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378 E. Wagner et al. Fig.25.5. Time course of adenylate kinase (AK), NAD- and NADP-glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) activity during darkness. C. rubrum (ecotype 184/68) seedlings germinated in alternating light intensity and temperature for 4.5 days. Thereafter constant 20 ◦ C, 6,000 lx fluorescent white light for 24 h followed by a dark period of varied duration (3-h increments). The enzyme activities were measured at the end of each respective dark period. The dark period medium was either Hoagland’s solution or 0.4 M glucose in Hoagland’s solution under sterile conditions. There are semicircadian oscillations with an inverse phase relationship between photosynthetic NADP-GPD and glycolytic NAD-GPD. Glucose feeding in darkness has no effect on NADP-GPD but stimulates the other enzyme activities (Frosch et al. 1973) 25.6 Hydraulic–Electrochemical Integration of the Whole Plant The integration of metabolic activity of C. rubrum plants on a hydraulic– electrochemical level is represented by a diurnal rhythm in compound surface-membrane potential (Fig. 25.2). Spontaneous surface-membrane action potentials could be shown to correlate with turgor-controlled hydraulic growth movements of leaves and stem extension (Fig. 25.11), which are controlled by the photoperiod. Recorded electrophysiograms can be
25 Hydro-Electrochemical Integration of the Higher Plant 379 Fig.25.6. Pattern of AK isozymes from C. rubrum (ecotype 374) after chromatography on (diethylamino)ethyl (DEAE) cellulose. Top Seedlings grown on Hoagland’s solution with 0.5% agar at 6,500 lx continuous white fluorescent light for 24 days. Bottom The same conditions with one inductive dark period of 12 h, 5.5 days after sowing. The abundance of the different isozymes in the cellular compartments changes after flower induction; in particular the relation between chloroplasts (AK V) and mitochondria (AK I). Isozyme AK IV (nucleus) was not detected (Wagner et al. 1983). AK I mitochondria, AK II cytoplasm, AK III chloroplasts, AK IV nucleus, AK V chloroplasts, P phosphatase used for the control of development, i.e. via electrogenic induction of flowering by DC pulses (Wagner et al. 2004). At the apex, photoperiodic conditions inducing flowering have been studied at the cellular level in C. rubrum (Sect. 25.3). There are very early changes in calcium and pH patterning (Albrechtová et al. 2003) and carbohydrate metabolism, which could lead to an increase in osmotic pressure inthecellsoftheapicalmeristem,andthusbuildadrivingforceforwater transport (Albrechtová and Wagner 2004). It is well known that aquaporins are involved in regulating water relations, and studies in C. rubrum revealed the expression of a novel aquaporin (CrAQP) with a transient increase in the expression a few hours before the maximal increase in the size of the meristem (Albrechtová and Wagner 2004; Albrechtová et al. 2004). It was
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František Baluška · Stefano Manc
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Dr. František Baluška University
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VI Preface turn, reward the ants by
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VIII Preface of olfactory response.
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Contents 1 The Green Plant as an In
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Contents XIII 6 Signals and Targets
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Contents XV 11 Amino Acid Transport
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Contents XVII 15 Regulation of Plan
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Contents XIX 21.3 Conclusions and P
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Contents XXI 27.3.2 Catechin Induce
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XXIV Contributors Correa-Aragunde,
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XXVI Contributors Lamattina, L. (e-
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XXVIII Contributors Song, C. Depart
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1 The Green Plant as an Intelligent
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2 Neurobiological View of Plants an
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38 P.W. Barlow Thestimulipresentedt
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40 P.W. Barlow that a tropism is su
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42 P.W. Barlow the auxin flow into
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44 P.W. Barlow afferentnervousimpul
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46 P.W. Barlow analysis. In particu
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48 P.W. Barlow reception of his boo
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50 P.W. Barlow Iijima M, Kono Y (19
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4 How Can Plants Choose the Most Pr
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66 P.M. Neumann Finally, I examined
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68 P.M. Neumann evolutionary progre
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70 P.M. Neumann conclusion is that
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72 P.M. Neumann resources from matu
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6 Signals and Targets Triggered by
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6TargetsofSI 77 6.1.2 Self-Incompat
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6TargetsofSI 79 by Yang 2002) has p
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6TargetsofSI 81 al. 2002). Thus, SI
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6TargetsofSI 83 Fig.6.2. PrABP80 ha
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6TargetsofSI 85 many of the genes e
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6TargetsofSI 87 [Ca 2+ ]i may signa
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6TargetsofSI 89 is crosstalk betwee
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6TargetsofSI 91 Hepler PK, Vidali L
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6TargetsofSI 93 Snowman BN, Kovar D
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96 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling Wh
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98 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling Fo
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100 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling p
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102 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling i
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106 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling F
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108 T. Nürnberger, B. Kemmerling M
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8 Nitric Oxide Involvement in Incom
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124 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.1.1 Auxin
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126 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.1. Sc
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128 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.2. NO
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130 M.L. Lanteri et al. 9.3.1 Nitri
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132 M.L. Lanteri et al. Fig.9.3. Sc
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134 M.L. Lanteri et al. Bellamine J
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136 M.L. Lanteri et al. Pagnussat G
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138 S.J. Murch H 3C CH3 CH3 N H 2C
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140 S.J. Murch edible plants (Manch
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142 S.J. Murch However, over the la
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144 S.J. Murch of monoamine, amino
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146 S.J. Murch On Guam and in other
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148 S.J. Murch 10.4 Conclusions and
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150 S.J. Murch Lindstrom H, Luthman
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11 Amino Acid Transport in Plants a
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11 AA transport in plant versus neu
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12 GABA and GHB Neurotransmitters i
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188 M. Gilliham et al. Fig.13.1. Ar
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190 M. Gilliham et al. as compatibl
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192 M. Gilliham et al. apex (Zhang
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194 M. Gilliham et al. 13.3.3 Are A
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196 M. Gilliham et al. sufficiently
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198 M. Gilliham et al. 2005). It is
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200 M. Gilliham et al. 13.4.5 NSCC
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202 M. Gilliham et al. Kang J, Meht
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204 M. Gilliham et al. Zheng Y, Mel
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206 E.B. Blancaflor, K.D. Chapman F
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218 E.B. Blancaflor, K.D. Chapman G
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15 Regulation of Plant Growth and D
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16 Physiological Roles of Nonselect
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16 Nonselective cation channels 237
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17 Touch-Responsive Behaviors and G
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18 Oscillations in Plants Sergey Sh
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18 Oscillations in Plants 263 Tempo
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18 Oscillations in Plants 265 Dries
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18 Oscillations in Plants 267 backg
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18 Oscillations in Plants 269 The f
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18 Oscillations in Plants 271 prehe
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18 Oscillations in Plants 273 Cardo
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18 Oscillations in Plants 275 Shaba
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278 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol W
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280 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol T
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282 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol E
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284 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol 1
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286 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol n
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288 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol D
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290 K.Trebacz,H.Dziubinska,E.Krol S
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292 R. Stahlberg, R.E. Cleland, E.
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310 E.Davies,B.Stankovic It is assu
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312 E.Davies,B.Stankovic 21.2 Evide
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314 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Fig.21.3.
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316 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Relative m
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318 E.Davies,B.Stankovic 1992; Beel
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320 E.Davies,B.Stankovic Hentze MW,
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322 J. Fromm, S. Lautner in the ran
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324 J. Fromm, S. Lautner cells (Sam
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326 J. Fromm, S. Lautner 22.5 Ion C
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428 V.Ninkovic,R.Glinwood,J.Petters
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436 Subject Index defense 67, 95-10
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438 Subject Index sieve-tube-elemen
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