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ICs oscillators and filters simple ones we’ve looked at here but following the same general principles. And that’s about it for this chapter. You can try a few experiments of your own with filters if you want. Just remember that whenever you use your meter to measure voltage across a resistor in a filter, the meter resistance affects the actual value of resistance and can thus drastically affect the reading. Now try the quiz over the page to check and see if you’ve been able to understand what we’ve been looking at this chapter. 121
Starting electronics Quiz Answers at end of book 1 A signal of frequency 1 kHz is applied to a low-pass filter with a corner frequency of 10 kHz. What happens? a The output signal is onetenth of the input signal b The output signal is larger than the input signal c There is no output signal d The output signal is identical to the input signal e All of these 2 A high-pass filter consisting of a 10 kΩ resistor and an unknown capacitor has a corner frequency of 100 Hz. What is the value of the capacitor? a 1 nF b 10 nF c 100 nF d 1000 nF e 1µF 3 A low-pass filter consisting of a 1 µF capacitor and a unknown resistor has a corner frequency of 100 Hz. What is the value of the resistor? a 10 kΩ b 1 kΩ c 100 kΩ d All of these e It makes no difference f d and e g None of these 4 In a circuit similar to that in Figure 5.2, resistor R1 is 10 kΩ, resistor R2 is 100 kΩ, and capacitor C1 is 10 nF. The output frequency of the astable multi-vibrator is: a a square wave b about 680 Hz c too fast to see the LED flashing d a and b e c and d f None of these 122
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Starting Electronics i
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Starting Electronics Keith Brindley
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Contents Contents Preface vi 1. The
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The very first steps 1 The very fir
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The very first steps potential rewa
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The very first steps Photo 1.2 tool
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The very first steps that electrici
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The very first steps Going back to
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The very first steps tially exist.
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The very first steps by a scientist
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The very first steps Hint: Ohm’s
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The very first steps Electronic com
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The very first steps Larger values
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The very first steps Time out That
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On the boards 2 On the boards In th
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On the boards If you are following
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On the boards Hint: The theoretical
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On the boards Photo 2.2 Inside brea
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On the boards Down the edges of the
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On the boards Hint: The multi-meter
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On the boards of leads should be su
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On the boards it gets older and sta
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On the boards Hint: The bands group
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On the boards In practice, you migh
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On the boards called just ohmmeter)
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On the boards ends. We say resistor
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On the boards we would get: and thi
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On the boards Figure 2.9 A comparat
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Measuring current and voltage 3 Mea
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Measuring current and voltage forme
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Measuring current and voltage Netwo
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Measuring current and voltage Netwo
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Measuring current and voltage Did y
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Measuring current and voltage Figur
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Practically there Measuring current
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Measuring current and voltage Take
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Page 84 and 85: Capacitors 4 Capacitors You need a
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Page 96 and 97: Capacitors In a capacitor circuit l
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Page 102 and 103: Capacitors plates of the capacitor
Page 104 and 105: Capacitors where ε is the permitti
Page 106 and 107: ICs oscillators and filters 5 ICs,
Page 108 and 109: ICs oscillators and filters Photo 5
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Page 114 and 115: ICs oscillators and filters (a) (b)
Page 116 and 117: ICs oscillators and filters Ouch, t
Page 118 and 119: ICs oscillators and filters output
Page 120 and 121: ICs oscillators and filters Value o
Page 122 and 123: ICs oscillators and filters voltage
Page 124 and 125: ICs oscillators and filters Value o
Page 126 and 127: ICs oscillators and filters Figure
Page 130 and 131: Diodes I 6 Diodes I We’re going t
Page 132 and 133: Diodes I Photo 6.1 A horizontal pre
Page 134 and 135: Diodes I Now, with a resistance of
Page 136 and 137: Diodes I here. We needn’t know an
Page 138 and 139: Diodes I Figure 6.9 The breadboard
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Page 142 and 143: Diodes I Current (mA) Voltage (V) 0
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Page 146 and 147: Diodes I battery voltage of 9 V sim
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Page 154 and 155: Diodes II the same experiment we di
Page 156 and 157: Diodes II We need to draw diode cha
Page 158 and 159: Diodes II Generally, diodes don’t
Page 160 and 161: Diodes II Diode voltage (VD) Resist
Page 162 and 163: Diodes II Diode circuits We’re no
Page 164 and 165: Diodes II Figure 7.9 Waveforms show
Page 166 and 167: Diodes II Filter tips Although we
Page 168 and 169: Diodes II We’ve already seen a de
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Page 172 and 173: Diodes II Figure 7.19 The same circ
Page 174 and 175: Transistors 8 Transistors In previo
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Transistors Black meter lead Red me
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Transistors Well, as mentioned earl
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Transistors Figure 8.8 A breadboard
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Transistors In effect, the transist
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Transistors Figure 8.10 transistors
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Transistors Hint: Yes, that’s rig
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Transistors These two operational m
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Analogue integrated circuits 9 Anal
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Analogue integrated circuits circui
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Analogue integrated circuits Figure
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Building on blocs Analogue integrat
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Analogue integrated circuits As the
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Analogue integrated circuits circui
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Analogue integrated circuits an app
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Digital integrated circuits I 10 Di
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Digital integrated circuits I Logic
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Digital integrated circuits I If we
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Digital integrated circuits I Figur
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Digital integrated circuits I It’
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Digital integrated circuits I The t
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Digital integrated circuits I Trans
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Digital integrated circuits I going
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Digital integrated circuits I OR an
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Digital integrated circuits I For t
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Digital integrated circuits II 11 D
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Digital integrated circuits II A se
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Shutting the ’stable gate Digital
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Digital integrated circuits II gate
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Digital integrated circuits II In o
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Digital integrated circuits II Figu
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Digital integrated circuits II Swit
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Digital integrated circuits II The
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Open the black box Digital integrat
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Digital integrated circuits II Ther
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Glossary Glossary 180 ° out-of-pha
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Glossary bode plots method of showi
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Glossary decibels logarithmic units
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Glossary integrated circuit a semic
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Glossary peak voltage the voltage m
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Glossary squarewave a signal which
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Glossary Components used Resistors
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Glossary Index A ampere, 9 AND gate
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