1445326735900-0

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ICs oscillators and filters Value of C1 Calculated frequency Measured voltage 10 µF 5.8 Hz 1 µF 58 Hz 100 nF 580 Hz 10 nF 5.8 kHz 1 nF 58 kHz Table 5.1 Results when capacitor C2 is 100 nF Figure 5.8 A blank graph on which you can plot your experimental results. Use Table 5.1 above as well ten; decreasing the capacitor value by ten increases the frequency ten-fold. Five different values of capacitor therefore give an adequate range of frequencies. As you do the experiment you’ll find that only quite low voltages are measured (up to about 4 V a.c.) so depending on your 113
Starting electronics multi-meter’s lowest a.c. range you may not achieve the level of accuracy you would normally desire, but the results will be OK, nevertheless. Table 5.2 and Figure 5.9 show my results which should be similar to yours (if not, you’re wrong — I can’t be wrong, can I?). The graph shows that the size of the output signal of the a.c. Value of C1 Calculated Frequency Measured voltage 10 µF 5.8Hz 0 V 1 µF 58Hz 0 V 100 nF 580Hz 1.5 V 10 nF 5.8 kHz 4 V 1 nF 58 kHz 4.2 V Table 5.2 My tabled results Figure 5.9 Graphed results of Table 5.2 114
Page 2 and 3:
Starting Electronics i
Page 4 and 5:
Starting Electronics Keith Brindley
Page 6 and 7:
Contents Contents Preface vi 1. The
Page 8 and 9:
The very first steps 1 The very fir
Page 10 and 11:
The very first steps potential rewa
Page 12 and 13:
The very first steps Photo 1.2 tool
Page 14 and 15:
The very first steps that electrici
Page 16 and 17:
The very first steps Going back to
Page 18 and 19:
The very first steps tially exist.
Page 20 and 21:
The very first steps by a scientist
Page 22 and 23:
The very first steps Hint: Ohm’s
Page 24 and 25:
The very first steps Electronic com
Page 26 and 27:
The very first steps Larger values
Page 28 and 29:
The very first steps Time out That
Page 30 and 31:
On the boards 2 On the boards In th
Page 32 and 33:
On the boards If you are following
Page 34 and 35:
On the boards Hint: The theoretical
Page 36 and 37:
On the boards Photo 2.2 Inside brea
Page 38 and 39:
On the boards Down the edges of the
Page 40 and 41:
On the boards Hint: The multi-meter
Page 42 and 43:
On the boards of leads should be su
Page 44 and 45:
On the boards it gets older and sta
Page 46 and 47:
On the boards Hint: The bands group
Page 48 and 49:
On the boards In practice, you migh
Page 50 and 51:
On the boards called just ohmmeter)
Page 52 and 53:
On the boards ends. We say resistor
Page 54 and 55:
On the boards we would get: and thi
Page 56 and 57:
On the boards Figure 2.9 A comparat
Page 58 and 59:
Measuring current and voltage 3 Mea
Page 60 and 61:
Measuring current and voltage forme
Page 62 and 63:
Measuring current and voltage Netwo
Page 64 and 65:
Measuring current and voltage Netwo
Page 66 and 67:
Measuring current and voltage Did y
Page 68 and 69:
Measuring current and voltage Figur
Page 70 and 71: Measuring current and voltage Figur
Page 72 and 73: Practically there Measuring current
Page 74 and 75: Measuring current and voltage Take
Page 78 and 79: Measuring current and voltage Take
Page 82 and 83: Measuring current and voltage Hint:
Page 84 and 85: Capacitors 4 Capacitors You need a
Page 86 and 87: Capacitors Capacitors We’re going
Page 88 and 89: Capacitors In our experiments in th
Page 90 and 91: Capacitors Figure 4.4 A simple resi
Page 92 and 93: Capacitors Time (seconds) 5 10 15 2
Page 94 and 95: Capacitors Time (seconds) 5 10 15 2
Page 96 and 97: Capacitors In a capacitor circuit l
Page 98 and 99: Capacitors Figure 4.11 An experimen
Page 100 and 101: Capacitors Time (seconds) Voltage (
Page 102 and 103: Capacitors plates of the capacitor
Page 104 and 105: Capacitors where ε is the permitti
Page 106 and 107: ICs oscillators and filters 5 ICs,
Page 108 and 109: ICs oscillators and filters Photo 5
Page 110 and 111: ICs oscillators and filters We’ve
Page 112 and 113: ICs oscillators and filters an osci
Page 114 and 115: ICs oscillators and filters (a) (b)
Page 116 and 117: ICs oscillators and filters Ouch, t
Page 118 and 119: ICs oscillators and filters output
Page 122 and 123: ICs oscillators and filters voltage
Page 124 and 125: ICs oscillators and filters Value o
Page 126 and 127: ICs oscillators and filters Figure
Page 128 and 129: ICs oscillators and filters simple
Page 130 and 131: Diodes I 6 Diodes I We’re going t
Page 132 and 133: Diodes I Photo 6.1 A horizontal pre
Page 134 and 135: Diodes I Now, with a resistance of
Page 136 and 137: Diodes I here. We needn’t know an
Page 138 and 139: Diodes I Figure 6.9 The breadboard
Page 140 and 141: Diodes I but we never said it was a
Page 142 and 143: Diodes I Current (mA) Voltage (V) 0
Page 144 and 145: Diodes I voltages, reverse currents
Page 146 and 147: Diodes I battery voltage of 9 V sim
Page 148 and 149: Diodes I Figure 6.17 The circuit, w
Page 150 and 151: Diodes I Figure 6.19 My results fro
Page 152 and 153: Diodes II 7 Diodes II In the last c
Page 154 and 155: Diodes II the same experiment we di
Page 156 and 157: Diodes II We need to draw diode cha
Page 158 and 159: Diodes II Generally, diodes don’t
Page 160 and 161: Diodes II Diode voltage (VD) Resist
Page 162 and 163: Diodes II Diode circuits We’re no
Page 164 and 165: Diodes II Figure 7.9 Waveforms show
Page 166 and 167: Diodes II Filter tips Although we
Page 168 and 169: Diodes II We’ve already seen a de
Page 170 and 171:
Diodes II as that from a 230 V a.c.
Page 172 and 173:
Diodes II Figure 7.19 The same circ
Page 174 and 175:
Transistors 8 Transistors In previo
Page 176 and 177:
Transistors Figure 8.1 How to recog
Page 178 and 179:
Transistors Black meter lead Red me
Page 180 and 181:
Transistors Well, as mentioned earl
Page 182 and 183:
Transistors Figure 8.8 A breadboard
Page 184 and 185:
Transistors In effect, the transist
Page 186 and 187:
Transistors Figure 8.10 transistors
Page 188 and 189:
Transistors Hint: Yes, that’s rig
Page 190 and 191:
Transistors These two operational m
Page 192 and 193:
Analogue integrated circuits 9 Anal
Page 194 and 195:
Analogue integrated circuits circui
Page 196 and 197:
Analogue integrated circuits Figure
Page 198 and 199:
Building on blocs Analogue integrat
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Analogue integrated circuits As the
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Analogue integrated circuits circui
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Analogue integrated circuits an app
Page 214 and 215:
Digital integrated circuits I 10 Di
Page 216 and 217:
Digital integrated circuits I Logic
Page 218 and 219:
Digital integrated circuits I If we
Page 220 and 221:
Digital integrated circuits I Figur
Page 222 and 223:
Digital integrated circuits I It’
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Digital integrated circuits I The t
Page 230 and 231:
Digital integrated circuits I Trans
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Digital integrated circuits I going
Page 240 and 241:
Digital integrated circuits I OR an
Page 242 and 243:
Digital integrated circuits I For t
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Digital integrated circuits II 11 D
Page 250 and 251:
Digital integrated circuits II A se
Page 252 and 253:
Shutting the ’stable gate Digital
Page 254 and 255:
Digital integrated circuits II gate
Page 256 and 257:
Digital integrated circuits II In o
Page 258 and 259:
Digital integrated circuits II Figu
Page 260 and 261:
Digital integrated circuits II Swit
Page 262 and 263:
Digital integrated circuits II The
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Open the black box Digital integrat
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Digital integrated circuits II Ther
Page 274 and 275:
Glossary Glossary 180 ° out-of-pha
Page 276 and 277:
Glossary bode plots method of showi
Page 278 and 279:
Glossary decibels logarithmic units
Page 280 and 281:
Glossary integrated circuit a semic
Page 282 and 283:
Glossary peak voltage the voltage m
Page 284 and 285:
Glossary squarewave a signal which
Page 286 and 287:
Glossary Components used Resistors
Page 288 and 289:
Glossary Index A ampere, 9 AND gate
show all

1445326735900-0

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?