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Diodes II 7 Diodes II In the last chapter, we took a detailed look at diodes and their characteristic curves. This chapter we’re going to take this one stage further and consider how we use the characteristic curve to define how the diode will operate in any particular circuit. Finally, we’ll look at a number of circuits which show some of the many uses of ordinary diodes. The components you’ll need for the circuits this chapter are: 1 x 10 k resistor 2 x 15 k resistors 2 x 100 k resistors 1 x 10 µF 10 V electrolytic capacitor 145
Starting electronics 1 x 220 µF 10 V electrolytic capacitor 1 x 1N4001 diode 1 x LED 1 x 555 integrated circuit Figure 7.1 shows the forward biased section of a typical diode characteristic curve. It has a transition voltage of about 0V7, so you should know that it’s the characteristic curve of a silicon diode. Diodes aren’t the only electronic components for which characteristic curves may be drawn — most components can be studied in this way. After all, the curve is merely a graph of the voltage across the component compared to the current through it. So, it’s equally possible that we draw a characteristic curve of, say, a resistor. To do this we could perform Figure 7.1 diode The forward biased section of the characteristic curve of a silicon 146
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Starting Electronics i
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Starting Electronics Keith Brindley
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Contents Contents Preface vi 1. The
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The very first steps 1 The very fir
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The very first steps potential rewa
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The very first steps Photo 1.2 tool
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The very first steps that electrici
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The very first steps Going back to
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The very first steps tially exist.
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The very first steps by a scientist
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The very first steps Hint: Ohm’s
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The very first steps Electronic com
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The very first steps Larger values
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The very first steps Time out That
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On the boards 2 On the boards In th
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On the boards If you are following
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On the boards Hint: The theoretical
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On the boards Photo 2.2 Inside brea
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On the boards Down the edges of the
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On the boards Hint: The multi-meter
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On the boards of leads should be su
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On the boards it gets older and sta
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On the boards Hint: The bands group
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On the boards In practice, you migh
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On the boards called just ohmmeter)
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On the boards ends. We say resistor
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On the boards we would get: and thi
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On the boards Figure 2.9 A comparat
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Measuring current and voltage 3 Mea
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Measuring current and voltage forme
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Measuring current and voltage Netwo
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Measuring current and voltage Netwo
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Measuring current and voltage Did y
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Measuring current and voltage Figur
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Practically there Measuring current
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Measuring current and voltage Take
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Measuring current and voltage Take
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Measuring current and voltage Hint:
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Capacitors 4 Capacitors You need a
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Capacitors Capacitors We’re going
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Capacitors In our experiments in th
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Capacitors Figure 4.4 A simple resi
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Capacitors Time (seconds) 5 10 15 2
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Capacitors Time (seconds) 5 10 15 2
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Capacitors In a capacitor circuit l
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Capacitors Figure 4.11 An experimen
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Capacitors Time (seconds) Voltage (
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Page 106 and 107: ICs oscillators and filters 5 ICs,
Page 108 and 109: ICs oscillators and filters Photo 5
Page 110 and 111: ICs oscillators and filters We’ve
Page 112 and 113: ICs oscillators and filters an osci
Page 114 and 115: ICs oscillators and filters (a) (b)
Page 116 and 117: ICs oscillators and filters Ouch, t
Page 118 and 119: ICs oscillators and filters output
Page 120 and 121: ICs oscillators and filters Value o
Page 122 and 123: ICs oscillators and filters voltage
Page 124 and 125: ICs oscillators and filters Value o
Page 126 and 127: ICs oscillators and filters Figure
Page 128 and 129: ICs oscillators and filters simple
Page 130 and 131: Diodes I 6 Diodes I We’re going t
Page 132 and 133: Diodes I Photo 6.1 A horizontal pre
Page 134 and 135: Diodes I Now, with a resistance of
Page 136 and 137: Diodes I here. We needn’t know an
Page 138 and 139: Diodes I Figure 6.9 The breadboard
Page 140 and 141: Diodes I but we never said it was a
Page 142 and 143: Diodes I Current (mA) Voltage (V) 0
Page 144 and 145: Diodes I voltages, reverse currents
Page 146 and 147: Diodes I battery voltage of 9 V sim
Page 148 and 149: Diodes I Figure 6.17 The circuit, w
Page 150 and 151: Diodes I Figure 6.19 My results fro
Page 154 and 155: Diodes II the same experiment we di
Page 156 and 157: Diodes II We need to draw diode cha
Page 158 and 159: Diodes II Generally, diodes don’t
Page 160 and 161: Diodes II Diode voltage (VD) Resist
Page 162 and 163: Diodes II Diode circuits We’re no
Page 164 and 165: Diodes II Figure 7.9 Waveforms show
Page 166 and 167: Diodes II Filter tips Although we
Page 168 and 169: Diodes II We’ve already seen a de
Page 170 and 171: Diodes II as that from a 230 V a.c.
Page 172 and 173: Diodes II Figure 7.19 The same circ
Page 174 and 175: Transistors 8 Transistors In previo
Page 176 and 177: Transistors Figure 8.1 How to recog
Page 178 and 179: Transistors Black meter lead Red me
Page 180 and 181: Transistors Well, as mentioned earl
Page 182 and 183: Transistors Figure 8.8 A breadboard
Page 184 and 185: Transistors In effect, the transist
Page 186 and 187: Transistors Figure 8.10 transistors
Page 188 and 189: Transistors Hint: Yes, that’s rig
Page 190 and 191: Transistors These two operational m
Page 192 and 193: Analogue integrated circuits 9 Anal
Page 194 and 195: Analogue integrated circuits circui
Page 196 and 197: Analogue integrated circuits Figure
Page 198 and 199: Building on blocs Analogue integrat
Page 200 and 201: Analogue integrated circuits Figure
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Analogue integrated circuits As the
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Analogue integrated circuits Figure
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Analogue integrated circuits circui
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Analogue integrated circuits an app
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Digital integrated circuits I 10 Di
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Digital integrated circuits I Logic
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Digital integrated circuits I If we
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Digital integrated circuits I Figur
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Digital integrated circuits I It’
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Digital integrated circuits I The t
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Digital integrated circuits I Trans
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Digital integrated circuits I going
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Digital integrated circuits I OR an
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Digital integrated circuits I For t
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Digital integrated circuits II 11 D
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Digital integrated circuits II A se
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Shutting the ’stable gate Digital
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Digital integrated circuits II gate
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Digital integrated circuits II In o
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Digital integrated circuits II Figu
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Digital integrated circuits II Swit
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Digital integrated circuits II The
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Open the black box Digital integrat
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Digital integrated circuits II Ther
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Glossary Glossary 180 ° out-of-pha
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Glossary bode plots method of showi
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Glossary decibels logarithmic units
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Glossary integrated circuit a semic
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Glossary peak voltage the voltage m
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Glossary squarewave a signal which
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Glossary Components used Resistors
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Glossary Index A ampere, 9 AND gate
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