Proceedings of the 2009 northeastern recreation research symposium

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4.0 CONCLUSIONS Data illustrated in Figure 1 show that visitors perceived problems with both social and resource conditions. Discriminant analysis found signifi cant correlations between visitor satisfactions and both social conditions and resource conditions, as well as bi-variate measures of association between these variable types (for an example, see Table 2). Results reported herein and in Propst et al. (2009) confi rm that campers did use coping mechanisms and intended to modify future behavior in response to on-site conditions in the SRCA. Th e original propositions, however, did not predict the low measures of association (chi-square statistics and Tables 3 and 4) that were found between camper perceptions of problems with physical conditions and objective measures of physical conditions. Campers did report experiencing detracting situations, especially related to campsite conditions and visitor interactions, and exhibited coping behaviors in response to these problems. Even though a large percentage of the designated primitive campsites in the SRCA were in unacceptable condition classes (compared to the SRCA UMP and the APSLMP), campers generally did not report them to be a problem or perceived their condition as a less serious problem when compared to the campsite assessments objectively measured in the fi eld. Camper satisfactions remained high through various coping mechanisms. Managers need to consider that more than half (63 percent) of the paddlers who camped were utilizing at least one coping strategy. As we note here and as Propst et al. (2008) reported, if most people need to employ coping mechanisms to have a high-quality visitor experience, then managers may need to address the problems that provoke these coping behaviors. Furthermore, managers need to understand the use of coping schemes in order to further assess the infl uence of public use and past visitor impacts on visitor experiences. While coping activities appeared to be eff ective in mediating stressful situations during the trips in this study (i.e., all campers reported satisfying trip experiences), they may not continue to be eff ective when the campers make future decisions regarding travel to the SRCA. Most campers in the study intended to return to SRCA, but large percentages of campers also intended to change their behaviors related to visiting the SRCA. Th is response is another indication that campers perceived the cumulative conditions in the SRCA and were displacing them temporally and spatially as a longer-term coping strategy. Campers do not perceive the resource conditions as problems to the same degree as reported by the fi eld measurements, but they did perceive and were reacting to the problems they experienced while on their trip in the SRCA. Th ese data support the NYSDEC’s plans to improve campsite conditions and camper experiences by reducing the campsite impact area, providing more vegetative screening, and developing a campsite management plan for restoration and rehabilitation (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation 2006). 5.0 CITATIONS Cole, D.N. 1989. Wilderness campsite monitoring methods: A source book. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-259. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 57 p Dawson, C.P.; Newman, P.; Fuller, C. 2000. User satisfactions and perceptions of crowding in four Adirondack wilderness areas. In: Kyle, G., ed. Proceedings of the 1999 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE- 269. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 120-126. Dawson, C.P.; Schuster, R.; Propst, B.; Black, C. 2008. St. Regis Canoe Area Visitor and Campsite Study. Research report to the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation. Syracuse, NY: SUNY- ESF. 69 p. Frissell, S.S. 1978. Judging recreation impacts on wilderness campsites. Journal of Forestry. 76(8): 481- 483. Proceedings of the 2009 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium GTR-NRS-P-66 229
Fuller, C.; Dawson, C. 1999. A comparison of wilderness privacy within two New York State wilderness environments. In: Vogelsong, H. ed. Proceedings of the 1998 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-255. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 51-56. Manning, R. 1999. Studies In outdoor recreation: search and research for satisfaction (2nd ed.). Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. 2001. Adirondack Park state land master plan. Raybrook, New York. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. 2006. Saint Regis canoe area fi nal unit management plan. Albany, NY. 199 p. Pfaff enbach, B.; Zinn, H.; Dawson, C. 2003. Exploring satisfaction among paddlers in two Adirondack canoeing areas. In: Shuster, R., ed. Proceedings of the 2002 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-302. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 222-228. Propst et al. 2008 was cited in Section 4.0. Propst, B.; Schuster, R.; Dawson, C.P. 2009. An exploratory analysis of coping schemes used by paddlers who camped in the St. Regis canoe area, New York. In: Klenosky, David B.; Fisher, Cherie LeBlanc, eds. Proceedings of the 2008 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium; 2008 March 30 - April 1; Bolton Landing, NY. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-42. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 139-146. Schuster, R.M.; Hammitt, W.E.; Moore, D. 2003. A theoretical model to measure appraisal and coping response to hassles in outdoor recreation settings. Leisure Sciences. 25: 277-299. Schuster, R.; Hammitt, W.; Moore, D. 2006. Stress appraisal and coping response to hassles experienced in outdoor recreation settings. Leisure Sciences. 28: 97-113. The content of this paper refl ects the views of the authors(s), who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the information presented herein. Proceedings of the 2009 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium GTR-NRS-P-66 230
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United States Department of Agricul
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2009 NORTHEASTER
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OUTDOOR RECREATION—TRAILS Experie
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GIS APPLICATIONS AND RECREATION RES
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diff erent points along the spectru
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Proceedings of the 2009 Northeaster
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amount of bare rock. Camel’s Hump
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Larson, M. 2004. A Passive Approach
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THE ROLE OF IMAGINATION IN EXPERIEN
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Table 1.—Special places surveys L
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For some people, being in their spe
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND RESOURCE PLANNIN
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large geographical area (Fig. 1). T
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Divers seen = 4.4 Figure 2.—Norm
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Table 4.—Most-specialized divers
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Sarah Young Human Dimensions of Mar
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3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Th e FRR
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Table 4.—Divers’ perception of
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YOUTH AND OUTDOOR RECREATION
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A qualitative research design was u
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containers, instead of plastic bags
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WALK, RIDE AND LEARN: STUDENTS’ D
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school. Because of the large sample
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Table 8.—Observation of built str
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“I’M TOO OLD TO GO OUTSIDE!”
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Mean Eco-Affinity Score 5.0 4.5 4.0
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children. In: Klenosky, David B., F
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Cherie LeBlanc Fisher U.S Forest Se
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Table 1.—Comparative statistics f
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did some fi shing himself at each s
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On the other hand, some personal kn
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Illinois Department of Natural Reso
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Consumer behavior researchers have
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50 percent of the households were d
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y respondents indicated that these
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a bivariate approach (instead of th
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HERITAGE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN RUR
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Short cruise season. Th e river fre
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Lynda J. Sperazza, Ph.D. Recreation
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2.3 Leisure Participation Values Re
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Dychtwald, K. 1999. Age power: How
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With all research, the research que
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comprehensive. Cross (2005) even ar
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Stillwater, OK: Oklahoma State Univ
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EXPERIENCE USE HISTORY AND ITS RELA
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Table 1.—Comparison of experience
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5.0 DISCUSSION As mentioned previou
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HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE
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2.0 METHODS Data were collected at
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0 buses 4 buses 8 buses 12 buses Fi
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4.0 DISCUSSION Visitor surveys and
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LEISURE AND HEALTH
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Second, in a world where clean drin
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Table 1.—Importance of different
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Countries also need to be careful a
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Proceedings of the 2009 Northeaster
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Table 1.—Informant profi les Info
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do something and we might think it
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Th ese relational interactions enab
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EXPLORING ELEMENTS THAT INFLUENCE S
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trails, and asking others to stay o
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time/fi nances” in dune protectio
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In summary, this study explored the
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Jinhee Jun Texas A&M University jju
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Table 1.—Sample demographics Indi
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Grayson 1995). Th e fi t of this mo
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Stets, J.E.; Burke, P.J. 2003. A so
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Jiaying Lu Texas A& M University Ji
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Table 1.—Demographic and particip
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Table 3.—Factor analysis of motiv
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species sought, satisfaction, and r
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social nature within sense of place
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Table 1.—Descriptions of key info
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sharing the place with others and a
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Manzo, L.C. 2005. For better or wor
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NORMATIVE TOLERANCES FOR SCUBA DIVE
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neutral point. Bubbles at the top o
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Table 1.—Snorkeler evaluations of
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Davis, D.; Tisdell, C. 1995. Recrea
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William Valliere University of Verm
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��
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Manning, R. 2007. Parks and carryin
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mission is “...to promote and reg
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Figure 1.—Pedestrian walkway LOS
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Acceptability 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
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TOURISM TRENDS AND CHALLENGES
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the rankings of 12 attendance motiv
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Table 3.—Comparison of socio-econ
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Table 6.—Entertainment Seekers’
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PLACE MEANINGS
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Stedman (1999) posited that sense o
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points in a focus group session, Ne
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Page 203 and 204: Jőreskog, K.G.; Sőrbom, D. 2004.
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Page 207 and 208: Th e primary objective of the propo
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Page 221 and 222: RECREATION TRAILS IN MAINE AND NEW
Page 223 and 224: Table 2.—Average cross-sectional
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Page 227 and 228: Demrow, C.C. 2002. Maine trails man
Page 229 and 230: Turner, J.M. 2002. From woodcraft t
Page 231 and 232: Chad P. Dawson, Professor State Uni
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Page 241 and 242: Smee, A.; Brennan, M. 2000. Electro
Page 243 and 244: Table 1.—Characteristics of parti
Page 245 and 246: Table 3.—Results of discriminant
Page 247 and 248: 5.0 CITATIONS Babbie, E. 2001. Th e
Page 249 and 250: Bernardita Silva Graduate Assistant
Page 251 and 252: Table 1.—Expenditures by 2008 Ame
Page 253 and 254: 6.0 CITATIONS Della Bitta, A.; Lond
Page 255 and 256: the economic impact of travel, and
Page 257 and 258: the air show. Th e second most popu
Page 259 and 260: not displace other local spending.
Page 261 and 262: 6.0 CITATIONS Adams, P.D.; Parmente
Page 263 and 264: MANAGEMENT AND USE OF PARK, RECREAT
Page 265 and 266: which suggests that diff erent type
Page 267 and 268: Table 2.—Between-groups ANOVA to
Page 269 and 270: forest settings (means = 4.4 and 4.
Page 271 and 272: LEISURE RESEARCH
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Page 275 and 276: Table 2.—Life satisfaction scale
Page 277 and 278: onds within a social group is a mec
Page 279 and 280: “I JUST WANTED TO GET AWAY”: AN
Page 281 and 282: Th e importance of “getting away
Page 283 and 284: Gerlach, J. 1989. Spring Break at P
Page 285: www.nrs.fs.fed.us The U.S. Departme
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