WINTER 2012 - National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and ...

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Patricia Shields, Nandhini Rangarajan, and Lewis Stewart Research purpose. The two-course sequence that distinguishes the Texas State University capstone process is unique because students are required to find a research topic and develop their purpose and conceptual framework in specific ways. Students must use one of the following five research purposes—exploration, description, gauging, decision making, or explanation. Of the five, explanation is the only one that addresses the more complex “why” questions. It is also the research purpose associated with hypotheses testing, impact evaluation, and multivariate statistical analysis. If explanation is considered the most sophisticated research purpose by many, then one would expect there to be more interest among the public in downloading those ARPs with an explanatory research purpose. Hence: H2: Use of an explanatory research purpose positively affects the number of full-text downloads for ARPs. Survey research. Surveys are particularly useful in describing the characteristics of a large population. Therefore, it is the generalizable nature of survey results that could potentially increase download rates. Hence: H3: Use of surveys as a research method positively affects the number of full-text downloads for ARPs. Award winner. One would expect that higher-quality research would be downloaded at higher numbers. One measure of quality is an award. Hence: H4: Winning awards positively affects the number of full-text downloads for ARPs. Search Engine Optimization Aside from content, there are characteristics of the paper that enhance the likelihood a search engine could find it. For example, the longer an ARP is on the repository, the more likely it is to be found and downloaded. Hence, the longer an ARP is available on the institutional repository, the greater the opportunity for downloads. If a popular keyword is in the title, the paper is more likely to be downloaded. Two-part titles are more likely than one-part titles to contain one of these words. Google Scholar is a popular search engine for academic work. Google Scholar archives academic work, including dissertations, theses, and Applied Research Projects. Each Google Scholar entry gives the number of citations for each reference within the Google Scholar database; and citations of theses and ARPs are counted. Hence, every entry in an ARP’s bibliography is counted as a citation in Google Scholar for the associated reference. Therefore, one would expect ARPs with larger bibliographies to generate more downloads. Texas State 166 Journal of Public Affairs Education
Sharing Student Research with the World University ARPs are cited by other scholarly sources. Google Scholar tends to place references with citations earlier in a search page. So, a reference with five citations will generally appear sooner than one with three citations. Hence, one would expect ARPs with citations to have more downloads than those without citations. 8 Wikipedia is a free-content, online, open access encyclopedia. It is written collaboratively by an international group of volunteers. According to John Willinsky (2007), the potential of Wikipedia would be enhanced if the editors used open access scholarship as references. In so doing, Wikipedia would allow users to follow up on the topic using source scholarship or at least scholarship that has gone through some form of academic review (dissertation or thesis review committee). To disseminate the Texas State ARPs as widely as possible, faculty became editors of Wikipedia and added the references in the “For Further Reading” section for terms that were in the title or were keywords. This process occurs as faculty have time to edit Wikipedia. For example, Moses Ruiz’s assessment of provincial reconstruction teams in Afghanistan was added to Wikipedia as a reference in the article on “Provincial Reconstruction Team.” The practice of posting an ARP reference is somewhat haphazard and depends upon time and how easily a topic translates to an article title in Wikipedia. Papers posted to Wikipedia are thus imbedded in another website, one that is almost always on the first page of Google for almost any search term. Likewise, if an ARP is posted to websites, there is greater public exposure and more likelihood of being downloaded. Length of time on the Web. The longer an ARP is available on the institutional repository, the greater the opportunity for downloads. Hence, one would expect: H5: Length of time available on the Web positively affects the number of full-text downloads for ARPs. Title construction. Complex two-part titles increase the likelihood that a valuable keyword will be in the title. Hence: H6: Two-part title construction positively affects the number of full-text downloads for ARPs. Bibliography size. Applied Research Projects are linked to other sources through their bibliography. The ARP becomes a citation of every reference in its bibliography. Google Scholar and sometimes Google capitalize on this by linking the references through a citations link for all citations within the Google Scholar database. So the larger the bibliography, the greater the likelihood an ARP will be discovered Journal of Public Affairs Education 167
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JPAE VOLUME 18 NUMBER 1 JOURNAL OF
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Journal of Public Affairs Education
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FROM THE EDITOR In the symposium in
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NASPAA Presidential Address Annual
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Leading by Example: Modeling Global
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FROM THE GUEST EDITOR FROM THE GUES
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FROM THE GUEST EDITOR A SYMPOSIUM I
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on other fronts, certainly it can h
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Picasso, P. (1937). Guernica. Pictu
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A View from the 50th Street Gate on
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Reflections of a Working-Class Acad
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Reflections of a Working Class Acad
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Reflections of a Working Class Acad
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Class Rooms Kenneth Oldfield Univer
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Class Rooms although I did, but not
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Class Rooms GRADUATE SCHOOL I was u
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Class Rooms the odds this appointee
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Class Rooms The Great Leveler, too
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Class Rooms of higher learning and
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ook (Oldfield & Johnson, 2009). The
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Didactic Changes Class Rooms Pedago
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Admittedly, it will be difficult to
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hooks, b. (2000). Where we stand: C
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Shaw, G. B. (1928). The intelligent
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What’s a Girl Like You Doing in a
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What’s a Girl Like You For exampl
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What’s a Girl Like You and operat
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What’s a Girl Like You captured t
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What’s a Girl Like You full-blown
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What’s a Girl Like You inside). I
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What’s a Girl Like You and collea
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What’s a Girl Like You toward ser
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Blue-Collar Teaching in a White-Col
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Blue-Collar Teaching Half of my fam
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Blue-Collar Teaching from physics.
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Blue-Collar Teaching lifelong dream
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Blue-Collar Teaching Before him, in
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Blue-Collar Teaching One may argue
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Blue-Collar Teaching graduation in
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Blue-Collar Teaching advantages oth
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Carrizales, T. (2010). Exploring cu
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Oldfield, K. (2010). Socioeconomic
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Moving Forward by Looking Back Gary
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Moving Forward My father married my
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Moving Forward became apparent that
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Moving Forward to Duane, because he
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Moving Forward by this contaminant.
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Moving Forward quite by chance to b
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Moving Forward Federalist 51 detail
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Moving Forward their profession, in
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Moving Forward as the study shows,
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REFERENCES Ashwander v. Tennessee V
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Techniques in Teaching Statistics:
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Many researchers have explored the
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LITERATURE REVIEW Techniques in Tea
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Techniques in Teaching Statistics b
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Creating Quality Online Course Desi
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it was achieved. The assessment of
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Fulbright Program for Foreign Stude
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Review of Moral Controversies in Am
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application of those foundations to
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Journal of Public Affairs Education
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Information for Contributors The Jo
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