Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology

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138 Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology, Vol. 10 (2005) Nicolas Robin & Frank Hellwig system developed by A. J. G. K. Batsch or A.-L. de Jussieu’s “méthode naturelle”. On the contrary he sustained the necessity to break with the criteria of classification stated by C. von Linné and naturally supported the thought process of A. J. G. K. Batsch. However, he did not seem to follow unconditionaly all the systematical propositions of the latter uncritically. For example, we find the following comment in his “naturwissenschaftlichen Schriften”: “Durch den fördernden Umgang mit Batsch waren mir die Verhältnisse der Pflanzenfamilien nach und nach sehr wichtig geworden, nun kam mir Usteris Ausgabe des Jussieuschen Werks [“Genera plantarum”] gar wohl zustatten; […]. Jedoch konnte mir nicht verborgen bleiben, daß die Betrachtung der Monokotyledonen die schnellste Ansicht gewähre, indem sie wegen Einfalt ihrer Organe die Geheimnisse der Natur offen zur Schau tragen und sowohl vorwärts zu den entwickelten Phanerogamen als rückwärts zu den geheimen Kryptogamen hindeuten.” 105 We have demonstrated in this paper that Fr. S. Voigt’s ideas and the evolution of his sketches of a natural classification of plants were quite clear. He always paid significant attention to the French botanists who were developing the natural method. We have mentioned his translation of the L. Cl. Richard but we may state furthermore that Fr. S. Voigt was also one of the german translators of G. Cuvier (1769-1832) 106, who in his zoological publications, himself had underlined the importance of the subordination of the plant features. From his studies of L. Cl. Richard to his translation of G. Cuvier Fr. S. Voigt’s purpose was always to understand the affinities of the organisms. Furthermore the works of Fr. S. Voigt come within the framework of the dynamics of research on plant systematics in the Weimar-Jena area around 1800, also sustained by the Weimar publisher Landes-Industrie-Comptoir which diffused translations of English textbooks and interpretations on the natural method, for example James Edward Smith’s Grammar of Botany or John Lindley’s Introduction to Botany. In the development of Fr. S. Voigt’s scientific works we can observe the reception of the French science, the critical evaluation of traditional and new taxonomic concepts. References: Bach, T.; Breidbach, O. (2001) Die Lehre im Bereich „Naturwissenschaften“ an der Universität Jena zwischen 1788 und 1807. N.T.M., 9, pp. 152-176. Bartling, F. G. (1830) Ordines naturales plantarum. Dieterich, Gottingae. Batsch, A. J. G. K. (1786) Dispositio generum plantarum ienensium. Heller, Jena. Batsch, A J. G. K. (1788) Versuch einer Anleitung, zur Kenntniß und Geschichte der Thiere und Mineralien: für akademische Vorlesungen entworfen, und mit den nöthigsten Abbildungen versehen. 2 vol. Akademische Buchhandlung, Jena. 105 Goethe, J. W. von. Naturwissenschaftliche Schriften. Leipzig, Insel Verlag, 1916: p. 227. 106 See Voigt, Fr. S. Das Thierreich, geordnet nach seiner Organisation: als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Einleitung in die vergleichende Anatomie / vom Baron von Cuvier. Leipzig, Brockhaus, 1831-1843: 4 vol. Cain, J. op. cit. note 14, 1957-1958: pp. 185-217. See Robin, N. (2006)
Plant systematics in Jena during the early 19 th century Batsch, A. J. G. K. (1794) Disposito generum plantarum europae synoptica secundum systema sexuale emendatum exarata adiunctus ordonibus naturalibus. Croeker, Jena. Batsch, A. J. G. K. (1795) Conspectus Horti botanici ducalis Ienensis secundum aerolas systematice dispositas in usum botanicorum ienensium. Ch. G. Goepferdt, Jena. Batsch, A. J. G. K. (1802) Tabula affinitatum regni vegetabilis quam delineavit et nunc ulterius adumbratam. Landes-Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar. Bradish, J. A. v. (1937) Goethe Beamtenlaufbahn, vol. 4. B. Westermann & Co., New-York. Breidbach, O. (2004) Friedrich Siegmund Voigt – Botanik nach Lesart von Goethes Metamorphosenlehre. Goethe-Jahrbuch, 2004: pp. 238-252. Brown, R. (1810) Prodromus florae novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van-Diemen: exhibens characteres plantarum. vol. 1. Taylor & Johnson, London. Caesalpino, A. (1583) De Plantis Libri XVI. G. Marescottum, Florentiae. Cain, J. (1957) Deductive and inductive methods in post-linnean taxonomy. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 170, pp. 185-217. Deshayes, C. (1807) Carte botanique de la méthode naturelle d´A. L. de Jussieu. Paris, Imprimerie de la République, An IX: 92 p. De Candolle, A. P. (1844) Théorie élémentaire de la botanique, ou Exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l'art de décrire et d'étudier les végétaux. Déterville, Paris. De Candolle, A. P. (2004) Mémoires et souvenirs (1778-1841). Candaux, J.-D. ; Drouin, J.-M. (eds). Georg, Genève. Devaux, A. N. (1813) Notice biographique sur M. Friedrich Sigmund Voigt. Journal de Botanique, 1, pp. 95-96. Drouin, J.-M. (1994) Classification des sciences et classification des plantes chez Augustin- Pyramus De Candolle. Revue de synthèse, 1-2, pp. 149-165. Gaertner, J. (1788) De fructibus et seminibus plantarum. 3. vol. Typis Academiae Carolinae, Stuttgart. Goethe, J. W. v. (1916) Naturwissenschaftliche Schriften in Auswahl. Grossherzog Wilhelm Ernst Ausgabe. Insel Verlag, Leipzig. Goethe, J. W. v. (1975) Schriften zur Botanik und Wissenschaftslehre. Gesamt Ausgabe 39, 2nd Edition. DTV, München, pp. 49-66. Graumüller, J. Ch. Fr. Tabellarische Uebersicht des alten Linnéischen Pflanzensystems und des verbesserten von Thunberg, so wie auch der natürlichen Systeme von Jussieu und Batsch. J. W. Schöne, Eisenberg. Heisterus, L. (1749) Systema plantarum generale ex fructificatione […].Weygand, Helmstadt. Jahn, I. (1985) Die Studienreise von Friedrich Sigmund Voigt nach Paris 1809/10 im Spiegel der Goethe-Akten. Leopoldina, Serie 3, 28, pp. 215-233. Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology, Vol. 10 (2005) 139
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