vulnerability is a state <strong>of</strong> being in which a person is likely to be in a risky situation,suffering significant physical, emotional, or mental harm that may result in his/herhuman rights not being fulfilled 10 . Social and physical vulnerability reflect a decreasedcapacity for a person to cope, especially if the state is sustained or if any additionalthreats to social well-being and/or physical health are added 11 . Vulnerable children arethose children who bear a substantive risk <strong>of</strong> suffering physical, social,psychological/mental and emotional harm in comparison with other children in thesame environment 12 .Selected sub-groups <strong>of</strong> the population are vulnerable because <strong>of</strong> their socio-economiccharacteristics. The national OVC policy lists the vulnerable groups, to include amongothers; orphans, abandoned children, children living in poor households, children withdisabilities, child labourers, children in need <strong>of</strong> legal protection, street children andchildren living in child headed households. The 2002 <strong>Census</strong> had questions used todirectly or indirectly establish the status <strong>of</strong> children in relation to specific types <strong>of</strong>vulnerability namely orphanhood status, disability, school non-attendance, child labour,children living in child headed households, institutionalized children (in prison,orphanages), homeless children, child mothers and children who are married.Children who fell within any <strong>of</strong> the above categories were considered vulnerable.3.3 million childrenwere vulnerableTable 9.5 presents the distribution <strong>of</strong> vulnerable children by type <strong>of</strong> vulnerability. Itshows that out <strong>of</strong> the 13.4 million children, 3.3 million (24 percent <strong>of</strong> the children) werevulnerable, with minor variations by sex and residence. The variations by District10 MoGLSD, Orphans & Other Vulnerable Children Policy, 200411 Barton and Wamai, Asitutation Analysis <strong>of</strong> Children and Women 199412 Ministry <strong>of</strong> Gender, Labour and Social Development , Orphans and other Vulnerable Children Policy,, 2005102
<strong>Analytical</strong> <strong>Report</strong>reveal that Moroto (60 percent) exhibited the highest proportion <strong>of</strong> vulnerable childrenin <strong>Uganda</strong> followed by Nakapiripirit (58 percent). Kapchorwa had the lowest proportionwith 15 percent <strong>of</strong> the children aged 0-17 years being vulnerable (Table A11).Table 9.5: Number <strong>of</strong> Vulnerable Children by Type, Residence and by Sex(‘000’s)Sex Residence TotalType <strong>of</strong> Vulnerability Male Female Urban RuralOrphans (0-17) 889 874 245 1,518.4 1763.3Children out <strong>of</strong> school (6-17 yrs) 668.1 752.7 143.2 1,277.7 1421.9Institutionalized Children (Barracks,Prisons, refugee camps, orphanage)21 19 7 34 41Homeless Children 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8Children (5-17 yrs) with Disability 115 90 17 188 205Homeless Children 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8Child Labourers (5-17 yrs) 230 231 24 437 462Children Heading Households (10-17yrs) 31 11 10 32 42Children Aged (10-17 yrs) who aremothers na 122 15 106 122Children who are Married (12-17 yrs) 53150 22181 203Children who are idle (6-17 yrs ) 430 515 98 847 945All vulnerable children (10-17 yrs ) 1,598 1,658 373 2,883 3,255Total Children (0-17 yrs) 6,699 6,672 1,449 11,922 13,371Percent <strong>of</strong> children who arevulnerable 23.8 24.8 25.7 24.2 24.3Orphanhoodincreased from 11percent in 1991 to13.1 percent in2002.a) OrphanhoodAn orphan is any child below 18 years <strong>of</strong> age who has lost one or both parents. The1991 census estimated the number <strong>of</strong> orphans to be 1.04 million, which was 11.6percent <strong>of</strong> the total children’s population. This has increased to 1.8 million in 2002which was 13.1 per cent <strong>of</strong> the total children in <strong>Uganda</strong>. Of all the orphaned children,103