Microbiology, 2021

404 10 • Review Questions
15. Which of the following may use RNA as its
genome?
A. a bacterium
B. an archaeon
C. a virus
D. a eukaryote
16. Which of the following correctly describes the
structure of the typical eukaryotic genome?
A. diploid
B. linear
C. singular
D. double stranded
17. Which of the following is typically found as part
of the prokaryotic genome?
A. chloroplast DNA
B. linear chromosomes
C. plasmids
D. mitochondrial DNA
18. Serratia marcescens cells produce a red
pigment at room temperature. The red color of
the colonies is an example of which of the
following?
A. genotype
B. phenotype
C. change in DNA base composition
D. adaptation to the environment
19. Which of the following genes would not likely be
encoded on a plasmid?
A. genes encoding toxins that damage host
tissue
B. genes encoding antibacterial resistance
C. gene encoding enzymes for glycolysis
D. genes encoding enzymes for the
degradation of an unusual substrate
20. Histones are DNA binding proteins that are
important for DNA packaging in which of the
following?
A. double-stranded and single-stranded DNA
viruses
B. archaea and bacteria
C. bacteria and eukaryotes
D. eukaryotes and archaea
True/False
21. The work of Rosalind Franklin and R.G. Gosling
was important in demonstrating the helical
nature of DNA.
22. The A-T base pair has more hydrogen bonding
than the C-G base pair.
23. Ribosomes are composed mostly of RNA.
24. Double-stranded RNA is commonly found
inside cells.
25. Within an organism, phenotypes may change
while genotypes remain constant.
26. Noncoding DNA has no biological purpose.
Matching
27. Match the correct molecule with its description:
___tRNA
___rRNA
___mRNA
A. is a major component of
ribosome
B. is a copy of the information in a
gene
C. carries an amino acid to the
ribosome
Fill in the Blank
28. The element ____________ is unique to nucleic
acids compared with other macromolecules.
29. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, the
macromolecule thought to be responsible for
heredity was ______________.
30. The end of a nucleic acid strand with a free
phosphate group is called the ________.
31. Plasmids are typically transferred among
members of a bacterial community by ________
gene transfer.
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