Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 39 April 6, 2001

Prior to 1994, measurement of tumor pH was limited to microelectrodes, which measure the interstitial/extracellular pH
(pHe), and (31)P MRS of inorganic phosphate, which measured the intracellular pH (pHe). In 1994, we developed a method to
simultaneously measure the intra and extracellular pH of tumors, using exogenous 3-amino propyl phosphonate (3-APP) and inorganic
phosphate (Pi) (Gillies et al., 1994, Am J Physiol 267, C195-C203). However, this method is limited to measuring average
tumor pHe, and was not capable of reporting the pH range or localized values. MR-based pH measurement techniques have been
improved in two ways. First, the data obtained from (31)P MRS of 3-APP have been more thoroughly analyzed to yield transtumoral
pH ranges. Second, an alternative pH-sensitive marker has been developed to allow pH in mapping using multivoxel
(1)H-MRS.
DTIC
Mammary Glands; Cancer; Amines
20010025308 Duke Univ., Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
A Pilot Study to Explore Linkages Among Isomers of Organochlorines, Promutagenic DNA Lesions and Breast Cancer
Using Sensitive Techniques Final Report, 1 Jul. 1996-31 Dec. 1999
Lo, Joseph; Jan. 2000; 25p; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-96-1-6145
Report No.(s): AD-A385883; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche
The purpose of this grant was to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) to assist radiologists in differentiating benign
from malignant solid lesions in ultrasound (U.S.) breast imaging. A data set of patient cases was collected, consisting of 192
biopsy-proven breast lesions for which radiologists provided descriptive terms to characterize the U.S. appearance of the lesions.
An ANN model was developed to predict probably benign lesions based upon those descriptors and the patient age. The model
was potentially able to maintain 100% sensitivity of cancer detection, while improving the radiologists’ specificity from 0% to
35% (42 out of 121 benign biopsies obviated). This corresponded to improving the PPV of the radiologists from 37% to 47%.
Moreover, we also identified that the mass margin and patient age were the two most important input features for this model, and
that highly simplified models based on those two features alone could still perform as well as the more complicated models using
all available information. Predictive models such as these can provide physicians and patients with accurate information for managing
suspicious breast lesions without the invasiveness of biopsy procedures.
DTIC
Cancer; Imaging Techniques; Computer Assisted Instruction
20010025309 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA USA
Involvement of the Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1 in the Development of Breast Cancer Annual Report, 1 Oct. 1998-30 Sep.
1999
Lorenz, Ulrike; Oct. 1999; 11p; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-98-1-8347
Report No.(s): AD-A385886; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche
The purpose of this research was to test the working hypothesis that SHP-1 is essential for controlling growth and differentiation
of mammary epithelial cells and that dysregulation of SHP-1 contributes to the development of breast cancer. Scope: to
biochemically and functionally characterize SHP-1 in human breast cancer cell lines and to define the biological function of
SHP-1 in normal epithelial cells. Major Findings: SHP-1 associates with the EGFR in an EGF stimulation-dependent manner. to
further characterize the function of SHP- 1, we have generated retroviruses encoding wild type and mutant forms of SHP- 1
together with GFP. Infection of cell lines with these viruses will enable us to target a high percentage of the cell population and
to identify infected cells. We have also generated a transgenic mouse encoding SHP-1 under the control of its hematopoietic promoter.
Crossing this mouse in the motheaten background should allow us to study SHP- 1-deficient epithelial cells in an otherwise
”normal” mouse. Significance: From our data, we are starting to understand SHP-1’s role in epithelial cells. Moreover by using
the reagents we generated, we expect to deepen our knowledge of SHP-1’s role in epithelial cells and to learn how a dysregulated
SHP-1 is potentially involved in the onset/progression of breast cancer.
DTIC
Proteins; Tyrosine; Hematopoietic System; Cells (Biology); Cancer
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