References

XVIII Contents
18.3 Advantages and Principles of Oscillatory Control ................ 268
18.3.1 Feedback Control, Damping
and Self-Sustained Oscillations................................ 268
18.3.2 Advantages of Oscillatory Strategy ........................... 269
18.3.3 Deterministic Chaos and “Strange” Behaviour........... 270
18.3.4 Resonant Regimes ................................................. 271
18.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives ................................. 272
References ............................................................................. 272
19 Electrical Signals in Long-Distance Communication in Plants 277
Kazimierz Trebacz, Halina Dziubinska, Elzbieta Krol
19.1 Action Potentials ............................................................ 277
19.1.1 General Characteristics .......................................... 277
19.1.2 Ion Mechanism of Action Potentials ......................... 278
19.1.3 Ways of Action Potential Transmission ..................... 283
19.1.4 Physiological Implication of Plant Excitation ............. 284
19.2 Conclusions and Future Perspectives ................................. 287
References ............................................................................. 287
20 Slow Wave Potentials – a Propagating Electrical Signal
Unique to Higher Plants 291
Rainer Stahlberg, Robert E. Cleland, Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh
20.1 A New Effort to Decipher the Impact
of Electrical Long-Distance Signals in Plants....................... 292
20.2 Propagating Depolarization Signals in Plants...................... 292
20.3 SWPs are Hydraulically-Induced Depolarizations ................ 295
20.4 The Propagation of SWPs................................................. 301
20.5 The Ionic Mechanism of SWPs.......................................... 302
20.6 The Effects of SWPs: Targeted Organs................................ 303
20.7 WPs and SWPs ............................................................... 304
References ............................................................................. 305
21 Electrical Signals, the Cytoskeleton, and Gene Expression:
a Hypothesis on the Coherence of the Cellular Responses
to Environmental Insult 309
Eric Davies, Bratislav Stankovic
21.1 Introduction to the Hypothesis ......................................... 309
21.2 Evidence for Our Hypothesis............................................ 312
21.2.1 Electrical Signals and Translation ............................ 312
21.2.2 Calcium, the Cytoskeleton, and Translation............... 312
21.2.3 Calcium Channels, the Cytoskeleton, and Transcription315