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Contributors XXIX Velasquez, L. Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, 6100 S. Main St., Houston, TX 77005–1892, USA Vivanco, J.M. Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA Volkov, A.G. (e-mail: gvolkov@oakwood.edu) Department of Chemistry, Oakwood College, 7000 Adventist Blvd., Huntsville, AL 35896, USA Volkmann, D. Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany Wagner, E. (e-mail: Edgar.Wagner@biologie.uni-freiburg.de) Albert-Ludwigs University, Institute of Biology, Schanzlerstr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Weir, T.L. Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA Wildon, D. (e-mail: D.Wildon@uea.ac.uk) University of East Anglia, School of Biological Sciences, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK Wipf, D. (e-mail: dwipf@uni-bonn.de) NWG Transport in der Mykorrhiza, IZMB – Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik Bonn, University Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany Yellin, A. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
1 The Green Plant as an Intelligent Organism Anthony Trewavas Abstract Intelligence is an aspect of complex adaptive behaviour and a term not normally applied to plants. This chapter indicates a change in concept is long overdue and if poets can recognize it (above) so should scientists. Networks that control information flow are described as intelligent and such networks exist in all single living cells and in more complex multicellular organisms. Phosphoneural bacterial networks are briefly considered and these exist in a slightly different molecular but more complex form in higher plant and animal cells. Intelligent behaviour involves the whole organism and such integration involves complex communication. Evidence that plants forage and act intelligently in acquiring resources is indicated. The phenotype is actively (not passively) constructed in response to a complex changing environment by decisions that best secure the well-being of the individual plant within the life cycle goal of optimal fitness. MoreandmoreIhavecometoadmireresilienceNotthesimpleresistanceofapillow whose foam Returns over and over to the same shape but the sinuous Tenacity of a tree: findingthelightnewlyblockedononesideItturnstoanother.Ablindintelligence true But out of such persistence arose turtles, rivers, Mitochondria figs-all this resinous un-retractable earth. Jane Hirshfield (2005) 1.1 Introduction Intelligence is an aspect of adaptive behaviour, even in humans. Organisms that live in challenging but variable and competitive circumstances require forms of behaviour that rise to that challenge and must be equally flexible to improvefitness.Thosebestabletomastertheirenvironmentarethosemost likely to succeed in the Darwinian wars. “The success of a species depends on it performing well (surviving and producing offspring, i.e. fitness) in its own particular environment. And intelligence plays a critical part in this success.” Warwick 2001, p. 9). Since the life cycle is probably a primary target of natural selection (McNamara and Houston 1996; Schlichting and Pigliucci 1998), efficient acquisition of necessary food resources during growth and development is an important aspect of subsequent fitness becausethereisacommonrelationbetweenaccumulatedresourcesand subsequent sibling number (Bazzaz 1996). Communication in Plants F. Baluška, S. Mancuso, D. Volkmann (Eds.) © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
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4 How Can Plants Choose the Most Pr
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66 P.M. Neumann Finally, I examined
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68 P.M. Neumann evolutionary progre
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70 P.M. Neumann conclusion is that
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72 P.M. Neumann resources from matu
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6TargetsofSI 81 al. 2002). Thus, SI
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6TargetsofSI 85 many of the genes e
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6TargetsofSI 91 Hepler PK, Vidali L
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124 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.1.1 Auxin
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130 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.3.1 Nitri
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132 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.3. Sc
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134 M.L. Lanteri et al. Bellamine J
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136 M.L. Lanteri et al. Pagnussat G
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138 S.J. Murch H 3C CH3 CH3 N H 2C
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140 S.J. Murch edible plants (Manch
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142 S.J. Murch However, over the la
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144 S.J. Murch of monoamine, amino
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146 S.J. Murch On Guam and in other
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148 S.J. Murch 10.4 Conclusions and
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150 S.J. Murch Lindstrom H, Luthman
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11 Amino Acid Transport in Plants a
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11 AA transport in plant versus neu
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190 M. Gilliham et al. as compatibl
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192 M. Gilliham et al. apex (Zhang
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194 M. Gilliham et al. 13.3.3 Are A
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196 M. Gilliham et al. sufficiently
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198 M. Gilliham et al. 2005). It is
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200 M. Gilliham et al. 13.4.5 NSCC
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202 M. Gilliham et al. Kang J, Meht
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204 M. Gilliham et al. Zheng Y, Mel
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15 Regulation of Plant Growth and D
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16 Physiological Roles of Nonselect
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17 Touch-Responsive Behaviors and G
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18 Oscillations in Plants Sergey Sh
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18 Oscillations in Plants 263 Tempo
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18 Oscillations in Plants 267 backg
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18 Oscillations in Plants 269 The f
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18 Oscillations in Plants 271 prehe
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278 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol W
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292 R. Stahlberg, R.E. Cleland, E.
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318 E.Davies,B.Stankovic 1992; Beel
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320 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Hentze MW,
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322 J. Fromm, S. Lautner in the ran
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326 J. Fromm, S. Lautner 22.5 Ion C
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330 J. Fromm, S. Lautner Beilby MJ,
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26 Signals and Signalling Pathways
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408 L.G. Perry et al. phytotoxins i
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410 L.G. Perry et al. monooxygenase
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412 L.G. Perry et al. 27.4 (±)-Cat
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414 L.G. Perry et al. (±)-catechin
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416 L.G. Perry et al. mineralizatio
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418 L.G. Perry et al. Dyer AR (2004
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420 L.G. Perry et al. Singh HP, Bat
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422 V.Ninkovic,R.Glinwood,J.Petters
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436 Subject Index defense 67, 95-10
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438 Subject Index sieve-tube-elemen
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