Flora of Ashdown Forest - Botanical Society of the British Isles

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Rachel A. Nicholson (1934-). Rachel has been interested in wild flowers since her youth. She trained and worked inhorticulture for six years, including two years at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, where an interest in native plants wasencouraged by the Botany Club. She was introduced to Sussex in the mid 19505 when her parents moved from Cheshireto retire at Five Ashes, MayfieJd; on retirement in 1991 she settled in the same house. Now, after a break of thirty yearsaccompanying her husband and bringing up a family in Tanzania and Nigeria where she became involved with fungi and aquite different flora, she is getting back into British plants via the flora and as a member of the SBRS. Her maincontribution to the flora has been recording, enjoying being out on the wide open spaces in the Forest, quite a contrast tothe deep lanes and lovely ancient countryside of the Mayfield area. On field meetings she often disappears into thedeepest thickets, emerging with a few extra species not seen by the faint-hearted amongst us! She also abstracted PhyllisStockdale's herbarium in Bexhill Museum.Helen Proctor (1948-). Helen was born and brought up in Orpington, Kent, moved to Hailsham in 1976 and works for EastSussex County Council. She has had a lifelong interest in plants, ecology and wildlife gardening, and is a keen plantphotographer taking pictures to illustrate talks. She is a member of the Sussex Wildlife Trust and SBRS, and has helpedwith recording for the flora joining us on many meetings.Madeline E. Reader (1926-1. Madeline was brought up near Dorking, Surrey, and her parents' delight in the chalk floraencouraged an early interest in wild flowers. This was renewed on returning to Sussex in the 1950s, where she joined theSBRS. Whilst working as an assistant at the Ashdown Forest Visitor Centre, the need for detailed knowledge on everysubject under the sun was essential. In the early 1980s an attempt by local volunteers to record the plants of AshdownForest failed, so she was delighted to join in the new scheme. Her main contribution (with her husband Pete) has beenabstracting and compiling historical information from numerous floras, which gave her a fascinating insight into the plantsno longer on the Forest, and into the random recording done in the past. Her local knowledge of what has happenedthrough the years has also been invaluable, and any time Tim has a query, guess whose phone rings?Peter J. Reader (1924-). Pete has lived in the Forest area all his life, first at Upper Hartfield and now at Horney Common.He has been a voluntary Ashdown Forest ranger since 1980. An interest in bird watching became frustrated with bluntedhearing and sight, so he found static and silent plant life more rewarding. He has long been interested in photography andhas a collection of old pictures showing how much the Forest has changed. With Madeline, he has spent many hoursresearching the old floras.Elizabeth J. Rich (1936-). Elizabeth was born in Five Ashes and still lives there, her family having lived in Sussex since the17th century. She went to schools in Sussex and Northumberland, her mother's home with which she has maintainedstrong links, and has also lived in London. A country upbringing ensured that an interest in wild flowers was neverforgotten. She joined the Sussex Naturalist's Trust (now the Sussex Wildlife Trust) in 1966, and recorded for the SussexPlant Atlas. She served on the BSSI Meetings Committee for about 20 years, and was also Minuting Secretary to BSSICouncil from 1983-1992. Her hobbies include reading, painting and walking, and she has especially enjoyed recording theplants on Ashdown Forest as her contribution to this flora.Timothy C. G. Rich (1961-). Tim (no relation to ER!) was born and brought up at Stedham in West Sussex. He went toMidhurst Grammar School and became interested in plant taxonomy during the sixth form. He took a degree in Ecology atLancaster, and became a fanatical botanist especially interested in Crucifers. He was introduced to the SBRS by PatDonovan in 1981. After his Ph.D. at Leicester an phototropism, he ran the 8SBI Monitor'lng Scheme, and then brieflyreturned to Lancaster as the first Research Associate in the Unit of Vegetation Science. In 1992 he became self-employed,and moved to Forest Row in 1993. His contribution to the flora has been organising (bullying, the others call it), writingand recording, and he enjoys the latter more than anything. He is very interested in the problems of recording plants andinterpreting the data gathered.Phyllis H. White (1925-1 and Raymond G. M. White (1926-1989). Phyl was brought up in London, but two years in Devonas a wartime evacuee started her interest in the countryside. She became a keen rambler which brought her together withRay, who she married in 1951. Phyl was a quantity surveyor, and Ray sales director in a hospital equipment firm. Theymoved to Hertfordshire in 1955 and natural history became a family pursuit, particularly fungi. In 1967 they moved toKent and joined the recording for the Atlas of the Kent flora, by which time a few outings with John and Chris Dony hadthem hooked completely on plant recording. In 1987 they recorded TQ/4.3 for the BSBI Monitoring Scheme including partof Ashdown Forest. After Ray died Phyl moved to Warlingham, Surrey and joined the SBRS through Breda Burt. Havingalready taken a close 'Interest 'In Ashdown Forest and its plants, she was very happy to take part in another survey. Shehas also helped collate records.233
234GLOSSARYachene: a small, indehiscent fruitcalcicole: more frequently found on or confined to soils with a high or alkaline pH (pH> 6.7)calcifuge: more frequently found on or confined to soils with a low or acidic pH (pH < 4.5)caruncle: an small out-growth on a seedchlorosis: a disorder or disease of plants where yellowish-white patches form on leaves due to lack of chlorophyllcleistogamous: flowers which never open and are self-pollinatedcritical species: a species which is difficult to identifycytotype: populations differing in chromosome number or chromosome morphologydioecious: having the sexes on different plantsdiploid: having two sets of chromosomesecotype: a form adapted to particular ecological conditionseutrophic: rich in nutrientsgenotype: the full genetic constitution of a plantgley: a water-logged clayey soilhexaploid: having six sets of chromosomesintrogression: repeated back-crossing of a hybrid to one or other parent, the hybrid products coming to resemble thatparent after a few generations but with some characters from the other parentmesophilous: liking conditions neither acidic nor alkalinemicroclimate: the climate immediately around the plantmonoecious: having unisexual flowers, with both sexes present on the same plantmycorrhiza: the association of a fungus with roots of plantsnitrophile: more frequently found on or confined to soils with high nutrient conditionsoligotrophic: poor in nutrientspatent: spreading at approximately right anglesphenotype: the plant as developed under particular ecological conditionspodzol: acidic soils with a leached upper layer and a lower impervious layer formed by deposition of iron (iron pan)polymorphic: having many formspolyploid: having many sets of chromosomespulvinus: a swelling at the base or top of a leaf stalkself-compatible: capable of self-fertilisationself-incompatible: incapable of self-fertilisationtaxon (plural, taxa): any taxonomic grouping, such as a species, or a genus, etc.tetrad: a 2-km X 2-km square on an Ordnance Survey map used as a unit for recordingtetraploid: having four sets of chromosomestrigonous: three-angled
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Flora of Ashdown Forest,-,;I
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Copyright Tim Rich, Pat Donovan, Pa
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe would like to th
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THE HABITATS OF ASH DOWN FOREST3His
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Near the bottom of all the non~wood
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Conopodium majusCrataegus laevigata
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Fincham (1995) published a small ph
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13ANAL VS IS OF THE FLORA DATAIn th
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15The number of different visits to
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17Hedgerows Disturbed/waste ground
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19The frequencies with which specie
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21(r~0.434, pO.l).-0.059,•300t350
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23A second type of comparison has b
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25Similarly, environmental variable
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SPECIES ACCOUNTS27Lat'1n names foll
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29EQUISETACEAEEquisetum f/uviatile.
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One plant on a vertical, north-faci
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Viola pa/ustris in an open alder co
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35DRYOPTERIDACEAEPolystichum aculea
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37BLECHNACEAEBlechnum spicant. Hard
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39AngiospermsLAURACEAE* Laurus nobi
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41Ranunculus repens, Creeping butte
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wet mud, small streams, ditches and
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45*Meconopsis cambrica. Welsh poppy
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47Ulmusx hollandica f?U. glabra x m
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49FAGACEAEFagus sylvatica. Beech.Fo
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A special large oak at Chuck Hatch,
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Cory/us avel/ana. Hazel.Recorded in
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plants in the autumn; we have not r
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Sagina procumbens. Procumbent pearl
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59*Saponaria officinalis. Soapwort,
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61Dolygonum arenastrum. Equal-leave
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63Rumex conglomeratus. Clustered do
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65Hypericum humifusum. Trailing S1
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67DROSERACEAEDrosera rotundifolia.
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69Viola laetea. Pale dog-violet.Thi
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71* Salix alba. White willow.3 -+-t
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73Salix repens var. repens (var. er
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75*Rorippa sylvestris. Creeping yel
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77* Thlaspi arvense. Field pennycre
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79aphanus raphanistrum. Wild radish
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ica tetralix. Cross~leaved heath.As
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centre of the Forest on alluvial so
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It is predominantly a plant which o
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87SAXIFRAGACEAE[*Darmera pe/tata. I
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89insipid in flavour IHaskel1 1960)
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91ection Rubus. Subsection Hiemales
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93Rubus pr%ngatus.Nutley (45.27), 1
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95bus vestitus.Newbridge, 1969, B.
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97Rubus largificus.3 -+t--------'+_
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Potentilla anserina. Silverweed.Com
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101Geum urbanum. Wood avens.Primari
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103osa x pseudorusticana fR. arvens
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105Prunus spinosa. Blackthorn, Wint
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orbus aucuparia. Rowan, Mountain as
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109r*Crataegus persimilis. Broad-le
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111icia tetrasperma. Smooth tare.Fo
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113Trifolium rep ens. White clover"
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115Genista tinctoria. Dyer's greenw
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*Genista anglica. Petty whin, Needl
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Myriophyllum alterniflorum. Alterna
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121Epilobium montanum x obscurum.Fo
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habitats.It lives up to the name of
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125,UPHORBIACEAEVlercurialis perenn
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Although one of Britain's tiniest p
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129*Oxalis articulata. Pink-sorrel.
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*Erodium cicutarium. Common stork's
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Widespread in Europe from the shore
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* Sison amomum. Stone parsley.Tetra
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137Centaurium pu/chellum. Lesser ce
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139CONVOLVULACEAEConvolvulus arvens
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141*Nymphoides pe/tata. Fringed wat
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Myosotis secunda (M. repens). Creep
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145Stachys 8lvensis. Field woundwor
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5cutellaria x hybrida (5. galericul
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Origanum vu/gare. Marjoram.Near Fis
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CALLlTRICHACEAE151Ca/litriche is a
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153Fraxinus excelsior. Ash.4 5Local
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~'Cymbalaria mural is. Ivy-leaved t
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157Veronica scutellata. Marsh speed
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159Sibthorpia europaea. Cornish mon
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161OROBANCHACEAEOrobanche rapum~gen
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163RUBIACEAESherardia arvensis. Mad
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165Viburnum OpUIU5.Guelder-rose, St
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167Valeriana officina/is 5.1. Commo
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169Cirsium vu/gate. Spear thistle.W
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171We suspect that Leontodon hispid
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173Mycelis muralis. Wall lettuce.Se
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175Taraxacum exceJlens.Scattered al
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177Taraxacum sinuatum.Recorded from
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179Crepis capillaris. Smooth hawk'
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181Hieracium. Hawkweeds.3134 5Hiera
Page 188 and 189: *So/idago gigantea. Early goldenrod
Page 190 and 191: ecorded with Chamaemelum are Matric
Page 192 and 193: *Senecio x albescens (S. cineraria
Page 194 and 195: *Petasites japonicus. Giant butterb
Page 196 and 197: *E1odea canadensis. Canadian waterw
Page 198 and 199: Arum maculatum. Lords~and~ladies, C
Page 200 and 201: Juncus x surrejanus (J. acutiflorus
Page 202 and 203: fences or topography. It may domina
Page 204 and 205: Eleocharis multicaulis. Many-stalke
Page 206 and 207: A hybrid first described by Col em
Page 208 and 209: 203Carex riparia. Greater pond~sedg
Page 210 and 211: Material which initially looked lik
Page 212 and 213: 207Festuca pratensis. Meadow fescue
Page 214 and 215: 209Cynosurus cristatus. Crested dog
Page 216 and 217: 211Glyceria f/uitans. Floating swee
Page 218 and 219: 213Deschampsia cespitosa. Tufted ha
Page 220 and 221: Agrostis gigantea. Black bent.Tetra
Page 222 and 223: 217Bromus lepidus. Slender soft~bro
Page 224 and 225: * Triticum aestivum. Bread wheat.A
Page 226 and 227: 221L1L1ACEAENarthecium ossifragum.
Page 228 and 229: 223*Allium triquetrum. Three-Gornar
Page 230 and 231: Trumpet length(mm)454035302520•
Page 232 and 233: 227ORCHIDACEAEEpipactis purpurata.
Page 234 and 235: een unable to refind any bog orchid
Page 236 and 237: 231DactylorhizB praetermissa. South
Page 240 and 241: 235REFERENCESAbbas, M. H. (1979). S
Page 242 and 243: Graham, G. G. & Primavesi, A. L. (1
Page 244 and 245: Rich, T. C. G. & Smith, P. A. (1996
Page 246 and 247: GAZETTEER241This gazetteer has been
Page 248 and 249: Smockfarthing 40.31Smuggler's car p
Page 250 and 251: Asple adi+cuttr int~~~tl·Bteel SI!
Page 252 and 253: Broad bean 111 Cardamine x hausskne
Page 254 and 255: Fen bedstraw 163 Fumitory 46 Greate
Page 256 and 257: Leucanthemum maximum 186 Many-flowe
Page 258 and 259: Quercus ilex 50 Rorippa x ster/lis
Page 260 and 261: Sticky mouse-ear 56 Thale cress 73
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Flora of Ashdown Forest - Botanical Society of the British Isles

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