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Geomaterials Science Geomaterial Science (Applied Mineralogy) explores formation/processing conditions, composition, microstructure and properties of minerals, rocks and synthesized compounds, where the latter reveal a wide variety of industrial applications. The research focuses on a comprehensive characterization of the relevant natural and synthetic phases, their performance under pressure, temperature, deformation and local chemical environment as well as tailored synthesis experiments for high-tech materials. The experimental studies focus on the crystal chemistry of minerals and synthetic compounds, in particular, their crystal structure, phase assemblage, deformation behaviour and microstructure evolution. The microstructure variation (e.g., during exposure to high temperature) has an essential effect on thermo-mechanical and electrical properties of synthetic materials as well as natural minerals, which in turn can be used to reconstruct the mechanical and thermal history of rock during sub- or obduction processes. An important facet of the Fachgebiet Geomaterial Science (and Environmental Mineralogy of Prof. Weinbruch) at the Institute of Applied Geosciences is the application of electron microscopy techniques for the detailed micro/nano-structural characterization of solids. Here, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with spectroscopic analytical methods such as energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtered imaging (GIF) are the main tools employed for detailed microstructure and defect characterization. High-resolution imaging of local defects on the atomic scale in addition to chemical analysis with high lateral resolution (down to a few nanometers) is similarly applied to high-performance ceramics, natural minerals, meteorites and corrosion phenomena. Recent research projects involve topics such as fatigue of ferroelectrics, re-calibration of the clinopyroxene-garnet geothermometer with respect to small variations in the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ -ratio, formation temperature of meteorites, defect structure in Bixbyite single crystals and transparent ceramics based on the spinel structure. Future research activities will include investigations on interface structures in polycrystals, high-temperature microstructures and the study of biomaterials based on hydroxylapatite. Staff Members Head Prof. Dr. Hans-Joachim Kleebe Research Associate Dr. Stefan lauterbach Technical Personnel Bernd Dreieicher Secretary Betina Schubotz PhD Students N.N.; Fe-Mg Geothermometer Jens Kling; SFB-595 (co-supervision with Prof. H. Fueß) Guest Scientists Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Müller Dr. Avanish Srivastava, New Delhi, India - 128 -
Research Projects Transmission electron microscopy of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic eclogite from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling project at Donghai (DFG 2006-2008, Prof. Wolfgang Müller in collaboration with Z. Xu, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences). Rapid Exhumation of the Eclogite Zone in the Tauern Window: Deformation Effects in Eclogite Minerals Close to the Interface Eclogite Zone/Lower Schist Cover (scientific interaction 2005-2009), Prof. Wolfgang Müller in collaboration with G. Franz, TU Berlin). Thermal History of Chromite Layers and Iron-Rich Rims in Chondrules of the Allende Meteorite (scientific cooperation 2006-2007 with Prof. Stefan Weinbruch and PD Dr. Peter van Aken). Planar Defects in Bixbyite, (Mn,Fe)2O3; A Prominent Diffusion Path (scientific cooperation 2005-2008 with Dr. Alexander Rečnic, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia). The Effect of LiF Addition on the Sintering Mechanism of Spinel, MgAl2O4 (scientific collaboration 2005-2008 with Prof. Ivar E. Reimanis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA). Microstructure Characterization of Boron Suboxide, B6O (scientific interaction 2006- 2008 with Prof. Jack Sigalas, School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa). Temperature and Pressure Dependence of the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ -Ratio in Omphacite for Re- Calibration of the Fe-Mg Geothermometer (DFG 2006-2008). Deformation Experiments on Omphacite at Pressure and Temperature Conditions of High Pressure Metamorphism (Prof. Wolfgang Müller, 2005-2008, in collaboration with N. Walte, N. Miyajima, D. Frost, Bavarian Geoinstitute, Bayreuth). Microstructures of Eclogite Minerals from the Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphic Unit at Lago di Cignana, Western Alps, Italy (Prof. Wolfgang Müller, 2005-2008, in collaboration with R. Compagnoni, Torino, Italy). Publications Ayers, R.; Nielsen-Preiss, S.; Ferguson, V.; Gotolli, G.; Moore, J.J.; Kleebe, H.-J.; Osteoblast-like cell mineralization induced by multiphasic calcium phosphate ceramic, Mater. Sci. Eng., C 26 (2006) 1333. Gregori, G.; Kleebe, H.-J.; Mayr, H.; Ziegler, G.; EELS characterization of β-tricalcium phosphate and hyrdroxyapatite, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., [8] (2006) 26, 1473. - 129 -
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ANNUAL REPORT 2 0 0 6 FACULTY OF MA
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Annual Report 2006 Faculty 11 Mater
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Preface The year 2006 of the Depart
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difference of numerical and analyti
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Institute of Materials Science Phys
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Research Projects Bulk Amorphous Al
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el Dsoki, C.; Landersheim, V. ; Kau
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Das, J.; Kim, K. B.; Xu, W.; Wei, B
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Staff Members Head Prof. Dr. Jürge
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Zhou L.; Rixecker G.; Aldinger F.;
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concerned with the synthesis and ch
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Publications Fleissner, A.; Schmid,
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• Surface analysis The UHV-surfac
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T. Mayer, U. Weiler, E. Mankel and
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Thin films The Thin Film division w
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Berky, W.; Gottschalk, S.; Elliman,
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Guest Scientists Research Projects
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Hesse, S.; Zimmermann, J.; von Segg
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Structure Research The research in
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Research Projects Functional Advanc
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Dincer, I.; Elerman, Y.; Elmali, A;
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hexakis(imidazole)nickel(II)bis(for
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Chemical Analytics The chemical ana
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Collaborations The above mentioned
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Hoffmann, P.; Non-Invasive Identifi
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Ferroelectrics For this class of ma
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Materials Modelling The research ac
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Materials for Renewable Energies In
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Joint Research Laboratory Nanomater
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Collaborative Research Center (SFB)
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B7 P.I.: Prof. H. v. Seggern / Dr.
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The glass transition temperature (T
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transition allows to investigate at
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Relative density 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.8
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Fig. 2 shows the time dependencies
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Dielectric interface trap engineeri
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∆V C q th eff 12 −2 p ( VGS = 0
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Fig. 3: Schematic of the photovolta
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synthesis and analysis of interface
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