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Starting electronics<br />

Actually, it’s quite difficult to express a NAND gate’s operation<br />

in words, but here goes: it’s a gate whose output Z is 1 when<br />

NOT A AND NOT B AND NOT C is 1. Err… yeah, right!<br />

A better way is to express it as the Boolean statement:<br />

which, no doubt you have already worked out!<br />

Haven’t you?<br />

Simple, eh?<br />

Earlier on I mentioned that all digital circuits can be made up<br />

from the simplest of digital circuits — the inverter. I’m going<br />

to prove that now; theoretically at first, then we can do some<br />

experiments which show the fact practically.<br />

By expanding the inverter circuit we first looked at back in<br />

Figure 10.1 and the following circuits, we can easily create<br />

other circuits. Figure 10.31, for example, is merely a transistor<br />

operating in the same way that the inverter transistor circuit<br />

of Figure 10.1 works.<br />

It is, effectively, an inverter with three inputs to its base,<br />

rather than just one.<br />

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