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Collaborative Research Center (SFB) „Electric Fatigue in Functional Materials“ Phase II: Jan. 2007 – Dec. 2010 www.sfb595.tu-darmstadt.de The center for collaborative studies (Sonderforschungsbereich) has been awarded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in 2002 to TU Darmstadt and is centered in the Department of Materials and Earth Sciences with important contributions from the Department of Chemistry and the Departments of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering as well as the Mechanical Engineering Department of the University of Karlsruhe. The center was renewed in 2006 and has recently started its second four-year funding period. It is comprised of a total of 19 projects and financial resources for four years of about 8 Mio. €. The center has an active guest program with guests visiting from 2 days to 3 months. For specific information, please contact either the secretary of the center, Mrs. Gila Voelzke, or the director of the center, Prof. Jürgen Rödel. Contact: Office: SFB 595: Electrical Fatigue in Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Science Petersenstr. 23 64287 Darmstadt Tel.: +49-6151-16-6362, 6315 Fax: +49-6151-16-6363, 6314 Building/Room: L201 / 55 E-mail: roedel@ceramics.tu-darmstadt.de Voelzke@ceramics.tu-darmstadt.de Electrical fatigue in functional materials encompasses a set of phenomena, which lead to the degradation of materials with an increasing number of electrical cycles. Electrical cycling leads to both reversible and irreversible currents and polarisations. Ionic and electronic charge carriers interact with each other and with microstructural elements in the bulk as well as at interfaces (grain boundaries and domain walls) and interphases (electrode/electrolyte). This in turn causes local changes in the distribution of electric currents and electric potentials. As a consequence local overloads and material degradation ensues and leads to irreversible loss of material properties. This material degradation can lead finally to mechanical damage as well as to dissociation reactions. The basic phenomena of electrical fatigue are not yet understood on a microscopic level. The goal of this center of excellence in the second phase is the understanding of the mechanisms leading to electrical fatigue. An understanding of the experimental results is supported by concurrent materials modelling which is geared to encompass different time and length scales from the material to the component. A key feature of the center is therefore the steady comparison between theory and experiment. This is utilized to find the physico-chemical origins of electrical fatigue as well as to develop strategies for new materials and improved material combinations. The - 58 -
materials of interest are ferroelectrics, electrical conductors (cathode materials for lithium batteries and transparent conducting oxides) and semiconducting polymers. Projects: Division A: Synthesis A1 P.I. : Prof. J. Rödel Topic: Manufacturing of textured ceramics actuators with high strain A2 P.I. : Prof. M. J. Hoffmann, Topic: Manufacturing and characterization of PZT-ceramics under dc loading A3 P.I. : Prof. W. Jaegermann Topic: Boundary layers and thin films of ionic conductors: Electronic structure, electrochemical potentials, defect formation and degradation mechanisms A4 P.I. : Prof. R. Riedel Topic: Novel functional ceramics using anionic substitution in oxidic systems A5 P.I.: Prof. M. Rehahn Topic: Synthesis of semiconducting model polymers and their characterization before and after cyclic electric fatigue Division B: Characterization B1 P.I.: Dr. R.-A. Eichel / Prof. K.-P. Dinse Topic: EPR-Investigations of defects in ferroelectric ceramic material B2 P.I.: Dr. Dr. A. G. Balogh Topic: Investigations of the defect structure and diffusion in ferroelectric materials B3 P.I.: Prof. H.-J. Kleebe / Prof. H. Fueß Topic: Structural investigations into the electrical fatigue in PZT B4 P.I.: Dr. H. Ehrenberg Topic: In-situ investigations of the degradation of intercalation batteries und their modelling - 59 -
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ANNUAL REPORT 2 0 0 6 FACULTY OF MA
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Annual Report 2006 Faculty 11 Mater
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Preface The year 2006 of the Depart
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difference of numerical and analyti
Page 10 and 11: Institute of Materials Science Phys
Page 12 and 13: Research Projects Bulk Amorphous Al
Page 14 and 15: el Dsoki, C.; Landersheim, V. ; Kau
Page 16 and 17: Das, J.; Kim, K. B.; Xu, W.; Wei, B
Page 18 and 19: Staff Members Head Prof. Dr. Jürge
Page 20 and 21: Zhou L.; Rixecker G.; Aldinger F.;
Page 22 and 23: concerned with the synthesis and ch
Page 24 and 25: Publications Fleissner, A.; Schmid,
Page 26 and 27: • Surface analysis The UHV-surfac
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Page 30 and 31: Thin films The Thin Film division w
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Page 48 and 49: Collaborations The above mentioned
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Synthesis of oxide-polymer nanocomp
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Diploma Theses Böhme, Mario; Herst
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Sperling, Sebastian; Untersuchungen
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Institute of Applied Geosiences Phy
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Research Projects Geomorphology and
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Engineering Geology Engineering Geo
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Investigation of a Doline in NE-Hes
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Applied Sedimentology Sedimentary r
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econstruction.(Diploma thesis in co
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Darmstadt University of Technology
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Geomaterials Science Geomaterial Sc
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Gregori, G.; Kleebe H.-J.; Sorarù,
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Hessische Industriemüll GmbH). Due
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Technical Personnel Josef Kolb, Dip
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Research Projects Environmental sca
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Fig. 1: Aerial photo of the Lake Li
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Lithological Map of the Japanese Ar
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tower stripping, and therefore much
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Diffusion and reaction in micro- an
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Rift dynamics, uplift and climate c
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Geology, land use change and erosio
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nearly half a century has been perf
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The Effect of LiF Addition on the S
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In case of the undoped sintered B6O
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Microstructures in Omphacite and Ot
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Modelling phase-assemblage diagrams
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As an example, Fig. 2 shows the che
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MATERIALS SCIENCE Physical Metallur
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