epdf.pub_cbest-cliffs-test-prep13a9b242c7cb4125e6cca92d00a73d5a41681

Part V: Practice-Review-Analyze-Practice
23. The author would probably agree with
each of the following statements except:
A. To conform to custom, merely as
custom, does not educate or
develop one.
B. Human beings should use and
interpret experience in their own
way.
C. More good may always be made
of an energetic nature than of an
indolent and impassive one.
D. Persons whose desires and impulses
are their own are said to
have character.
E. It makes good sense to choose the
easy life of conformity.
Read the passage below and answer the
two questions that follow.
Charles Darwin was both a naturalist and a
scientist. Darwin’s The Origin of Species
(1859) was based on twenty-five years of research
in testing and checking his theory of
evolution. “Darwinism” had a profound effect
on the natural sciences, the social sciences,
and the humanities. Churchmen who
feared for the survival of religious institutions
rushed to attack him. However, Darwin
never attempted to apply his laws of evolution
to human society. It was the social
Darwinists who expanded the theory of evolution
to include society as a whole. The social
Darwinists viewed society as a “struggle
for existence” with only the “fittest” members
of society able to survive. They espoused
basically a racist and elitist doctrine.
Some people were naturally superior to others;
it was in the “nature of things” for big
business to take over “less fit,” smaller
concerns.
24. The final sentence of the passage
beginning “Some people . . .” is the
author’s attempt to
A. discredit Charles Darwin’s theory.
B. voice his or her own point of view.
C. summarize one point of view.
D. give social Darwinism a fair shake.
E. explain the modern prominence of
big business.
25. The author’s primary purpose in this
passage is to
A. warn of the dangers of having one’s
ideas abused.
B. show that Darwin was unconcerned
with human society.
C. defend Darwin against modern
charges of racism and elitism.
D. explain how Darwin’s theory was
applied to society.
E. give an example of Darwinian
evolution.
Read the passage below and answer the
question that follows.
Current evidence suggests that there is a
marked tendency for children with superior
IQs to be more mature both socially and
physically than children of average ability.
Also, educational research shows that gifted
children also appear superior in moral or trait
tests to children of average IQ.
26. In the preceding passage, the author is
using gifted children to mean children
A. from a traditional moral
background.
B. who are in no way average.
C. with superior IQs.
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