Craniofacial Muscles

Recommendations

Info

342 IndexMasticatory muscle (cont.)primary pathologyDMD , 133myasthenia gravis , 133–134Parkinson’s disease , 134regeneration and adaptationanimal models , 99fi broblasts , 102growth factor , 100macrophages , 101–102satellite cells ( see Satellite cells)stem cell niche , 101sparing incritical illness myopathy , 133DMD and ALS , 133SCA forms , 132trismus , 134Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) , 97, 98Maximal stimulation test (MST) , 272Maxwell element , 53Medial pterygoid muscle , 92–93Meige syndrome , 289, 294Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) , 76–78Mitochondrial disorders, EOMchronic progressive externalophthalmoplegia , 79–80cytochrome-c-oxidase loss , 80–81MELAS , 80mtDNA mutations , 79–80Motor activation, hypoglossal nerve , 230–232Motor controlextraocular muscleconjugate horizontal eye movements( see Conjugate horizontal eyemovements)cyclovertical movements , 66–68vergence movements , 68–69laryngeal muscleautomatic motor control , 168–169central nervous system control ,170–171central neural control , 178innervation , 170–171neurological diseases , 178–179sensory-motor interactions control ,177–178masticatory muscle ( see Masticatorymuscle)pharyngeal muscleautomatic motor control , 168–169central neural control , 178genioglossus , 172innervation , 175–177inspiration dilator muscles , 173, 175neurological diseases , 178–179sensory-motor interactions control ,177–178swallowing constrictor muscles , 174,175tongue ( see Tongue)Motor unit potential (MUP) reinnervation , 133Muscle-speci fi c kinase (MuSK) , 78Muscular dystrophy , 187–190. See alsoDuchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD)Myasthenia gravis (MG)extraocular muscle , 77–79laryngeal muscle , 193masticatory muscle , 133–134Myectomy , 307–308Myoblasts , 13, 19Myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) , 11Myokymia , 294–295, 314Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) , 37, 38, 147,196, 234extraocular musclehybrid fi bers , 41–42limb and body skeletal muscle , 39mismatched fi ber , 41, 42orbital and global layers , 39single fi ber segments , 42isoforms , 96, 236, 327masticatory muscleembryonic and neonatal , 95extraocular MyHC , 96gene expression , 96–97isoforms , 94jaw-closing mechanism , 96jaw-opening mechanism , 96masticatory , 95Myotonic dystrophy , 329NNeonatal myosin heavy chain , 95Nerve growth factor (NGF) , 197Neurodegenerative disorders , 295–296Neuromuscular disease , 5–6extraocular muscleDuchenne muscular dystrophy , 84–85Miller fi sher syndrome , 76–78myasthenia gravis , 77–79OPMD , 81laryngeal musclelimb and craniofacial muscleresponse , 187
Indexmuscular dystrophy , 187–190myasthenia gravis , 193muscular hydrostat , 242sensational disorders , 241tongue kinematics ( see Tongue kinematics)tongue musculature , 241, 259volumetric reduction and motor function( see Volumetric reduction, tongue)Neuromyotonia , 314Nico-tinic acetylcholine receptor , 38Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) , 233OOcular biomechanics , 53–56Oculomotor nucleus , 64–66Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy(OPMD) , 6, 81Orbital hemorrhage , 307Orbital (ORB) layer , 36–38Oromandibular dystonia , 134, 289PParalysis , 267Paralysis musculorum faciei rheumatica , 273Parkinson’s disease , 292Periorbital contour deformity , 304, 308Pharyngeal arch , 132Pharyngeal mesoderm (PM)domains , 13evolution , 22progenitors , 20Pharyngeal musclemotor control and biomechanicsautomatic motor control , 168–169central neural control , 178genioglossus , 172innervation , 175–177inspiration dilator muscles , 173, 175neurological diseases , 178–179sensory-motor interactions control ,177–178swallowing constrictor muscles ,174, 175muscle fi ber types , 142–143, 158pharyngeal movement , 142–143, 157structure and function , 142–143, 158UESCP innervation , 159–160CP muscle dysfunction , 160–161cricopharyngeus muscle , 159HRM , 160, 161manometry measurements , 158muscle fi ber properties , 159Pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) , 158Photooculodynia , 309Pontine lesions , 266Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) , 143RRapsyn , 78Respiration, tongue , 218, 234–235Rhythmic activity bursts, tongue , 247Ryanodine , 78343SSarcolemma , 98Satellite cellsanimal models , 99classic quail-chick chimeraexperiments , 99FGF and IGF-I , 100fi bre type distribution , 98head vs. trunk-derived muscles , 16lineage tracing techniques , 15masseter muscle , 99myonuclear turnover and regeneration ,44–45Pax3 expression , 16sarcolemma , 98self-renewal mechanism , 15Skin necrosis , 307Somatic sensation, tongue , 232–233Somites , 12Sonic hedgehog (Shh) , 18Spasmodic dysphonia , 291Spasmodic torticollis , 291Spastic facial muscle disordersblepharospasm ( see Blepharospasm)drug-induced facial dyskinesias , 296–297dyskinesias , 287, 288eyelid/facial tics , 315facial nerve synkinesia , 295hemifacial spasm ( see Hemifacial spasm)myokymia , 314neurologic disorders , 295–296neuromyotonia , 314psychological problems , 296superior cervical ganglion block , 309treatmentBoNT injection ( see Botulinumneurotoxin (BoNT) injection)chemomyectomy , 308–309
Page 2:
Craniofacial Muscles
Page 5 and 6:
EditorsLinda K. McLoonDepartment of
Page 7 and 8:
viContents8 Masticatory Muscle Resp
Page 9 and 10:
viiiContributorsMark Lewis School o
Page 11 and 12:
Chapter 1The Craniofacial Muscles:
Page 13 and 14:
1 The Craniofacial Muscles: Argumen
Page 15 and 16:
1 The Craniofacial Muscles: Argumen
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 2Head Muscle DevelopmentIta
Page 19 and 20:
2 Head Muscle Development132.3 Head
Page 21 and 22:
2 Head Muscle Development15Fig. 2.3
Page 23 and 24:
2 Head Muscle Development17normal h
Page 25 and 26:
2 Head Muscle Development19to specu
Page 27 and 28:
2 Head Muscle Development21as Islet
Page 29 and 30:
2 Head Muscle Development232.10 Sum
Page 31 and 32:
2 Head Muscle Development25Hirsinge
Page 33 and 34:
2 Head Muscle Development27Rudnicki
Page 35 and 36:
Part IIIExtraocular Muscles
Page 37 and 38:
32 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.1 Diagr
Page 39 and 40:
34 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.4 Speci
Page 41 and 42:
36 L.K. McLoon et al.3.4 Unusual Ch
Page 43 and 44:
38 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.7 Longi
Page 45 and 46:
40 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.8 Co-ex
Page 47 and 48:
42 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.9 An ex
Page 49 and 50:
44 L.K. McLoon et al.Fig. 3.10 Use
Page 51 and 52:
46 L.K. McLoon et al.3.9 SummaryIn
Page 53 and 54:
48 L.K. McLoon et al.Fuchs AF, Bind
Page 55 and 56:
50 L.K. McLoon et al.Tajbakhsh S, R
Page 57 and 58:
52 V.E. DasFig. 4.1 Initial studies
Page 59 and 60:
54 V.E. DasFig. 4.2 Schematic view
Page 61 and 62:
56 V.E. DasFig. 4.3 Top panel —co
Page 63 and 64:
58 V.E. Das4.3 Motor Control of Con
Page 65 and 66:
60 V.E. DasFig. 4.6 Schematic showi
Page 67 and 68:
62 V.E. DasFR: fi ring rateD t : ne
Page 69 and 70:
64 V.E. Dasresponses of abducens ne
Page 71 and 72:
66 V.E. Dasend (Buttner-Ennever et
Page 73 and 74:
68 V.E. Dascontrolled by appropriat
Page 75 and 76:
70 V.E. Das4.6 SummaryThe oculomoto
Page 77 and 78:
72 V.E. DasHoerantner R, Kaltofen T
Page 79 and 80:
74 V.E. DasTweed DB, Haslwanter TP,
Page 81 and 82:
76 F. Pedrosa Domellöfcompletely d
Page 83 and 84:
78 F. Pedrosa DomellöfFig. 5.2 NMJ
Page 85 and 86:
80 F. Pedrosa DomellöfHowever, bec
Page 87 and 88:
82 F. Pedrosa Domellöfadhesions be
Page 89 and 90:
84 F. Pedrosa Domellöfshown that (
Page 91 and 92:
86 F. Pedrosa DomellöfReferencesAg
Page 93 and 94:
88 F. Pedrosa DomellöfMori M, Kuwa
Page 95 and 96:
Chapter 6Masticatory Muscle Structu
Page 97 and 98:
6 Masticatory Muscle Structure and
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
112 B.J. Sessle et al.zygomaticus m
Page 117 and 118:
114 B.J. Sessle et al.Fig. 7.1 ( a
Page 119 and 120:
116 B.J. Sessle et al.Most of the m
Page 121 and 122:
118 B.J. Sessle et al.lie immediate
Page 123 and 124:
120 B.J. Sessle et al.(Dubner et al
Page 125 and 126:
122 B.J. Sessle et al.Fig. 7.3 An e
Page 127 and 128:
124 B.J. Sessle et al.that each out
Page 129 and 130:
126 B.J. Sessle et al.2010 ; Plowma
Page 131 and 132:
128 B.J. Sessle et al.activities. S
Page 133 and 134:
130 B.J. Sessle et al.Moayedi M, We
Page 135 and 136:
132 S.L. Hebert et al.type 3 and cr
Page 137 and 138:
134 S.L. Hebert et al.This early de
Page 139 and 140:
136 S.L. Hebert et al.that EMG valu
Page 141 and 142:
138 S.L. Hebert et al.Newton JP, Ab
Page 143 and 144:
Chapter 9Structure and Function of
Page 145 and 146:
9 Structure and Function of the Lar
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Chapter 10Motor Control and Biomech
Page 171 and 172:
10 Motor Control and Biomechanics o
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
186 J.C. Stemple et al.established
Page 189 and 190:
188 J.C. Stemple et al.of protein d
Page 191 and 192:
190 J.C. Stemple et al.the depictio
Page 193 and 194:
192 J.C. Stemple et al.Fig. 11.2 Ul
Page 195 and 196:
194 J.C. Stemple et al.11.6 Larynge
Page 197 and 198:
196 J.C. Stemple et al.Neurapraxia,
Page 199 and 200:
198 J.C. Stemple et al.of the preci
Page 201 and 202:
200 J.C. Stemple et al.Gardner GM,
Page 203 and 204:
202 J.C. Stemple et al.Rhee HS, Luc
Page 205 and 206:
Part VITongue Musculature
Page 207 and 208:
208 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderTh
Page 209 and 210:
210 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderFi
Page 211 and 212:
212 A. Sokoloff and T. Burkholder12
Page 213 and 214:
214 A. Sokoloff and T. Burkholderou
Page 215 and 216:
216 A. Sokoloff and T. Burkholderbe
Page 217 and 218:
218 A. Sokoloff and T. Burkholderel
Page 219 and 220:
220 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderFi
Page 221 and 222:
222 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderCo
Page 223 and 224:
224 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderAn
Page 225 and 226:
226 A. Sokoloff and T. BurkholderOl
Page 227 and 228:
Chapter 13Tongue Biomechanics and M
Page 229 and 230:
Fig. 13.1 Retrogradely labeled enti
Page 231 and 232:
13 Tongue Biomechanics and Motor Co
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Chapter 14Tongue Muscle Responseto
Page 241 and 242:
14 Tongue Muscle Response to Neurom
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Part VIIFacial Muscles
Page 263 and 264:
266 A.O. Grobbelaar and A.C.S. Wool
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286: 288 J. Park et al.Table 16.1 Disord
Page 287 and 288: 290 J. Park et al.Table 16.2 Jankov
Page 289 and 290: 292 J. Park et al.16.2.3 Pathophysi
Page 291 and 292: 294 J. Park et al.evident eyelid sq
Page 293 and 294: 296 J. Park et al.Focal motor seizu
Page 295 and 296: 298 J. Park et al.Fig. 16.1 Content
Page 297 and 298: 300 J. Park et al.Botox ® in human
Page 299 and 300: 302 J. Park et al.Long-term effect
Page 301 and 302: 304 J. Park et al.is as high as 50%
Page 303 and 304: 306 J. Park et al.Table 16.4 Drugs
Page 305 and 306: 308 J. Park et al.septum should be
Page 307 and 308: 310 J. Park et al.16.9 Hemifacial S
Page 309 and 310: 312 J. Park et al.16.9.5 TreatmentB
Page 311 and 312: 314 J. Park et al.regeneration beca
Page 313 and 314: 316 J. Park et al.Alderson K, Holds
Page 315 and 316: 318 J. Park et al.Grandas F, Elston
Page 317 and 318: 320 J. Park et al.McCord CD Jr (198
Page 319 and 320: Part VIIISummary and Conclusions
Page 321 and 322: 326 L.K. McLoon and F.H. Andrade17.
Page 327 and 328: 332 L.K. McLoon and F.H. AndradeDie
Page 329 and 330: 334 L.K. McLoon and F.H. AndradeSam
Page 331 and 332: IndexAAbducens nucleusvs. lateral r
Page 333 and 334: Index339Embryonic myosin heavy chai
Page 335: IndexLLagophthalmos , 304, 308Lamin
Page 339: Index345hydrostat mass reduction ,
show all

Craniofacial Muscles

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?