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240 V. Demidchik dependent), blocked by lanthanides, insensitive to Ca 2+ and K + channel inhibitors (such as nifedipine, verapamil and tetraethylammonium), and showed fast activation kinetics (in the millisecond range). In addition to permeating constitutive NSCC, Na + can also permeate a membrane through glutamate-activated conductance, as was recently characterised in Arabidopsis root epidermis (Demidchik et al. 2004). Glutamate-induced Na + influx currents were present in a low proportion of protoplasts (about one tenth of the protoplasts at 0.1 mM and about one third at 3 mM glutamate), were weakly voltage dependent, permeable to K + ,Cs + and Ca 2+ and rapidly activating. However, the role of Na + influx through glutamate-activated channels is obscure because 44 Na + was only slightly affected by glutamate (Demidchik et al. 2004). ROS-activated NSCC are permeable to Na + (PK/PNa ≈ 0. 7) (Demidchik et al. 2003). NaCl was shown to stimulate the production of extracellular ROS (Demidchik et al. 2003). I suggest that NaCl-induced ROS production can activate Na + uptake through ROS-activated cation channels. This mechanism can potentially be very important for toxic Na + influx under salinity. Welch (1995) suggested that “nonspecific” cation channels are involved in the plant uptake of cation micronutrients and toxic metals, and since then a number of reports have been published about the NSCC-mediated influx of different metals in plants (Demidchik et al. 2002, 2003; Reid and Liu, 2004). The uptake of micronutrients, toxic and trace elements could be an important physiological function of NSCC. This function is based on NSCC domination in divalent cation influx at resting membrane voltages (Demidchik et al. 2002). Constitutive NSCC were shown to conduct large influx currents of Zn 2+ (PCa/PZn ≈ 0. 51) (Demidchik et al. 2002). ROSactivated NSCC were also permeable to this cation (Foreman et al. 2003). Experimental evidence supporting the involvement of cyclic nucleotidegated channels (CNGC) in transport of Ni 2+ and Pb 2+ has recently been reported for tobacco plants (Arazi et al. 1999; Sunkar et al. 2000). Reid and Liu (2004) have demonstrated that when extracellular radio-labelled Co 2+ concentrations were between 1 and 10 µM this micronutrient was taken up into plants exclusively by NSCC. NSCC also play a crucial role in an accumulation of Chernobyl pollutant 37 Cs + (White and Broadley 2000; Broadley et al. 2001; Demidchik et al. 2002). 16.5 The Role of NSCC in Plant Signalling Figure 16.1 shows a model of possible NSCC involvement in plant signalling and communication processes. These processes are necessary for
Fig.16.1. Possible roles of nonselective cation channels (NSCC) in plant signalling 16 Nonselective cation channels 241
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František Baluška · Stefano Manc
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Dr. František Baluška University
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VI Preface turn, reward the ants by
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VIII Preface of olfactory response.
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Contents 1 The Green Plant as an In
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Contents XIII 6 Signals and Targets
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Contents XV 11 Amino Acid Transport
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Contents XVII 15 Regulation of Plan
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Contents XIX 21.3 Conclusions and P
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Contents XXI 27.3.2 Catechin Induce
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XXIV Contributors Correa-Aragunde,
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XXVI Contributors Lamattina, L. (e-
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XXVIII Contributors Song, C. Depart
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1 The Green Plant as an Intelligent
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2 Neurobiological View of Plants an
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38 P.W. Barlow Thestimulipresentedt
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40 P.W. Barlow that a tropism is su
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42 P.W. Barlow the auxin flow into
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44 P.W. Barlow afferentnervousimpul
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46 P.W. Barlow analysis. In particu
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48 P.W. Barlow reception of his boo
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50 P.W. Barlow Iijima M, Kono Y (19
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4 How Can Plants Choose the Most Pr
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66 P.M. Neumann Finally, I examined
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68 P.M. Neumann evolutionary progre
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70 P.M. Neumann conclusion is that
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72 P.M. Neumann resources from matu
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6 Signals and Targets Triggered by
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6TargetsofSI 77 6.1.2 Self-Incompat
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6TargetsofSI 79 by Yang 2002) has p
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6TargetsofSI 81 al. 2002). Thus, SI
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6TargetsofSI 83 Fig.6.2. PrABP80 ha
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6TargetsofSI 85 many of the genes e
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6TargetsofSI 87 [Ca 2+ ]i may signa
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6TargetsofSI 89 is crosstalk betwee
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6TargetsofSI 91 Hepler PK, Vidali L
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6TargetsofSI 93 Snowman BN, Kovar D
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96 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling Wh
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98 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling Fo
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100 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling p
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102 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling i
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104 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling r
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106 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling F
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108 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling M
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8 Nitric Oxide Involvement in Incom
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124 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.1.1 Auxin
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126 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.1. Sc
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128 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.2. NO
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130 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.3.1 Nitri
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132 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.3. Sc
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134 M.L. Lanteri et al. Bellamine J
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136 M.L. Lanteri et al. Pagnussat G
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138 S.J. Murch H 3C CH3 CH3 N H 2C
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140 S.J. Murch edible plants (Manch
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142 S.J. Murch However, over the la
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144 S.J. Murch of monoamine, amino
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146 S.J. Murch On Guam and in other
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148 S.J. Murch 10.4 Conclusions and
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150 S.J. Murch Lindstrom H, Luthman
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11 Amino Acid Transport in Plants a
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11 AA transport in plant versus neu
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12 GABA and GHB Neurotransmitters i
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188 M. Gilliham et al. Fig.13.1. Ar
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290 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol S
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292 R. Stahlberg, R.E. Cleland, E.
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310 E.Davies,B.Stankovic It is assu
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312 E.Davies,B.Stankovic 21.2 Evide
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314 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Fig.21.3.
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316 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Relative m
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318 E.Davies,B.Stankovic 1992; Beel
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320 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Hentze MW,
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322 J. Fromm, S. Lautner in the ran
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324 J. Fromm, S. Lautner cells (Sam
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326 J. Fromm, S. Lautner 22.5 Ion C
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328 J. Fromm, S. Lautner hastobedon
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330 J. Fromm, S. Lautner Beilby MJ,
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332 J. Fromm, S. Lautner Williams S
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334 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai like the
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336 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai 2,000 nM
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338 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai the fourt
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340 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai “slow-w
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342 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai 23.6 Airb
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344 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai that tree
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346 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai Fort C, F
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348 S. Mancuso, S. Mugnai Pophof B,
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24 Electrophysiology and Phototropi
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370 E. Wagner et al. Table 25.1. Fl
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372 E. Wagner et al. Exudation [µl
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374 E. Wagner et al. metabolism at
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376 E. Wagner et al. The circadian
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378 E. Wagner et al. Fig.25.5. Time
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380 E. Wagner et al. Fig.25.7. Patt
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382 E. Wagner et al. Fig.25.9. Time
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384 E. Wagner et al. Fig.25.11. a K
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386 E. Wagner et al. 25.9 Conclusio
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388 E. Wagner et al. Lecharny A, Wa
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26 Signals and Signalling Pathways
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404 L.G. Perry et al. properties (S
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406 L.G. Perry et al. Fig.27.1. A s
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408 L.G. Perry et al. phytotoxins i
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410 L.G. Perry et al. monooxygenase
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412 L.G. Perry et al. 27.4 (±)-Cat
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414 L.G. Perry et al. (±)-catechin
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416 L.G. Perry et al. mineralizatio
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418 L.G. Perry et al. Dyer AR (2004
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420 L.G. Perry et al. Singh HP, Bat
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422 V.Ninkovic,R.Glinwood,J.Petters
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436 Subject Index defense 67, 95-10
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438 Subject Index sieve-tube-elemen
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